Carbamazepine overdose. Features of 33 cases.

Abstract:

:Review of the medical records of 2 major adult teaching hospitals for a 4-year period revealed 33 instances of carbamazepine overdose. These patients had a mean age of 30 years and 58% were known epileptics. They ingested a mean of 12g carbamazepine (range 1.6 to 45g), with 51% of cases involving other drugs, particularly alcohol. The clinical manifestations of toxicity formed a recognisable clinical picture of diminished conscious state (100% of patients), mydriasis (42%), abnormal muscle tone and tendon reflexes (55%) and ataxia, nystagmus or ophthalmoplegia (48%). 24% of cases were complicated by seizures. The incidence of hyperglycaemia and hypokalaemia were related to higher drug concentrations. 12% showed hyponatraemia and 50% had transient evidence of hepatic dysfunction. The pharmacokinetic properties of carbamazepine play a role in determining management strategies. Management is largely supportive through avoidance of drug interactions, large doses of activated charcoal, careful airway management and correction of electrolyte disturbances.

journal_name

Drug Saf

journal_title

Drug safety

authors

Seymour JF

doi

10.2165/00002018-199308010-00010

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1993-01-01 00:00:00

pages

81-8

issue

1

eissn

0114-5916

issn

1179-1942

journal_volume

8

pub_type

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