Abstract:
:The promise of atomic (scanning) force microscopy (AFM) for cardiovascular research is enormous. The AFM images by using a sharp cantilever tip to sense the repulsive and attractive forces between the tip and the sample surface. The force of interaction is kept constant while raster scanning, resulting in images of the surface contours with molecular and, on hard inorganic surfaces, even atomic resolution. Movement of the cantilever in the Z plane is detected by a laser beam reflected off the cantilever to a photodiode system, a piezotube allows an X and Y raster, and a three-dimensional image results. Its capabilities include: (1) the three-dimensional imaging of membranes and biomolecules with molecular and submolecular resolution; (2) such imaging not only of dry specimens but of specimens in a physiologic solution, thereby allowing the investigation of dynamic processes in both viable biomolecules and living cells; (3) the sensing of charge and intermolecular interaction forces; (4) the chemical or biochemical modification of the cantilever tip, which allows the identification of specific structures and the measurement of specific interactions (e.g., a ligand-receptor interaction); (5) nanometer control of the position and force of the cantilever, which, in turn, allows the physical manipulation of biomolecules, the dissection of biological structures (e.g., the separation of one gap junctional hemichannel from its neighbor, thereby revealing normally inaccessible surfaces), the delivery of ligands, drugs, or other materials to specific locations, and the precise measurement of interacting forces at specific sites; and (6) the modification of the apparatus by adding complementary methodologies (e.g., magnetic resonance imaging, fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy, and perhaps electrophysiology). AFM, however, is only now being applied to biological research, many technical and methodologic problems exist, and a number of them are considered in this review. Little work has been done in cardiovascular research and the purpose of this review is to introduce this new and exciting approach to investigation.
journal_name
J Cardiovasc Electrophysioljournal_title
Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiologyauthors
Arnsdorf MF,Xu Sdoi
10.1111/j.1540-8167.1996.tb00572.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-07-01 00:00:00pages
639-52issue
7eissn
1045-3873issn
1540-8167journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Radiofrequency (RF) ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) has high failure rates. Whether endocavitary structures (ECS) such as the papillary muscles (PMs), moderator bands (MBs), or false tendons (FTs) impact VT ablation is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS:We retrospectively reviewed records of 190 consecu...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2009.01621.x
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In vitro studies and ambulatory ECG recordings from the MERLIN TIMI-36 clinical trial suggest that the novel antianginal agent ranolazine may have the potential to suppress atrial arrhythmias. However, there are no reports of effects of ranolazine on atrial electrophysiologic properties in large intact ani...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2009.01437.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to assess how well acute procedural outcomes predict the clinical outcome of catheter ablation of premature ventricular complexes (PVCs). METHODS:A consecutive series of 50 patients (28 women, age: 51 ± 13 years) with frequent PVCs was referred for PVC ablation. Acute failure w...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jce.12400
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The optimal recording technique of the electrogram voltage for detecting abnormal atrial tissue remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of various recording techniques on the electrogram voltage after the delivery of ablation therapy in the human right atrium (RA). MATERIAL AND METH...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2007.00803.x
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are proven to prevent sudden death in patients at elevated risk for sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. Complications related to ICD failure can stem from lead dysfunction, manufacturing defects, patient characteristics, or implantation techniqu...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jce.14523
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A novel magnetic navigation system allows remote guidance of floppy radiofrequency (RF) ablation catheters. We evaluated the feasibility of mapping and ablation of left-sided accessory pathways (APs) using the retrograde transaortic approach with this system. This might open the gate to retrograde ablation...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2007.00783.x
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrical instability of the heart has numerous congenital origins. This review approaches the problems from a morphological standpoint, utilizing selected examples from my own studies of the human cardiac conduction system performed during the last three decades. Subjects discussed include multifocal Purkinje cell t...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.1993.tb01256.x
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The objective of this study was to determine whether the effect of isoproterenol (Iso) to increase L-type Ca2+ current [I(Ca(L))] and action potential duration (APD) was potentiated in ventricular myocytes following termination of an exposure of these cells to acetylcholine (ACh), and whether this potentia...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.1998.tb00959.x
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The mechanism of complex fractionated atrial electrogram (CFAE) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains controversial. This study investigated the relationship between CFAE and left atrial (LA) wall thickness. METHODS AND RESULTS:LA muscular wall thickness (excluding fat) was measured by cardiac...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jce.12473
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 28-year-old man presented with progressive fatigue. Physical examination and ECG revealed severe sinus bradycardia. Echocardiography showed features of noncompaction cardiomyopathy and moderate aortic valve regurgitation. We hypothesized that the chronic volume overload exaggerated by prolonged diastole due to the b...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2009.01704.x
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The right inferior pulmonary vein (RIPV) accounts as the most frequently reconnected vein after pulmonary vein isolation using second-generation cryoballoon ablation (CB-A). Our objective was to assess anatomic predictors of late RIPV reconnection based on preprocedural computed tomography scan. METHODS:P...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jce.14186
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Two randomized trials (Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial [MADIT] and Multicenter Unsustained Tachycardia Trial [MUSTT]) suggest that implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) placement is associated with improved survival in patients with coronary artery disease, depressed left vent...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1540-8167.2002.00342.x
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Focal ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) have been reported to arise from the posterior papillary muscle in the left ventricle (LV). We report a distinct subgroup of idiopathic VAs arising from the anterior papillary muscle (APM) in the LV. METHODS AND RESULTS:We studied 432 consecutive patients undergoing cat...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2009.01448.x
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Open irrigation during radiofrequency (RF) application allows a higher power delivery in the setting of temperature-controlled ablation, without causing blood clots. This study sought to evaluate the clinical value of the additional 6 supplementary channels at the proximal catheter tip compared to a standa...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2010.01945.x
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Unfortunately, some patients with long QT syndrome (LQTS) experience breakthrough cardiac events (BCEs) despite maximal therapy. Small studies have shown that refractory LQTS cases may benefit from intentional permanent atrial pacing (IPAP). As such, we sought to determine the genotype-specific utilization a...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jce.14920
更新日期:2021-01-29 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We sought to systematically investigate the role of the ligament of Marshall (LOM) and inferior left ganglionated plexi (ILGP) in modulating electrophysiological functions. METHODS:The following structures were exposed in 36 dogs: (1) LOM, (2) superior left GP (SLGP) near the junction of left superior pulmo...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2008.01315.x
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Wearable cardioverter-defibrillator (WCD) is recommended for patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) removal. This study aimed to investigate the potential cost-effectiveness of WCD for patients with ICD explant in a high-income city of China. METHODS AND RESULTS:A 5-year decision-analy...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jce.14153
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) currently relies on eliminating triggers, and no reliable method exists to map the arrhythmia itself to identify ablation targets. The aim of this multicenter study was to define the use of Focal Impulse and Rotor Modulation (FIRM) for identifying ablation targ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/jce.12000
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The measurement of microvolt level T wave alternans (TWA) is a technique for detecting arrhythmia vulnerability. Previous studies demonstrated that the magnitude of TWA is dependent on heart rate. However, the effects of antiarrhythmic drugs on TWA are unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS:This was a prospective e...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.1999.tb00241.x
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite many years of research, the mechanisms of atrial fibrillation (AF) are still poorly understood, and we currently are unable to adequately treat most patients with AF. Recently, the demonstration in both human and animal studies that the pulmonary veins (PVs) and the posterior left atrial (LA) wall play a subst...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.03136.x
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:We assessed findings in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) as predictors of ventricular tachycardia (VT) after myocardial infarction (MI), which could allow for more precise identification of patients at risk of sudden cardiac death. METHODS:Forty-eight patients after prior MI were enrolled and divided into...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jce.14461
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:A male patient with an atriofascicular pathway underwent catheter ablation of the atriofascicular pathway during atrial fibrillation. METHODS AND RESULTS:The patient had preexcited atrial fibrillation both clinically and repeatedly during electrophysiologic study. A preexcited tachycardia with a 1:1 AV re...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.1994.tb01123.x
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Despite the importance of neurogenic initiation of rapid firing from pulmonary veins (PVs), the mechanism of autonomic modulation of electrophysiological properties of the PV myocardium to form a substrate for atrial arrhythmia remains poorly understood. METHODS AND RESULTS:A 2-microelectrode technique wa...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jce.12738
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This commentary discusses two techniques commonly used to analyze clinical trials: subgroup analysis and meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis is used to evaluate the consistency of a treatment across multiple groups, usually within a clinical trial. Subgroup analysis often is used to generate or test an hypothesis about r...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1540-8167.14.s9.1.x
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Atrial fibrillation (AF) in the left atrium (LA) is poorly defined in terms of regional differences in the degree of organization, characteristics of paroxysmal and persistent variants, and electrophysiologic events that develop at the onset of episodes. METHODS AND RESULTS:The study population consisted ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1540-8167.2002.00525.x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) is becoming an essential component of the successful management of patients with structural heart disease and refractory ventricular arrhythmias. Despite detailed mapping and ablation from the endocardium, nearly a third of VT circuits remain inaccessible. Pericardial...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2008.01427.x
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Close association between atrial fibrillation (AF) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been demonstrated by several studies. Important gender differences exist in AF patients including a higher plasma BNP level in women. Therefore, it is imperative to evaluate the relationship between AF and BNP separate...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2011.02036.x
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Torsades de pointes have been observed during treatment with droperidol, a butyrophenone neuroleptic agent. Our objectives were (1) to characterize the effects of droperidol on cardiac repolarization and (2) to evaluate effects of droperidol on a major time-dependent outward potassium current involved in c...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.1999.tb00224.x
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to expanding clinical indications and an aging society there has been an increase in the use of implantable pacemakers. At the same time, due to increased diagnostic yield over other imaging modalities and the absence of ionizing radiation, there has been a surge in demand for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) asse...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/jce.12238
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:High recurrence rate is still a major problem associated with ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Most of the recurrences occur within 6 months after ablation. The characteristics of very late recurrent AF (>12 months after ablation) have not been reported. METHODS AND RESULTS:Two hundred sev...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.03047.x
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00