Abstract：
:We recently compared the efficiency of six picornaviral internal ribosome entry segments (IRESes) and the hepatitis C virus (HCV) IRES for their ability to drive internal initiation of translationin vitro. Here we present the results of a similar comparison performed in six different cultured cell lines infected with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the T7 polymerase and transfected with dicistronic plasmids. The IRESes could be divided into three groups: (i) the cardiovirus and aphthovirus IRESes (and the HCV element) direct internal initiation efficiently in all cell lines tested; (ii) the enterovirus and rhinovirus IRESes are at least equally efficient in several cell lines, but are extremely inefficient in certain cell types; and (iii) the hepatitis A virus IRES is incapable of directing efficient internal initiation in any of the cell lines used (including human hepatocytes). These are the same three groups found when IRESes were classified according to their activitiesin vitro, or according to sequence homologies. In a mouse neuronal cell line, the poliovirus and other type I IRESes were not functional in an artificial bicistronic context. However, infectious poliovirions were produced efficiently after transfection of these cells with a genomic length RNA. Furthermore, activity of the type I IRESes was dramatically increased upon co-expression of the poliovirus 2A proteinase, demonstrating that while IRES efficiency may vary considerably from one cell type to another, at least in some cases viral proteins are capable of overcoming cell-specific translational defects.
journal_name
Nucleic Acids Resjournal_title
Nucleic acids researchauthors
Borman AM,Le Mercier P,Girard M,Kean KMdoi
10.1093/nar/25.5.925subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-03-01 00:00:00pages
925-32issue
5eissn
0305-1048issn
1362-4962pii
gka191journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The immunoglobulin heavy chain intronic transcriptional enhancer (E mu) is part of a complex cis-regulatory DNA region which has notably been shown to modulate V(D)J rearrangements of associated variable gene segments. We have used recombination substrates comprised of the E mu enhancer together with various lengths o...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/22.5.792
更新日期：1994-03-11 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple and efficient method is described to introduce structurally pre-determined mutations into recombinant genomes of filamentous phage M13. The method rests on gapped duplex DNA (gdDNA) molecules of the phage M13 genome as the key intermediate. In this gdDNA, the (+) and the (shorter) (-) strand carry different g...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/12.24.9441
更新日期：1984-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Homing endonuclease genes (HEGs) are mobile DNA elements that are thought to confer no benefit to their host. They encode site-specific DNA endonucleases that perpetuate the element within a species population by homing and disseminate it between species by horizontal transfer. Several yeast species contain the VMA1 H...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkh734
更新日期：2004-07-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The CDC16 gene is involved in the process of chromosome segregation in mitosis and a cdc16ts mutant accumulates the predominant microtubule-associated protein at the nonpermissive temperature. We find that the CDC16 gene open reading frame (ORF) is capable of encoding a protein whose calculated molecular weight and pI...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/15.20.8439
更新日期：1987-10-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Conventional approaches to predict transcriptional regulatory interactions usually rely on the definition of a shared motif sequence on the target genes of a transcription factor (TF). These efforts have been frustrated by the limited availability and accuracy of TF binding site motifs, usually represented as position...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gks1286
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two of the tRNA's found in rabbit reticulocytes are substrates for a post-transcriptional modification leading to the incorporation of guanine into the polynucleotide chain. The major guanylated tRNA was previously identified as tRNA (His). In the present report we show that the minor guanylated tRNA is tRNA (Asn), an...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/3.10.2521
更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Holliday junction (HJ) resolving enzyme RecU is involved in DNA repair and recombination. We have determined the crystal structure of inactive mutant (D88N) of RecU from Bacillus subtilis in complex with a 12 base palindromic DNA fragment at a resolution of 3.2 Å. This structure shows the stalk region and the essentia...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkw1165
更新日期：2017-01-25 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA topoisomerases and DNA site-specific recombinases are biologically important enzymes involved in a diverse set of cellular processes. We show that replacement of a phosphodiester linkage by a 5'-bridging phosphorothioate linkage creates an efficient suicide substrate for calf thymus topoisomerase I and lambda inte...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/23.15.2973
更新日期：1995-08-11 00:00:00
abstract：:One challenge in engineering organisms is taking responsibility for their behavior over many generations. Spontaneous mutations arising before or during use can impact heterologous genetic functions, disrupt system integration, or change organism phenotype. Here, we propose restructuring the genetic code itself such t...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkz745
更新日期：2019-11-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Spermine-DNA complexes have been examined by small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering as well as by circular dichroism studies. Condensed complexes are building up below a critical ionic strength. We have found that at one and the same ionic strength condensed complexes having two different supramolecular structure...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/7.5.1297
更新日期：1979-11-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent progress in predicting RNA structure is moving towards filling the 'gap' in 2D RNA structure prediction where, for example, predicted internal loops often form non-canonical base pairs. This is increasingly recognized with the steady increase of known RNA 3D modules. There is a general interest in matching stru...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkt795
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have constructed simple test-plasmids to study transcriptional enhancers in yeast. In this paper the reporter-gene is a plasmid borne deletion-substitution derivative (his-del4) of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae HIS3 gene in which the native promoter has been replaced by a dormant, susceptible pseudopromoter. We inve...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/16.18.8847
更新日期：1988-09-26 00:00:00
abstract：:High density oligonucleotide array technology is widely used in many areas of biomedical research for quantitative and highly parallel measurements of gene expression. Affymetrix GeneChip arrays are the most popular. In this technology each gene is typically represented by a set of 11-20 pairs of probes. In order to o...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gng015
更新日期：2003-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The Prp19-associated complex is required for spliceosome activation by stabilizing the binding of U5 and U6 on the spliceosome after the release of U4. The complex comprises at least eight proteins, among which Ntc90 and Ntc77 contain multiple tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) elements. We have previously shown that Ntc9...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gku914
更新日期：2014-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Reverse gyrase is a peculiar DNA topoisomerase, specific of hyperthermophilic Archaea and Bacteria, which has the unique ability of introducing positive supercoiling into DNA molecules. Although the function of the enzyme has not been established directly, it has been suggested to be involved in DNA protection and rep...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkl115
更新日期：2006-04-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Transcription and mRNA export are linked processes. However, the molecular mechanisms of this coordination are not clear. Sus1 (hENY2) participates in this coordination as part of two protein complexes: SAGA, a transcriptional co-activator; TREX-2, which functions in mRNA biogenesis and export. Here, we investigate th...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkt272
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Properties of a mutant bacteriophage T2 DNA [N:(6)-adenine] methyltransferase (T2 Dam MTase) have been investigated for its potential utilization in RecA-assisted restriction endonuclease (RARE) cleavage. Steady-state kinetic analyses with oligonucleotide duplexes revealed that, compared to wild-type T4 Dam, both wild...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/29.7.1484
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the attachment of the DNA to the nuclear matrix during the division cycle of the plasmodial slime mold Physarum polycephalum. The DNA of plasmodia was pulse labelled at different times during the S phase and the label distribution was studied by graded DNase digestion of the matrix-DNA complexes p...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/11.4.1181
更新日期：1983-02-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The satellite RNA of tobacco ringspot virus (STobRV RNA) replicates and becomes encapsidated in association with tobacco ringspot virus. Previous results show that the infected tissue produces multimeric STobRV RNAs of both polarities. RNA that is complementary to encapsidated STobRV RNA, designated as having the (-) ...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/14.24.9729
更新日期：1986-12-22 00:00:00
abstract：:Small inverted repeats (small palindromes) on plasmids have been shown to mediate a recombinational rearrangement event in Escherichia coli leading to the formation of inverted dimers (giant palindromes). This recombinational rearrangement event is efficient and independent of RecA and RecBCD. In this report, we propo...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/25.15.3009
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations generate a wealth of information related to the dynamics of proteins. If properly analyzed, this information can lead to new insights regarding protein function and assist wet-lab experiments. Aiming to identify interactions between individual amino acid residues and the r...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gky381
更新日期：2018-07-02 00:00:00
abstract：:The Saccharomyces Genome Database (SGD; http://www.yeastgenome.org) is an expertly curated database of literature-derived functional information for the model organism budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. SGD constantly strives to synergize new types of experimental data and bioinformatics predictions with existin...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkx1112
更新日期：2018-01-04 00:00:00
abstract：:With the recent increase in the number of mammalian genomes being sequenced, large-scale genome scans for human-specific positive selection are now possible. Selection can be inferred through phylogenetic analysis by comparing the rates of silent and replacement substitution between related species. Maximum-likelihood...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkm764
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synchronized cells of a normal human lymphocytic cell line contain little swiven enzyme activity in G0 and G1 and high activity in Sphase. The level of activity in different growth phase appears to be related to the fraction of the population engaged in DNA replication. No endogenous inhibitor or activator of swiven a...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/3.12.3305
更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to systematically analyze the effects of nucleoside modification of sugar moieties in DNA polymerase reactions, we synthesized 16 modified templates containing 2',4'-bridged nucleotides and three types of 2',4'-bridged nucleoside-5'-triphospates with different bridging structures. Among the five types of ther...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkn404
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I-motif DNAs have been widely employed as robust modulating components to construct reconfigurable DNA nanodevices that function well in acidic cellular environments. However, they generally display poor interactivity with fluorescent ligands under these complex conditions, illustrating a major difficulty in utilizing...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkaa020
更新日期：2020-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The deoxyoligonucleotide 5' AATCGGGCATGGATT (15-mer) was synthesized containing 12 phosphoramidate linkages derived from 2 primary and 2 secondary amines. The oligonucleotides were purified by reverse phase HPLC and characterized by PAGE. The thermal stability of the duplexes derived from these compounds, when hybridi...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/16.11.4831
更新日期：1988-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent effective use of TAL Effectors (TALEs) has provided an important approach to the design and synthesis of sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins. However, it is still a challenging task to design and manufacture effective TALE modulators because of the limited knowledge of TALE-DNA interactions. Here we synthesi...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gku535
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transcriptional promoter of satellite 2 from the eastern newt, Notophthalmus viridescens, was analyzed by assaying the activity of deleted or mutated satellite 2 clones in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Two elements in the promoter were found to be important for transcription. These elements have sequences that are simil...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/22.22.4697
更新日期：1994-11-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Biological evolution resulted in a homochiral world in which nucleic acids consist exclusively of d-nucleotides and proteins made by ribosomal translation of l-amino acids. From the perspective of synthetic biology, however, particularly anabolic enzymes that could build the mirror-image counterparts of biological mac...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkx079
更新日期：2017-04-20 00:00:00
