Abstract：
:We have constructed simple test-plasmids to study transcriptional enhancers in yeast. In this paper the reporter-gene is a plasmid borne deletion-substitution derivative (his-del4) of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae HIS3 gene in which the native promoter has been replaced by a dormant, susceptible pseudopromoter. We investigate the function in yeast of foreign control elements, the polyomavirus enhancer and some of its derivatives, inserted in either orientation at the 3' or 5' ends of the reporter gene. The polyoma enhancer (and, although less thoroughly studied, the SV40 enhancer) will strongly activate transcription from latent start sites within the pseudo-promoter sequence. The rules we draw for the polyoma enhancer effect in yeast are, with a few interesting exceptions, remarkably similar to those discovered by experimentation in mammalian cells.
journal_name
Nucleic Acids Resjournal_title
Nucleic acids researchauthors
Ciaramella M,Sacco M,Pulitzer JFdoi
10.1093/nar/16.18.8847subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-09-26 00:00:00pages
8847-68issue
18eissn
0305-1048issn
1362-4962journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Nam8, a component of yeast U1 snRNP, is optional for mitotic growth but required during meiosis, because Nam8 collaborates with Mer1 to promote splicing of essential meiotic mRNAs AMA1, MER2 and MER3. Here, we identify SPO22 and PCH2 as novel targets of Nam8-dependent meiotic splicing. Whereas SPO22 splicing is co-dep...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkq1328
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The functionalisation of oligodeoxynucleotides and oligoribonucleotides by incorporation of 2'-amido-2'-deoxyribonucleosides, possibly containing a reporter group via the 2'-amido bond, was examined. Therefore 2'-acetamido-ribonucleosides containing a small methyl group at the 2'-amido bond were synthesized as model c...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/23.1.51
更新日期：1995-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Xenbase (www.xenbase.org), the model organism database for Xenopus laevis and X. (Silurana) tropicalis, is the principal centralized resource of genomic, development data and community information for Xenopus research. Recent improvements include the addition of the literature and interaction tabs to gene catalog page...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkp953
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ribonuclease MRP is an endonuclease, related to RNase P, which functions in eukaryotic pre-rRNA processing. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, RNase MRP comprises an RNA subunit and ten proteins. To improve our understanding of subunit roles and enzyme architecture, we have examined protein-protein and protein-RNA interacti...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkm553
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Comparisons of proteins show that they evolve through the movement of domains. However, in many cases, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we observed the movements of DNA recognition domains between non-orthologous proteins within a prokaryote genome. Restriction-modification (RM) systems, consisting of a...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gks681
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A Fortran computer algorithm has been used to analyze the nucleotide sequence of several structural genes. The analysis performed on both coding and complementary DNA strands shows that whereas open reading frames shorter than 100 codons are randomly distributed on both DNA strands, open reading frames longer than 100...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/9.6.1499
更新日期：1981-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：:A requirement for specific RNA folding is that the free-energy landscape discriminate against non-native folds. While tertiary interactions are critical for stabilizing the native fold, they are relatively non-specific, suggesting additional mechanisms contribute to tertiary folding specificity. In this study, we use ...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkv1055
更新日期：2016-01-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Microsatellites are widely used as genetic markers because they are co-dominant, multiallelic, easily scored and highly polymorphic. A major drawback of microsatellite markers is the time and cost required to characterise them. We have developed a novel technique to reduce this cost by producing a microsatellite-rich ...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/24.21.4369
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The DSSP program automatically assigns the secondary structure for each residue from the three-dimensional co-ordinates of a protein structure to one of eight states. However, discrete assignments are incomplete in that they cannot capture the continuum of thermal fluctuations. Therefore, DSSPcont (http://cubic.bioc.c...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkg626
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies show that the region of DNA brought into close proximity to the fetal gamma-globin genes in deletional forms of hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) is selectively hypomethylated (and presumably active) in normal erythroid tissue. This region is normally located approximately 100 kilobases ...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/15.13.5169
更新日期：1987-07-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The TcSNP database (http://snps.tcruzi.org) integrates information on genetic variation (polymorphisms and mutations) for different stocks, strains and isolates of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. The database incorporates sequences (genes from the T. cruzi reference genome, mRNAs, ESTs and ge...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkn874
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short single-stranded RNA molecules derived from hairpin-forming precursors that play a crucial role as post-transcriptional regulators in eukaryotes and viruses. In the past years, many microRNA target genes (MTGs) have been identified experimentally. However, because of the high costs of experi...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkw1085
更新日期：2017-01-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethidium causes the cleavage of DNA via a light and oxygen dependent process. Using covalently closed circular DNA as a substrate, the saturation kinetics and the dependence on superhelical density of the cleavage indicate that intercalated ethidium is mainly responsible for nicking DNA. Superoxide dismutase has littl...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/3.2.315
更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Euplotes crassus millions of telomeres are synthesized during the sexual phase of the life cycle. Since these newly synthesized telomeres are longer than normal macronuclear telomeres, they must be trimmed to the mature size. We have examined the timing and mechanism of this trimming step. We have shown that a sudd...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/21.23.5366
更新日期：1993-11-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) stimulates transcription from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) promoters in vitro and in organello. To investigate whether changes of TFAM levels also modulate transcription and replication in situ, the protein was transiently overexpressed in cultured cells. Mitochondrial mRNAs we...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkh921
更新日期：2004-11-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucocorticoid (GC) signaling synchronizes the circadian rhythm of individual peripheral cells and induces the expression of circadian genes, including Period1 (Per1) and Period2 (Per2). However, no GC response element (GRE) has been reported in the Per2 promoter region. Here we report the molecular mechanisms of Per2...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkt307
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Influenza viruses have a segmented viral RNA (vRNA) genome, which is replicated by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP). Replication initiates on the vRNA 3' terminus, producing a complementary RNA (cRNA) intermediate, which serves as a template for the synthesis of new vRNA. RNAP structures show the 3' termi...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkw884
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gene-external part of the human 7S L promoter was analyzed by transcription in vitro and in vivo. Compared to the wild type promoter (-178), a -66 5'deletion mutant revealed full activity in vitro but was inefficiently transcribed in vivo. Further deletion to -37 reduced template activity to 50% in vitro and to ba...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/18.23.6779
更新日期：1990-12-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The direct sequencing of DNA generated by the polynucleotide chain reaction, via the incorporation of phosphorothioate nucleotides and followed by treatment with an alkylating reagent that cleaves specifically at the phosphorothioate positions, is described. The Taq polymerase used in the amplification reaction incorp...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/16.21.9947
更新日期：1988-11-11 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed an improved method for photofootprinting in vivo which utilizes the thermostable DNA polymerase from T. aquaticus (Taq) in a primer extension assay. UV light is used to introduce photoproducts into the genomic DNA of intact yeast cells. The photoproducts are then detected and mapped at the nucleotide...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/17.1.171
更新日期：1989-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Dinucleoside diphosphates of the general type pGpN have been prepared enzymatically using ribonuclease N1. Alkylated uridines or cytidines, which are products of carcinogens acting on nucleic acids, were tested in dinucleoside diphosphates for their ability to stimulate the binding of Ala- or Val-tRNA to ribosomes. O2...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/6.4.1709
更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The viral RNA (vRNA) genome of influenza viruses is replicated by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) via a complementary RNA (cRNA) intermediate. The vRNA promoter can adopt multiple conformations when bound by the RNAP. However, the dynamics, determinants, and biological role of these conformations are unknown; ...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkz313
更新日期：2019-07-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The nucleotide sequence of the 5S ribosomal RNA of Streptococcus cremoris has been determined. The sequence is 5' (sequence in text) 3'. Comparison of the S. cremoris 5S RNA sequence to an updated prokaryotic generalized 5S RNA structural model shows that this 5S RNA contains some unusual structural features. These fe...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/11.21.7569
更新日期：1983-11-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Human Ape2 protein has 3' phosphodiesterase activity for processing 3'-damaged DNA termini, 3'-5' exonuclease activity that supports removal of mismatched nucleotides from the 3'-end of DNA, and a somewhat weak AP-endonuclease activity. However, very little is known about the role of Ape2 in DNA repair processes. Here...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkp357
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A minor tRNA-Glu1 constituent of a preparation of E. coli B tRNA-Glu (Oak Ridge) has a guanosine residue at position 66 rather than an adenosine as in the tRNA-Glu2 described by Ohashi et al. (3). Automated sequential degradation was used to sequence this region. ...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/2.4.469
更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe here the cloning, characterization and expression in E. coli of the gene coding for a DNA methylase from Spiroplasma sp. strain MQ1 (M.SssI). This enzyme methylates completely and exclusively CpG sequences. The Spiroplasma gene was transcribed in E. coli using its own promoter. Translation of the entire me...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/18.5.1145
更新日期：1990-03-11 00:00:00
abstract：:SLM2 and Sam68 are splicing regulator paralogs that usually overlap in function, yet only SLM2 and not Sam68 controls the Neurexin2 AS4 exon important for brain function. Herein we find that SLM2 and Sam68 similarly bind to Neurexin2 pre-mRNA, both within the mouse cortex and in vitro. Protein domain-swap experiments ...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkw1277
更新日期：2017-04-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Laser microirradiation is a powerful tool for real-time single-cell analysis of the DNA damage response (DDR). It is often found, however, that factor recruitment or modification profiles vary depending on the laser system employed. This is likely due to an incomplete understanding of how laser conditions/dosages affe...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gkv976
更新日期：2016-02-18 00:00:00
abstract：:A successful application is reported of the multivariate curve resolution alternating least-squares method (MCR-ALS) for the analysis of nucleic acid melting and salt-induced transitions. Under conditions where several structures co-exist in a conformational equilibrium, MCR-ALS analysis of the UV and circular dichroi...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/gnf091
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 34 base-pair (bp) fragment spanning sequences -154 to -120 of the promoter of the CHO1 gene (structural gene for phosphatidylserine synthase) from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been shown to place transcription of a promoter-less Escherichia coli lacZ gene under control of the phospholipid precursors inosit...
journal_title：Nucleic acids research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/nar/20.6.1411
更新日期：1992-03-25 00:00:00
