Abstract:
:Selected events in rhinovirus infection of the normal human airway can be regarded as occurring sequentially. Initial steps in rhinovirus pathogenesis are believed to include viral entry into the nose, mucociliary transport of virus to the posterior pharynx, and initiation of infection in ciliated and non-ciliated epithelial cells of the upper airway. Viral replication peaks on average within 48 h of initiation of infection and persists for up to 3 wk. Infection is followed by activation of several inflammatory mechanisms, which may include release or generation of interleukins, bradykinins, prostaglandins, and possibly histamine and stimulation of parasympathetic reflexes. Pathophysiologic processes are initiated, which include vasodilatation of nasal blood vessels, transudation of plasma, glandular secretion, and stimulation of nerve fibers, causing pain and triggering sneeze and cough reflexes. The resultant clinical illness is a rhinosinusitis, pharyngitis, and bronchitis, which, on average, lasts 1 wk.
journal_name
Am J Respir Crit Care Medauthors
Gwaltney JM Jrdoi
10.1164/ajrccm/152.4_Pt_2.S36subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-10-01 00:00:00pages
S36-9issue
4 Pt 2eissn
1073-449Xissn
1535-4970journal_volume
152pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Fibrosing alveolitis may occur alone (CFA) or in association with systemic sclerosis (FASSc). FASSc was recently shown to have a prognostic advantage over CFA. Because interleukin-8 (IL-8) is likely to be a major determinant of neutrophil alveolitis, we evaluated IL-8 expression in patients with CFA and FASSc and comp...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.5.7735620
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK-1) plays a central role in TLR2- and TLR4-induced activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, a critical event in the transcriptional regulation of many sepsis-associated proinflammatory mediators. There are two haplotypes for the IRAK-1 gene in Caucasians, with the var...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200603-341OC
更新日期:2006-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Observation of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) in whole lung specimens from healthy nonsmoking adults has questioned the hypothesis that BALT is not constitutively present in healthy adult human lungs. In our study, we investigated endobronchial biopsies of the second- and third-generation carinae from 44 c...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.2.9711012
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) may arise in individuals on treatment for multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB. Preventing this amplification of resistance will likely improve clinical outcomes and delay the secondary spread of XDR-TB. OBJECTIVES:To measure the proportion of individuals that devel...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200911-1768OC
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The acute respiratory distress syndrome is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), a ligand for the endothelial Tie2 receptor, is an endothelial survival and vascular stabilization factor that reduces endothelial permeability and inhibits leukocyte-en...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200609-1370OC
更新日期:2007-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::We examined endotoxin exposure and wheezing episodes during the first year of life in a birth cohort of 499 infants with one or both parents having a history of asthma or allergy. We measured endotoxin in settled dust from the baby's bed, bedroom floor, family room, and kitchen floor within the first 3 mo after birth....
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.163.2.2002088
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Airway pathology has been extensively investigated in adulthood asthma, whereas only few studies examined bronchial biopsies in childhood asthma. To evaluate the airway pathology in children with asthma, we analyzed bronchial biopsies obtained from 23 children undergoing bronchoscopy for clinical indications other tha...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200305-650OC
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mechanical ventilation may promote overdistension-induced pulmonary lesions in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The static pressure-volume (P-V) curve of the respiratory system can be used to determine the lung volume and corresponding static airway pressure at which lung compliance begins to ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.152.1.7599810
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the leading causes of gram-negative ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) associated with a mortality rate of 34 to 68%. Recent evidence suggests that P. aeruginosa in patients with VAP may persist in the alveolar space despite adequate antimicrobial therapy. We hypothesized t...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200802-239OC
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Innate immune responses marked by increases in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α have been associated with asthma but whether such alterations are evident before symptoms is not yet clear. OBJECTIVES:To determine if prevalence of childhood asthma or asthma-related traits is predicted by perinatal innate immune s...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201207-1265OC
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Conversion from a negative to positive QuantiFERON-TB test is indicative of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, which predisposes individuals to tuberculosis disease. Interpretation of serial tests is confounded by immunological and technical variability. OBJECTIVES:To improve the consistency of seri...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201704-0817OC
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common and progressive disease that is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. For many years, knowledge of the genetic basis of COPD was limited to Mendelian syndromes, such as alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and cutis laxa, caused by rare genetic variant...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/rccm.201808-1455SO
更新日期:2019-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Although research supports a sleep-disordered breathing and atrial fibrillation association, prospective data examining sleep-disordered breathing predicting incident atrial fibrillation are lacking. OBJECTIVES:To investigate sleep-disordered breathing indices as predictors of incident atrial fibrillation. ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1164/rccm.201508-1523OC
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can be curative in patients with certain malignancies, survival is poor if the recipient becomes critically ill. This prospective study examined the outcomes of 115 consecutive HSCT patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit (MICU) of a tertiary cancer ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.3.9711076
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycoplasma pulmonis infection in rats causes a chronic inflammatory airway disease. Along with extensive remodeling of the airway mucosa, lymphocytic infiltrates, angiogenesis, and mucosal thickening, there is an abnormal sensitivity of the blood vessels to mediators that evoke "neurogenic inflammation". As a result, ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.150.5.7524980
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is a bronchoscopic treatment for severe asthma targeting airway smooth muscle (ASM). Observational studies have shown ASM mass reduction after BT, but appropriate control groups are lacking. Furthermore, as treatment response is variable, identifying optimal candidates for BT tre...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201911-2298OC
更新日期:2021-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Humans exhibit an acute inflammatory response in the lungs after controlled laboratory exposure to ozone. The present study was designed to test whether biomarkers of inflammation are detectable in humans exposed to ozone and associated copollutants under natural conditions outdoors. Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.154.5.8912760
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bronchial dehiscence after lung transplantation is difficult to treat and associated with high mortality. We describe our experience using self-expanding metallic stents to treat post-lung transplant bronchial dehiscence. From January 1995 to June 2004, 189 single and 118 double lung transplants were performed in our ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200410-1388OC
更新日期:2005-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The role of nutritional status in the prognosis of subjects with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was studied in a cohort of Canadian men and women followed for 3 to 5 yr. A total of 348 subjects who were recruited for a study of negative pressure ventilation were evaluated for lung function and body weigh...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.3.8630580
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We described here an original device for laser Doppler (LD) flowmetry measurements of gastric mucosal perfusion, which was used here in healthy volunteers. A modified nasogastric tube containing the LD probe was inserted. Aspiration via a catheter, fixed in parallel to the probe, held the probe against the gastric wal...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.154.6.8970350
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Daily azithromycin decreases acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), but long-term side effects are unknown. OBJECTIVES:To identify the types of exacerbations most likely to be reduced and clinical subgroups most likely to benefit from azithromycin, 250 mg daily, added to usual...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.201402-0207OC
更新日期:2014-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous study of older pulp and paper workers in Berlin, New Hampshire, decrements in spirometry results associated with accidental exposures to high levels of irritant gases depended on cumulative levels of pulp mill exposure and cigarette smoking. Many of those subjects were older and retired. A new study was ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.1.8542120
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Acute lung injury (ALI) that develops 6 hours after transfusion (TRALI) is the leading cause of transfusion-related mortality. Several transfusion characteristics have been postulated as risk factors for TRALI, but the evidence is limited to retrospective studies. OBJECTIVES:To compare patient and transfusio...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200702-271OC
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The etiology of sleep disruption in patients in intensive care units (ICUs) is poorly understood, but is thought to be related to environmental stimuli, especially noise. We sampled 203 patients (121 males and 82 females) from different ICUs (cardiac [CCU], cardiac stepdown [CICU], medical [MICU], and surgical [SICU])...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.4.9806141
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:There is growing evidence that resident cells, such as fibroblasts and epithelial cells, can drive the persistent accumulation of dendritic cells (DCs) in chronically inflamed tissue, leading to the organization and the maintenance of ectopic lymphoid aggregates. This phenomenon, occurring through a chemokine...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200609-1347OC
更新日期:2007-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the increasing attention to the relationship between asthma and work exposures, occupational asthma remains underrecognized and its population burden underestimated. This may be due, in part, to the fact that traditional approaches to studying asthma in populations cannot adequately take into account the healt...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/rccm.200703-415PP
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary hypertension is a life-threatening complication of sickle cell disease. L-Arginine is the nitrogen donor for synthesis of nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator that is deficient during times of sickle cell crisis. This deficiency may play a role in pulmonary hypertension. The enzyme arginase hydrolyzes arginine...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200208-967OC
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a bronchial provocation test (BPT) with a dry powder preparation of mannitol. The mannitol was inhaled from gelatin capsules containing 5, 10, 20, or 40 mg to a cumulative dose of 635 mg, and was delivered via an inhalator, Halermatic, or Dinkihaler device. We studied the airway sensitivity to inhaled man...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.3.9701113
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. However, it has recently become apparent that cigarette smoking may be a risk factor for cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis as well as for lung cancer, and so may confound the association between these conditions. ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.161.1.9906062
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reexpansion of collapsed lung creates intrapulmonary shear forces. In an earlier study we showed that application of a negative end-expiratory airway pressure (NEEP) to normal rabbit lungs in vivo produced tidal collapse and reexpansion with transient changes in compliance and gas exchange but no histologic damage. In...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.1.9001330
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00