Abstract:
:A minizyme is a hammerhead ribozyme with short oligonucleotide linkers instead of stem-loop II. In a previous study we demonstrated that a minizyme with high activity forms a dimeric structure with a common stem II. Because of their dimeric structure, minizymes are potentially capable of cleaving a substrate at two different sites simultaneously. In order to examine the properties of different kinds of minizyme, we constructed a number of minizymes with short oligonucleotide linkers (2-5 bases) instead of stem-loop II and examined their cleavage activities against HIV-1 tat mRNA. Analyses of melting curves, as well as Arrhenius plots, revealed that, in general, the longer the oligonucleotide linkers, the more stable and more active were the dimer minizymes. All minizymes examined cleaved the target substrate at two sites simultaneously. The activity of the dimer minizyme with a 5 nt linker was higher than that of the parental hammerhead ribozyme because the latter full-sized ribozyme was able to cleave at one site only.
journal_name
Nucleic Acids Resjournal_title
Nucleic acids researchauthors
Kuwabara T,Amontov SV,Warashina M,Ohkawa J,Taira Kdoi
10.1093/nar/24.12.2302subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-06-15 00:00:00pages
2302-10issue
12eissn
0305-1048issn
1362-4962pii
6w0040journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Microsatellites, such as (TG)n found at random throughout the genome, or as 3' extensions of Alu sequences are being increasingly used as genetic markers because of their pluriallelic character. The search for polymorphic microsatellites is time consuming, however, as it is necessary to sequence clones containing the ...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/20.6.1333
更新日期:1992-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::RNase J is a conserved ribonuclease that belongs to the β-CASP family of nucleases. It possesses both endo- and exo-ribonuclease activities, which play a key role in pre-rRNA maturation and mRNA decay. Here we report high-resolution crystal structures of Deinococcus radiodurans RNase J complexed with RNA or uridine 5'...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkv444
更新日期:2015-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::The rat beta-casein gene is a member of a small gene family, encoding the principal milk proteins. In order to understand the mechanisms by which its stage- and tissue-specific expression are regulated, initially, a 14 kb genomic clone containing the entire 7.5 kb rat beta-casein gene with 3.5 kb of 5' and 3.0 kb of 3...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/16.3.1027
更新日期:1988-02-11 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression profiling has gradually become a routine procedure for disease diagnosis and classification. In the past decade, many computational methods have been proposed, resulting in great improvements on various levels, including feature selection and algorithms for classification and clustering. In this study,...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkt343
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotic genomes contain many endogenous retroviral sequences (ERVs). ERVs are often severely mutated, therefore difficult to detect. A platform independent (Java) program package, RetroTector (ReTe), was constructed. It has three basic modules: (i) detection of candidate long terminal repeats (LTRs), (ii) detection...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkm515
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over millions of years the structure and complexity of the transcriptional regulatory network (TRN) in bacteria has changed, reorganized and enabled them to adapt to almost every environmental niche on earth. In order to understand the plasticity of TRNs in bacteria, we studied the conservation of currently known TRNs...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkl423
更新日期:2006-07-13 00:00:00
abstract::Phylogenetic analysis of Y-family DNA polymerases suggests that it can be subdivided into several discrete branches consisting of UmuC/DinB/Rev1/Rad30/Rad30A and Rad30B. The most diverse is the DinB family that is found in all three kingdoms of life. Searches of the complete genome of the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfa...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/29.22.4607
更新日期:2001-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The k-junction is a structural motif in RNA comprising a three-way helical junction based upon kink turn (k-turn) architecture. A computer program written to examine relative helical orientation identified the three-way junction of the Arabidopsis TPP riboswitch as an elaborated k-turn. The Escherichia coli TPP ribosw...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gku144
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::KU is a heterodimer, consisting of approximately 70 and approximately 80 kDa subunits (KU70 and KU80, respectively), which is involved in a variety of nuclear functions. We generated tbKU80-deficient trypanosomes to explore the potential role of the tbKU complex in telomere maintenance and transcriptional regulation o...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkh991
更新日期:2004-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Yeast co-expressing rat APOBEC-1 and a fragment of human apolipoprotein B (apoB) mRNA assembled functional editosomes and deaminated C6666 to U in a mooring sequence-dependent fashion. The occurrence of APOBEC-1-complementing proteins suggested a naturally occurring mRNA editing mechanism in yeast. Previously, a hidde...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/29.8.1772
更新日期:2001-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial tyrosine-kinases share no resemblance with their eukaryotic counterparts and they have been unified in a new protein family named BY-kinases. These enzymes have been shown to control several biological functions in the bacterial cells. In recent years biochemical studies, sequence analyses and structure reso...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkr915
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have assessed the ability of nucleosomes to influence the formation of mammalian topoisomerase II-DNA complexes by mapping the sites of cleavage induced by four unrelated topoisomerase II inhibitors in naked versus nucleosome-reconstituted SV40 DNA. DNA fragments were reconstituted with histone octamers from HeLa c...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/18.15.4553
更新日期:1990-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::Nematode.net (http://nematode.net) is a publicly available resource dedicated to the study of parasitic nematodes. In 2000, the Genome Center at Washington University (GC) joined a consortium including the Nematode Genomics group in Edinburgh, and the Pathogen Sequencing Unit of the Sanger Institute to generate expres...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkn744
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Deciphering the Mechanisms of Developmental Disorders (DMDD) consortium is a research programme set up to identify genes in the mouse, which if mutated (or knocked-out) result in embryonic lethality when homozygous, and initiate the study of why disruption of their function has such profound effects on embryo deve...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1138
更新日期:2016-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Structural changes of reconstituted SV 40 minichromosomes have been studied in relation to the salt concentration and addition of histone H1 by sedimentation and electron microscopy. Sedimentation data are represented as functions of the NaCl concentration and the Debye-Hückel electrostatic screening radius 1/alpha. T...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/6.11.3581
更新日期:1979-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Conflicts between replication and transcription challenge chromosome duplication. Escherichia coli replisome movement along transcribed DNA is promoted by Rep and UvrD accessory helicases with Δrep ΔuvrD cells being inviable under rapid growth conditions. We have discovered that mutations in a tRNA gene, aspT, in an a...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkw1254
更新日期:2017-03-17 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenic bacteria encounter host-imposed manganese (Mn) limitation during infection. Herein we report that in the human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes, the adaptive response to Mn limitation is controlled by a DtxR family metalloregulator, MtsR. Genes upregulated by MtsR during Mn limitation include Mn (mtsABC) and...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkz524
更新日期:2019-08-22 00:00:00
abstract::Expansions of (GAA)n repeats within the first intron of the frataxin gene reduce its expression, resulting in a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder, Friedreich's ataxia. While it is generally believed that expanded (GAA)n repeats block transcription elongation, fine mechanisms responsible for gene repression are not...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkl1140
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA-damage response machinery is crucial to maintain the genomic integrity of cells, by enabling effective repair of even highly lethal lesions such as DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Defects in specific genes acquired through mutations, copy-number alterations or epigenetic changes can alter the balance of these pat...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/nar/gku284
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Holliday junctions (four-way DNA junctions), formed during homologous recombination, are bound and resolved by junction-specific endonucleases to yield recombinant duplex DNA products. The junction-resolving enzymes are a structurally diverse class of proteins that nevertheless have many properties in common; in parti...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/26.24.5609
更新日期:1998-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have used gel retardation analysis to show that human DNA topoisomerase IIbeta can bind a 40 bp linear duplex containing a single DNA topoisomerase IIbeta cleavage site. Furthermore, we demonstrate for the first time that human DNA topoisomerase IIbeta binds to four-way junction DNA. This supports previous suggesti...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/27.4.984
更新日期:1999-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::A vector system is presented that allows generation of E. coli co-expression clones by a standardized, robust cloning procedure. The number of co-expressed proteins is not limited. Five 'pQLink' vectors for expression of His-tag and GST-tag fusion proteins as well as untagged proteins and for cloning by restriction en...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkm067
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The multifunctional RNA-dependent RNA polymerase L protein of vesicular stomatitis virus catalyzes unconventional pre-mRNA capping via the covalent enzyme-pRNA intermediate formation, which requires the histidine-arginine (HR) motif in the polyribonucleotidyltransferase domain. Here, the effects of cap-defective mutat...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gku901
更新日期:2014-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Although a vast amount of life sciences data is generated in the form of images, most scientists still store images on extremely diverse and often incompatible storage media, without any type of metadata structure, and thus with no standard facility with which to conduct searches or analyses. Here we present a solutio...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/29.1.336
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::NELF and DSIF act together to inhibit transcription elongation in vitro, and are implicated in causing promoter proximal pausing on the hsp70 gene in Drosophila. Here, further characterization of Drosophila NELF is provided. Drosophila NELF has four subunits similar to subunits of human NELF. The amino acid sequences ...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gki274
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We demonstrate a single DNA molecule optical mapping assay able to resolve a specific Escherichia coli strain from other strains. The assay is based on competitive binding of the fluorescent dye YOYO-1 and the AT-specific antibiotic netropsin. The optical map is visualized by stretching the DNA molecules in nanofluidi...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gku556
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The class II genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encode a family of cell surface glycoproteins that present processed antigen to the T cell receptor. Class II genes are regulated coordinately, responding to both immunologic and developmental signals. Conserved sequence elements 5' to class II genes hav...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/19.6.1243
更新日期:1991-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the unique features of an aberrantly rearranged mu immunoglobulin heavy chain gene isolated from MPC-11 cells (a gamma 2b producing Balb/c plasmacytoma). A novel rearrangement has occurred 1.5 Kb 5' of the MPC-11 mu gene (denoted 18b mu) resulting in the deletion of the majority of the repetitive switch re...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/10.23.7751
更新日期:1982-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Population-scale sequencing is increasingly uncovering large numbers of rare single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in coding regions of the genome. The rarity of these variants makes it challenging to evaluate their deleteriousness with conventional phenotype-genotype associations. Protein structures provide a way of addr...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/gkw927
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the effect of selenium on the expression of a cellular glutathione peroxidase, GSHPx-1, in transfected MCF-7 cells and in doxorubicin-resistant (Adrr) MCF-7 cells. A GSHPx-1 cDNA with a Rous Sarcoma virus promoter was transfected into a human mammary carcinoma cell line, MCF-7, which has very low endog...
journal_title:Nucleic acids research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/nar/18.6.1531
更新日期:1990-03-25 00:00:00