Abstract：
:The total number of granule cells in the dentate gyrus was estimated in 17 male rats, four each aged 30, 120, and 200 days, and five aged 365 days. There is a substantial 35-43% linear increase between 1 month and 1 year. Two parameters of the granular layer are involved in the numerical change. First, total granular layer volume grows linearly with age. Second, average volume of a single granule cell nucleus in the ventral dentate gyrus decreases with age. Older rats tend to have a larger granular layer filled with more and smaller cells. In another group of 21 male rats, 3H-thymidine injections were given on four consecutive days during juvenile (30-33, n = 6) and adult life (60-63, n = 5; 120-123, n = 6; 180-183, n = 4). All animals survived to 200 days of age. The proportion of labeled mature granule cells and labeled presumptive granule cell precursors were determined in anatomically-matched slices. With older ages at injection, there is a decline in labeled mature granule cells and a concurrent increase in labeled precursors. These data are compatible with the constant level of granule cell increase determined volumetrically. Most of the late granule cells originate nearly simultaneously along the base of the main bulk of the granular layer; very few are found in the dorsal tip (septal extreme) and ventral tip (temporal extreme). This study is the first demonstration of a net numerical gain in a neuronal population during adulthood in the mammalian brain. Since the granule adulthood in the mammalian brain. Since the granule cells play a pivotal role in hippocampal function, these data suggest that their influence grows with age.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Bayer SAdoi
10.1007/BF00238626subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-01-01 00:00:00pages
315-23issue
3eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
46pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The main belly of the macaque's flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) is divided by a dissectible plane into radial and ulnar regions. The present report describes three findings which suggest that the radial and ulnar regions represent separate functional subdivisions of the FDP. First, electromyographic (EMG) recordings ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00229783
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between EEG-derived motor activity-related cortical potential (MRCP) and voluntary muscle activation. Eight healthy volunteers participated in two experimental sessions. In one session, subjects performed isometric elbow-flexion contractions at four intensi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210000382
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The parietal lobes contribute to body-space representation. The present work aims at characterizing the functional role of the inferior parietal lobe in body-space representation and at studying the different roles of the angular gyrus in the right and left hemisphere. We conducted three separate transcranial direct c...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-013-3538-9
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to relate single cell performance to behavioral discrimination one needs measurements of the response variance of the units. We recorded from 183 single units of area V1 of monkeys performing an orientation discrimination task. The response variance was found to increase with increasing response strength. Thi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00275002
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A contrast reversal (alternating phase) stimulus was used to study the responses of 150 retinal ganglion cells from 15 adult cats. Because the majority of the cells did not show perfect linear spatial summation, a ratio of the firing rates at two time periods was used to express the degree of nonlinearity. Y-cells sho...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236782
更新日期：1979-03-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The fear of falling can be manipulated by introducing a postural threat (e.g., an elevated support surface) during stance and gait. Under these conditions, balance parameters are altered in both young and elderly individuals. This study aimed to dissociate the physical and psychological aspects of the threat and show ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-017-4902-y
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our understanding of how perception operates in real-world environments has been substantially advanced by studying both multisensory processes and "top-down" control processes influencing sensory processing via activity from higher-order brain areas, such as attention, memory, and expectations. As the two topics have...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00221-016-4590-z
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In sensory saltation, first reported by Geldard and Sherrick (Science 178:178-179, 1972), a stimulus is displaced towards a second one following closely in time and space as a function of the delay between the stimuli. The distance between stimulus locations is restricted by the extension of sensory fields in the prim...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-005-0190-z
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The flow of information in the sensorimotor cortex may determine how somatic information modulates motor cortex neuronal activity during voluntary movement. Electrophysiological recordings and neuroanatomical tracing techniques were used to study the connections between the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) and the vi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00229854
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Descending vestibular pathways have been shown to influence recruitment thresholds of alpha motoneurones in both human and cat. However, whereas parallel connections to the fusimotor system have been shown in the cat, such connections have not yet been demonstrated in humans. In the present study we investigated wheth...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-006-0836-5
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Scientific interest has increased the influence of temperature in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, and according to the monoamine hypothesis, depression is a neurochemical disorder arising from hypofunctioning of brain monoamine systems. Here, in vivo flow-oxymetry is applied to verify relationships betwee...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-013-3443-2
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neural activity in area 7a and the arm area of motor cortex was recorded while real or path-guided apparent motion stimuli were presented to behaving monkeys in the absence of a motor response. A smooth stimulus motion was produced in the real motion condition, whereas in the apparent motion condition five stimuli...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-003-1664-5
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In three monkeys made hemianopic by unilateral striate cortical ablation, in one normal monkey and in a human hemianope (GY), we measured reaction times to chromatic targets presented in the normal hemifield as a function of prior chromatic primes in the blind field. The first of our three tasks showed an unspecific p...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-003-1521-6
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The time course of local changes of the extracellular space (ES) was investigated by measuring concentration changes of repeatedly injected tetramethylammonium (TMA+) and choline (Ch+) ions for which cell membranes are largely impermeable. After stimulus-induced extracellular [K+] elevations the delta [TMA+] and delta...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236151
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased afferent input may alter receptive field sizes, properties and somatotopographic representation in the cortex. Changes in the motor thalamus may also occur as a result of altered afferent input. Such plasticity has been implicated in both sensory and movement disorders. Using tremor as a model of augmented a...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-003-1399-3
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While diverging efficacy and inter-individual response variability have repeatedly been reported for paired-associative stimulation (PAS), approaches to overcome these issues are yet lacking. Hence, the aim of the present study was to determine whether response variability could be reduced through the application of a...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00221-019-05542-x
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that the "synaptic" bodies of mammalian pinealocytes are a heterogeneous group of organelles. Whereas "synaptic" ribbons (SR) exhibit a day/night rhythm with small numbers during daytime and high numbers at night, the so-called "synaptic" spherules (SS) show species-specific differences in ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236214
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dementia due to cerebral ischemic lesions is relatively common in the elderly. Since many of these lesions are probably caused by emboli, studying emboli-induced cerebral lesions in rabbits should, hopefully, provide information that is useful when searching for a means of preventing and treating vascular dementia in ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050622
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyper-gravity provides a unique environment to study how misperceptions impact control of orientation relative to gravity. Previous studies have found that static and dynamic roll tilts are perceptually overestimated in hyper-gravity. The current investigation quantifies how this influences control of orientation. We ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-015-4215-y
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The specificity of adaptation of vestibulo-ocular reflex direction was examined by exposing cats to combined pitch vestibular rotation and horizontal optokinetic motion at 0.25 Hz, while alternating body position between lying on the left side and lying on the right. The direction of optokinetic motion relative to hea...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00247045
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dispersed brain cells from 12-14 day old mouse embryos were loaded with the Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent probe, quin2 and shown to have a resting intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) of 158 nM (SE +/- 5) in the presence of 1 mM [Ca2+]o. When external [Ca2+] was raised from 0 to 1 mM there was an increase of [Ca2+]...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235975
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The control of upright stance is commonly explained on the basis of the single inverted pendulum model (ankle strategy) or the double inverted pendulum model (combination of ankle and hip strategy). Kinematic analysis using the uncontrolled manifold (UCM) approach suggests, however, that stability in upright standing ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-016-4576-x
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in cognition due to age have been associated with falls and reduced standing postural control. Sensory integration is one component of postural control that may be influenced by certain aspects of cognitive functioning. This study investigated associations between measures of cognitive function and sensory int...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-018-5394-0
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complex spike (CS) and simple spike (SS) activities of Purkinje cells in the rostral zone of the cerebellar flocculus were recorded in alert cats during optokinetic responses (OKR) elicited by a stimulus sequence consisting of a constant-speed visual pattern movement in one direction for 1 s and then in the opposi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210000363
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The responses of 192 single units in the cat's pulvinar-complex, comprising the inferior, medial and lateral pulvinar nuclei, were studied in paralysed cats, lightly anaesthetized with N2O/O2 supplemented with pentobarbitone. About 60% of the cells were visually driven and their receptive fields classified as either d...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235804
更新日期：1978-01-18 00:00:00
abstract：:It has long been assumed that the human central nervous system uses flexible combinations of several muscle synergies to effortlessly and efficiently control redundant movements. However, whether muscle synergies exist in the neural circuit remains controversial, and it is critical to examine the association between t...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-015-4253-5
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single unit recordings were carried out in the reticularis thalamic nucleus (RT) and the ventral lateral geniculate body (LGv) of chronically prepared alert cats under sinusoidal vestibular stimulation in the horizontal plane. Optokinetic stimulation was also used. Of the 57 recorded neurons, 12 present vestibular mod...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00237394
更新日期：1978-05-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Following an almost total chemical lesion of the inferior olive, the inhibitory control of the cerebellar Purkinje cells upon their target neurones, mainly in Deiters nucleus, remains practically unchanged. This result is at variance with some recent findings having important implications in the cerebellar theories of...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236909
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the variability in movement end points in a task in which human subjects reached to targets in different locations on a horizontal surface. The primary purpose was to determine whether patterns in the variable errors would reveal the nature and origin of the coordinate system in which the movements...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00241415
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracellular recording techniques were used to test for cross-modality and topographic convergence among inputs to area 3a of cerebral cortex. Recordings were made within the projection area of group I afferent fibers of the deep radial nerve in barbiturate-anesthetized cats. Epsps were evoked in 90% of neurons (81/9...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236532
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
