Human brain contains high levels of heteroplasmy in the noncoding regions of mitochondrial DNA.

abstract：:The E26 transformation-specific (Ets-1) transcription factor is autoinhibited by a conformationally disordered serine-rich region (SRR) that transiently interacts with its DNA-binding ETS domain. In response to calcium signaling, autoinhibition is reinforced by calmodulin-dependent kinase II phosphorylation of serines...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Desjardins G,Meeker CA,Bhachech N,Currie SL,Okon M,Graves BJ,McIntosh LP

更新日期：2014-07-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibodies to DNA in the left-handed (Z) conformation bind to acid-fixed polytene chromosomes of both Chironomus thummi and Drosophila melanogaster, as shown by direct and indirect immunofluorescence. Comparison of the phase-contrast, immunofluorescence, and DNA staining patterns shows a predominant localization of th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arndt-Jovin DJ,Robert-Nicoud M,Zarling DA,Greider C,Weimer E,Jovin TM

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of the Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent, diacylglycerol-activated enzyme protein kinase C (PKC) in rabbit eyelid conditioning was examined. PKC was partially purified from the CA1 region of hippocampal slices from naive, pseudoconditioned, and conditioned rabbits 24 hr after the rabbits were well conditioned. Crud...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bank B,DeWeer A,Kuzirian AM,Rasmussen H,Alkon DL

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila melanogaster CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) mediates behavioral and electrophysiological responses to blue light coded by circadian and arousal neurons. However, spectroscopic and biochemical assays of heterologously expressed CRY suggest that CRY may mediate functional responses to UV-A (ultraviolet A) light as well. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baik LS,Fogle KJ,Roberts L,Galschiodt AM,Chevez JA,Recinos Y,Nguy V,Holmes TC

更新日期：2017-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recently demonstrated that immunization with hepatitis C virus-like particles (HCV-LPs) generated in insect cells can elicit both humoral and cellular immune responses in BALB/c mice. Here, we evaluate the immunogenicity of HCV-LPs in HLA2.1 transgenic (AAD) mice in comparison to DNA immunization. HCV-LP immun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Murata K,Lechmann M,Qiao M,Gunji T,Alter HJ,Liang TJ

更新日期：2003-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene conversion and conversion-associated reciprocal recombination have been studied in various Saccharomyces cerevisiae hybrids. In a sample of 11,023 unselected meiotic tetrads, 907 conversions were observed at the arg4, thr3, his1, and SUP6 loci. Of these conversions, 445 (or 49.1%) were associated with reciprocal ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hurst DD,Fogel S,Mortimer RK

更新日期：1972-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metallothionein (MT) has several putative roles in metal detoxification, in Zn and Cu homeostasis, in scavenging free radicals, and in the acute phase response. Mice of mixed 129/Ola and C57BL/6J background with targeted disruption of MT-I and MT-II genes are more sensitive to toxic metals and oxidative stress. We not...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beattie JH,Wood AM,Newman AM,Bremner I,Choo KH,Michalska AE,Duncan JS,Trayhurn P

更新日期：1998-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was made of the effects of di- and trivalent cations on homomeric rho 1-type gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA rho 1) receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes after injection of mRNA coding for the GABA rho 1 subunit. GABA elicited large currents with a Kd approximately 1 microM. The properties of these GABA rho 1 recep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Calvo DJ,Vazquez AE,Miledi R

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:An evolutionary framework for viewing the formation, the stability, the organizational structure, and the social dynamics of biological families is developed. This framework is based upon three conceptual pillars: ecological constraints theory, inclusive fitness theory, and reproductive skew theory. I offer a set of 1...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Emlen ST

更新日期：1995-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:It has long been recognized that a suite of proteins exists in coral skeletons that is critical for the oriented precipitation of calcium carbonate crystals, yet these proteins remain poorly characterized. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of proteins extracted from the cell-free skeleton o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Drake JL,Mass T,Haramaty L,Zelzion E,Bhattacharya D,Falkowski PG

更新日期：2013-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Duodenal bicarbonate secretion (DBS) is accepted as the primary mucosal defense against acid discharged from the stomach and is impaired in patients with duodenal ulcer disease. The secretory response to luminal acid is the main physiological stimulus for DBS and involves mediation by PGE2 produced by mucosal cells. T...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leppilampi M,Parkkila S,Karttunen T,Gut MO,Gros G,Sjöblom M

更新日期：2005-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluorescence decay of the rare earth terbium when bound to the protein calmodulin changes from a simple exponential decay to a complex nonexponential decay as the temperature is lowered below 200 K. We have fit the observed decay curves by assuming that the terbium emission is a forced electric dipole transition a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Austin RH,Stein DL,Wang J

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are multidomain proteins responsible for the attachment of specific amino acids to their tRNA substrates. Prolyl-tRNA synthetases (ProRSs) are notable due to their particularly diverse architectures through evolution. For example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ProRS possesses an N-terminal extens...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： SternJohn J,Hati S,Siliciano PG,Musier-Forsyth K

更新日期：2007-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a Kappa-on-Heavy (KoH) mouse that produces a class of highly diverse, fully human, antibody-like agents. This mouse was made by replacing the germline variable sequences of both the Ig heavy-chain (IgH) and Ig kappa (IgK) loci with the human IgK germline variable sequences, producing antibody-like molecule...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Macdonald LE,Meagher KA,Franklin MC,Levenkova N,Hansen J,Badithe AT,Zhong M,Krueger P,Rafique A,Tu N,Shevchuk J,Wadhwa S,Ehrlich G,Bautista J,Grant C,Esau L,Poueymirou WT,Auerbach W,Morton L,Babb R,Chen G,Huang

更新日期：2020-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The high excitation energy-transfer efficiency demanded in photosynthetic organisms relies on the optimal pigment-protein binding orientation in the individual protein complexes and also on the overall architecture of the photosystem. In green sulfur bacteria, the membrane-attached Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) antenna p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wen J,Zhang H,Gross ML,Blankenship RE

更新日期：2009-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The amphiphilic fluorescent styryl pyridinium dyes FM1-43 and FM4-64 are used to probe activity-dependent synaptic vesicle cycling in neurons. Cultured astrocytes can internalize FM1-43 and FM4-64 inside vesicles but their uptake is insensitive to the elevation of cytosolic calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration and the under...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li D,Hérault K,Oheim M,Ropert N

更新日期：2009-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of proteasome inhibitors to target cancer's dependence on altered protein homeostasis has been greatly limited by intrinsic and acquired resistance. Analyzing data from thousands of cancer lines and tumors, we find that those with suppressed expression of one or more 19S proteasome subunits show intrinsic prot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsvetkov P,Sokol E,Jin D,Brune Z,Thiru P,Ghandi M,Garraway LA,Gupta PB,Santagata S,Whitesell L,Lindquist S

更新日期：2017-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Most human cancers are of monoclonal origin and display many genetic alterations. In an effort to determine whether clonal expansion itself could account for the large number of genetic alterations, we compared spontaneous transformation in cloned and uncloned populations of NIH 3T3 cells. We have reported that progre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chow M,Rubin H

更新日期：2000-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of eukaryotic viruses have evolved mechanisms to downregulate activity of the interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (referred to as P68 based on its Mr of 68,000 in human cells). This control is essential because once activated, the P68 kinase phosphorylates its natural substrate, t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee TG,Tomita J,Hovanessian AG,Katze MG

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the search for selective and long-acting analogs of somatostatin, nearly 200 compounds were synthesized by solid-phase methods, purified, and tested biologically. Among these octapeptides, some contained N-terminal (Formula: see text) were 177 times and 113 times more potent, respectively, than somatostatin in test...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cai RZ,Szoke B,Lu R,Fu D,Redding TW,Schally AV

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Let X = Omega/Gamma be a compact quotient of an irreducible bounded symmetric domain Omega of rank >/=2 by a discrete group omega of automorphisms without fixed points. It is well known that the Kähler-Einstein metric g on X carries seminegative curvature (in the sense of Griffiths). I show that any Hermitian metric h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mok N

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy electronic states originating from the f atomic orbitals underlie a rich variety of quantum phases of matter. We use atomic scale imaging and spectroscopy with the scanning tunneling microscope to examine the novel electronic states that emerge from the uranium f states in URu(2)Si(2). We find that, as the tempe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aynajian P,da Silva Neto EH,Parker CV,Huang Y,Pasupathy A,Mydosh J,Yazdani A

更新日期：2010-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is triggered and regulated by structural rearrangement of the transmembrane heptahelical bundle containing a number of highly conserved residues. In rhodopsin, a prototypical GPCR, the helical bundle accommodates an intrinsic inverse-agonist 11-cis-retinal, which under...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Okada T,Fujiyoshi Y,Silow M,Navarro J,Landau EM,Shichida Y

更新日期：2002-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies in experimental animals and humans have stressed the role of the cerebellum in motor skill learning. Yet, the relative importance of the cerebellar cortex and deep nuclei, as well as the nature of the dynamic functional changes occurring between these and other motor-related structures during learning, remains...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Doyon J,Song AW,Karni A,Lalonde F,Adams MM,Ungerleider LG

更新日期：2002-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The ribonucleotide reductase system of Escherichia coli B participates in the biosynthesis of DNA by reducing ribonucleoside diphosphates to the corresponding deoxyribonucleotides. The enzyme is regulated in a complicated way by allosteric modifiers. We now find that infection of E. coli with the bacteriophage T4 resu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berglund O,Karlström O,Reichard P

更新日期：1969-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) is a P-type ATPase that transports Ca2+ from the cytosol into the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum (SR/ER) lumen, driven by ATP. This primary transport activity depends on tight coupling between movements of the transmembrane helices forming the two Ca2+-binding sites a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Geurts MMG,Clausen JD,Arnou B,Montigny C,Lenoir G,Corey RA,Jaxel C,Møller JV,Nissen P,Andersen JP,le Maire M,Bublitz M

更新日期：2020-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Mesophyll protoplasts of Lycopersicon esculentum were treated with iodoacetamide to inactivate mitochondria, and protoplasts of Solanum acaule and Solanum tuberosum were irradiated with gamma- or x-rays to inactivate nuclei. Mixtures of protoplasts thus modified were treated with Ca2+ and polyethylene glycol to obtain...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Melchers G,Mohri Y,Watanabe K,Wakabayashi S,Harada K

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter is regulated by steroid hormones through a hormone-responsive region that is organized in a positioned nucleosome. Hormone induction leads to a structural change of this nucleosome which makes its DNA more sensitive to cleavage by DNase I and enables simultaneous binding o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bartsch J,Truss M,Bode J,Beato M

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Triose-phosphate isomerase (TPI; D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate ketol-isomerase, EC 5.3.1.1) deficiency is a recessive disorder that results in hemolytic anemia and neuromuscular dysfunction. To determine the molecular basis of this disorder, a TPI allele from two unrelated patients homozygous for TPI deficiency was com...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Daar IO,Artymiuk PJ,Phillips DC,Maquat LE

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The heterogeneous RNA of the HeLa cell nucleus contains short internal poly(A) sequences which, in contrast to the longer poly(A) sequences at the 3' ends, are not found in messenger RNA of the cytoplasm. A distinct origin for each of these homologous sequences is evident when the effects of actinomycin D and 3'-deoxy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakazato H,Edmonds M,Kopp DW

更新日期：1974-01-01 00:00:00