Abstract:
:The luminance detectors in the olivary pretectal nucleus, which are likely candidates mediating the pupillary light reflex, responded to all frequencies of sinusoidally modulated light up to 12-25 Hz. At low frequencies (0.05-4.0 Hz) the luminance detectors responded with modulated firing to different stimulation rates. The modulation depth of the cell response increased with the increase in stimulation frequency up to 20 Hz, then rapidly fell. There was a delay between the peak intensity of the stimulus and the peak firing of cell response of about 30-40 ms. The amplitudes of the consensual pupil responses to the same sinusoidal stimulus, on the other hand, decreased with an increase in frequency and no discernible response was recorded above 2 Hz. The pupil responses were little affected by sympathectomy. The differences in the frequency response characteristics of luminance detectors and the pupil were attributed to the sluggish dynamic properties of the pupil muscles. This was demonstrated using an electronic model of the iris muscle which modified the responses of the luminance detectors giving output waveforms broadly resembling pupil responses to square and sinusoidally modulated lights.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Clarke RJ,Ikeda Hdoi
10.1007/BF00237669subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-01-01 00:00:00pages
83-90issue
1eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The possibility that effects of fornix stimulation on units in the medial preoptic region (MPO) may be via an interposed neuron in the dorsal septum was investigated using electrophysiological techniques. We found a reciprocal monosynaptic linkage between the MPO and the dorsal, medial and fimbrial septal nuclei. When...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00236041
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research on joint attention has addressed both the effects of gaze following and the ability to share representations. It is largely unknown, however, whether sharing attention also affects the perceptual processing of jointly attended objects. This study tested whether attending to stimuli with another person from op...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2625-z
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-004-1904-3
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00228400
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that the vestibular short-latency-evoked potential (VsEP) in response to the brief head acceleration stimulus is a compound action potential of neurons innervating the otolith organs. However, due to the lack of direct evidence, it is currently unclear whether the VsEP is primarily generate...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3602-5
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1190-x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous study showed an increase in total cholesterol level of the hippocampus after kainate-induced injury, but whether this is further metabolized to neurosteroids is not known. The first step in neurosteroid biosynthesis is the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone by the enzyme cytochrome P450 side chain ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-007-1209-4
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sense of agency is a profoundly important human experience and is strongly linked to volitional action. The importance of this experience is underscored by the fact that many neurological and psychiatric disorders are partially characterized by an abnormal sense of agency (e.g., schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, d...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3372-5
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dopamine and somatostatin-14 (SRIF) were incubated with a membrane fraction of rat caudate-putamen (CP) tissue in an adenylate cyclase assay in order to examine the D-1-receptor coupled adenylate cyclase activity 5 days and 3 weeks after unilateral ablation of the left frontal and lateral cortex. Five days after decor...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00248805
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study was to determine whether characteristics of a motor action affect anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs). Standing subjects held a load between their hands with arms extended in front of their body. Next, subjects performed bilateral shoulder abduction movements (motor action) of three ampli...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0725-y
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::How do we achieve unitary perception of an object when it touches two parts of the sensory epithelium that are not contiguous? We investigated this problem with a simple psychophysical task, which we then used in an fMRI experiment. Two wooden rods were moved over two digits positioned to be spatially adjacent. The di...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-010-2306-3
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1094-9
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fear of falling can be manipulated by introducing a postural threat (e.g., an elevated support surface) during stance and gait. Under these conditions, balance parameters are altered in both young and elderly individuals. This study aimed to dissociate the physical and psychological aspects of the threat and show ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-017-4902-y
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237601
更新日期:1978-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Variations of the µ-opioid receptor gene OPRM1 have been shown to modulate pain perception with some evidence pointing towards a modulation of not only physical but also "psychological pain". In line with suggestions of a common neural network involved in the processing of physical pain and negative and distressing st...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050711
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The short-latency electromyographic response evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (MEP) increases in size during fatigue, but the mechanisms are unclear. Because large changes occur in the muscle action potential, we tested whether changes in the response to stimulation of the peripheral motor nerve could fully...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050779
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has recently been suggested that time perception and motor timing are influenced by the presence of biological movements and animacy in the visual scene. Here, we investigated the interactions among timing, speed and animacy in two experiments. In Experiment 1, observers had to press a button in synchrony with the ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3338-7
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is a common experience, immediately after the removal of a cast or a splint, to feel motor awkwardness, which is usually attributed to muscular and joint immobilization. However, the same feeling may also be perceived after a brief period of immobilization. We provide evidence that this last effect stems from chang...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3115-7
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quick detection of changes in the sensory environment is very important for survival, resulting in automatic shifts of attention to the event and the facilitation of subsequent processes to execute appropriate behaviors. The abrupt onset or offset of a sensory stimulus should also activate the neural network detecting...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1468-8
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined c-fos protein expression in the brain and spinal cord of rats following permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) above the rhinal fissure. At 1 h after right-sided MCA occlusion, Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-LI) was detected in neurons not only in the ipsilateral cerebral cortex bu...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00005672
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recognize objects even when they are partially degraded by visual noise. Using monkeys performing a sequential delayed match-to-sample task, we studied the relation between the amount of visual noise (5, 10, 15, 20 or 25%) degrading the eight black and white stimuli used here, and the accuracy and speed with which ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-2230-0
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed the influence of vestibular stimulation by whole-body oscillation in the yaw plane on the cardiorespiratory responses after a change of posture from sitting to standing. Eighteen healthy subjects (21-70 years old) and six patients with bilateral vestibular loss (46-59 years old) were tested. For comparison...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1422-8
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00