Glutamate in some retinal neurons is derived solely from glia.

abstract：:Using spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion cell cultures, we have studied the immuno-histochemical distribution of several peptide products of the dynorphin gene. With antibody directed toward the midregion of dynorphin A, peptide-immunoreactivity was found exclusively in the cell bodies of spinal cord neurons. Antibo...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Sweetnam PM,Wrathall JR,Neale JH

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GABAergic neurons are coextensive with cholinergic neurons in the medial septum-diagonal band complex. Serial sectioning, sequential staining and double immunofluorescence techniques employing antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase and choline acetyltransferase revealed the distribution of these transmitter-specific ne...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Brashear HR,Zaborszky L,Heimer L

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The central nervous system responds to diverse neurologic injuries with a vigorous activation of astrocytes. While this phenomenon is found in many different species, its function is obscure. Understanding the molecular profile characteristic of reactive astrocytes should help define their function. The purpose of thi...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Eddleston M,Mucke L

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Executive control requires behavioral adaptation to environmental contingencies. In the stop signal task (SST), participants exhibit slower go trial reaction time (RT) following a stop trial, whether or not they successfully interrupt the motor response. In previous fMRI studies, we demonstrated activation of the righ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Zhang Y,Ide JS,Zhang S,Hu S,Valchev NS,Tang X,Li CR

更新日期：2017-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the presenilin 1 and 2 genes cause the majority of early onset familial forms of Alzheimer's disease. Here we describe the biochemical and immunohistochemical characterization of calsenilin, a novel calcium binding protein that we have previously shown to interact with presenilins 1 and 2, in mouse brain....

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Zaidi NF,Berezovska O,Choi EK,Miller JS,Chan H,Lilliehook C,Hyman BT,Buxbaum JD,Wasco W

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polycytosine-binding proteins (PCBPs) are RNA-binding proteins that participate in post-transcriptional control pathways. Among the diverse functions of these proteins is the interaction with a 27 nucleotide pyrimidine-rich domain within the 3'UTR of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA. Mutations to this domain result in d...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Boschi NM,Takeuchi K,Sterling C,Tank AW

更新日期：2015-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Alternative splicing is an important mechanism for expanding proteome diversity from a limited number of genes, especially in higher vertebrates. Brain-specific splicing factors play an important role in establishing specific patterns of alternative splicing in the brain and thereby contribute to its complex architect...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Jelen N,Ule J,Zivin M

更新日期：2010-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The globus pallidus sends a significant GABAergic projection to the thalamic reticular nucleus. Because pallidal neurons express D4-dopamine receptors, we have explored their presence on pallidoreticular terminals by studying the effect of dopamine and D4-receptor agonists on the GABAergic transmission in the thalamic...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Gasca-Martinez D,Hernandez A,Sierra A,Valdiosera R,Anaya-Martinez V,Floran B,Erlij D,Aceves J

更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuroprotective role of 17β-estradiol is well known; however, its mechanism of action remains unclear. In the present study, we applied light-induced apoptosis on the Sprague-Dawley rat retina to determine the neuroprotective effect of intravitreal administration of 17β-estradiol on retinal neurons and to demonstr...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Mo MS,Li HB,Wang BY,Wang SL,Zhu ZL,Yu XR

更新日期：2013-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Classic neurotransmitter phenotypes are generally predetermined and develop as a consequence of target-independent lineage decisions. A unique mode of target-dependent phenotype instruction is the acquisition of the cholinergic phenotype in the peripheral sympathetic nervous system. A body of work suggests that the sw...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Schütz B,von Engelhardt J,Gördes M,Schäfer MK,Eiden LE,Monyer H,Weihe E

更新日期：2008-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Zinc plays an important role in synaptic signaling in the mammalian cerebral cortex. Zinc is sequestered into presynaptic vesicles of subpopulations of glutamatergic neurons and is released by depolarization, in a calcium-dependent manner. As the majority of mechanisms that have been suggested to participate in experi...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Brown CE,Dyck RH

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A mechanomyographic response of the hind foot to passive straightening and bending, as well as an electromyographic activity of the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles were recorded in old (35-44-month-old) and young female rats. In old rats, spontaneous, tonic electromyographic activity patterns were concurre...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Ossowska K,Schulze G,Wolfarth S,Coper H,Kaminska A,Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz I

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two radial maze tasks, random foraging and delayed spatial win-shift, have been used to investigate, in rats, the functions and inter-relationships of structures connected through the corticostriatal loops, such as the prelimbic cortex, nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum and mediodorsal thalamus. The random foraging ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Keating GL,Winn P

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), a site for the integration of both the neuroendocrine and autonomic systems, has heterogeneous cell composition. These neurons are classified into type I and type II neurons based on their electrophysiological properties. In the present study, we investigated the molecul...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Lee SK,Lee S,Shin SY,Ryu PD,Lee SY

更新日期：2012-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Large-scale transcriptome analysis in the brain is a powerful approach to identify novel genes of potential interest toward understanding cerebral organization and function. We utilized the microarray technology to measure expression levels of about 24,000 genes and expressed sequence tags in mouse hippocampus, fronta...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Ghate A,Befort K,Becker JA,Filliol D,Bole-Feysot C,Demebele D,Jost B,Koch M,Kieffer BL

更新日期：2007-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Synucleinopathies including Parkinson's disease (PD) are characterized by the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) within neural cell bodies and their processes. Transgenic mice overexpressing human wild-type or mutant forms of α-syn under the control of different promoters were developed to analyse the underlying ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： May VE,Nuber S,Marxreiter F,Riess O,Winner B,Winkler J

更新日期：2012-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Ciliary neurotrophic factor is known to exert both survival and differentiative actions on a number of neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems. In this study we have compared the trophic effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor on developing septal neurons of the rat in...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Kew JN,Sofroniew MV

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The goal of this research was to examine the effect of preconception paternal stress (PPS) on the subsequent neurodevelopment and behavior of male and female offspring. Prenatal (gestational) stress has been shown to alter brain morphology in the developing brain, and is presumed to be a factor in the development of s...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Harker A,Raza S,Williamson K,Kolb B,Gibb R

更新日期：2015-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated immunohistochemically the cellular localization of multifunctional type II Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase in the rat basal ganglia and intrastriatal grafts derived from fetal striatal primordia, in comparison with that of calcineurin, a reliable marker for striatal medium-sized spinous neuron...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Goto S,Yamada K,Oyama T,Korematsu K,Nagahiro S,Ushio Y,Fukunaga K,Miyamoto E,Hofer W

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously observed that migraine attacks impervious to triptan therapy were readily terminated by subsequent i.v. administration of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ketorolac. Since such attacks were associated with periorbital allodynia--a symptom of central sensitization--we examined whether...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Jakubowski M,Levy D,Kainz V,Zhang XC,Kosaras B,Burstein R

更新日期：2007-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro receptor autoradiography was used to localize, quantify and characterize [125I-Tyr8]bradykinin binding sites in all major spinal cord segments of normal rats and animals subjected to various chemical treatments and surgical lesions. [125I-Tyr8]bradykinin specific binding sites were predominantly located to su...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Lopes P,Kar S,Chrétien L,Regoli D,Quirion R,Couture R

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Undifferentiated PC12 cells undergo apoptosis, via a calcium-induced calcium release mechanism, when the calcium-binding protein purified from bovine brain (native S100) is present in micromolar concentration in the medium. This process begins when S100 binds to specific membrane binding sites and involves up to 50% o...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Fulle S,Mariggiò MA,Belia S,Petrelli C,Ballarini P,Guarnieri S,Fanò G

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An odorant's code is represented by activity in a dispersed ensemble of olfactory sensory neurons in the nose, activation of a specific combination of groups of mitral cells in the olfactory bulb and is considered to be mapped at divergent locations in the olfactory cortex. We present here an in vitro model of the mam...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Markopoulos F,Neubauer FB,Berger T,Scotti AL

更新日期：2008-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The sixth lumbar and first sacral spinal cord segments in the rat contain parasympathetic preganglionic neurons which innervate the pelvic viscera. There have been few studies, however, which have specifically considered the distribution of putative peptide neurotransmitters in these cord segments. The present paper d...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Sasek CA,Seybold VS,Elde RP

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Opiate addiction is a chronic medical disorder characterized by drug tolerance and dependence, behavioral sensitization, vulnerability to compulsive relapse, and high mortality. In laboratory animals, the potential effect of opiate drugs to induce cell death by apoptosis is a controversial topic. This postmortem human...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： García-Fuster MJ,Ramos-Miguel A,Rivero G,La Harpe R,Meana JJ,García-Sevilla JA

更新日期：2008-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Several lines of evidence indicate that L-glutamate may be a neurotransmitter of fine myelinated and unmyelinated primary afferent fibres in the spinal cord. The aim of the present study was to determine if L-glutamate was enriched in the terminals of these fibres. We performed the post-embedding immunogold technique ...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Maxwell DJ,Christie WM,Short AD,Storm-Mathisen J,Ottersen OP

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The radioligands [3H]SCH 23390 and [3H]spiroperidol were used to label dopamine D1 and D2 receptors, respectively, in rat brain slices. Striatal sections were incubated in one of various concentrations of radioligand in the presence or absence of (+)-butaclamol and the resulting labeling was determined by liquid scint...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Bardo MT,Hammer RP Jr

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluate a novel set-up for scanning functional connectivity in brain slices from the somatosensory cortex of the rat. Upright infrared video microscopy for targeted placement of electrodes is combined with rapid photolysis of bath-applied caged neurotransmitter induced by a xenon flash lamp. Flash photolysis of ca...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Kötter R,Staiger JF,Zilles K,Luhmann HJ

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several experimental models of peripheral neuropathy show that a significant upregulation of spinal dynorphin A and its precursor peptide, prodynorphin, is a common consequence of nerve injury. A genetically modified mouse strain lacking prodynorphin does not exhibit sustained neuropathic pain after nerve injury, supp...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Gardell LR,Ibrahim M,Wang R,Wang Z,Ossipov MH,Malan TP Jr,Porreca F,Lai J

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes synaptic plasticity via an enhancement in expression of specific synaptic proteins. Recent results suggest that the neuronal monocarboxylate transporter MCT2 is a postsynaptic protein critically involved in synaptic plasticity and long-term memory. To investigate in vi...

journal_title：Neuroscience

authors： Robinet C,Pellerin L

更新日期：2011-09-29 00:00:00