Interaction of alcohol and tobacco as risk factors in cancer of the laryngeal region.

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine factors associated with returning for second round mammography screening. SETTING:This was a population based mammographic screening programme in Melbourne, Australia. DESIGN:A cohort design was used whereby 668 women were interviewed before the screening programme began and attendance for both f...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Cockburn J,Schofield P,White V,Hill D,Russell I

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:School systems are increasingly typified by diversity of provision, parental choice and publication of performance data. Schools shape their students' lifestyles and health, but the effects of 'marketisation' are under-researched. The authors use qualitative data to develop a logic model regarding such effec...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Bonell C,Fletcher A,Sorhaindo A,Wells H,McKee M

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An exponential model based on the infectious disease model of Kermack and McKendrick has been simplified to illustrate how the use of heroin spreads in epidemic fashion. A numerical simulation is arranged to show how the dynamics of spread are influenced by the original number of users, rates of conversion, and time o...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Mackintosh DR,Stewart GT

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:Most studies of place effects on health have followed the multilevel analytical approach that investigates geographical variations of health phenomena by fragmenting space into arbitrary areas. This study examined whether analysing geographical variations across continuous space with spatial modelling t...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Chaix B,Merlo J,Chauvin P

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although physical activity is associated with health-related quality of life (HRQL), the nature of the dose-response relationship remains unclear. OBJECTIVES:To examine the concurrent and prospective dose-response relationships between total physical activity (TPA) and (only) walking with HRQL in two age co...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Heesch KC,van Uffelen JG,van Gellecum YR,Brown WJ

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin D deficiency occurs worldwide. Winter season and high Body Mass Index (BMI) are associated with low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). We estimated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a Norwegian adult population and examined factors associated with vitamin D deficiency. A cohort of 25, 616 a...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Larose TL,Chen Y,Camargo CA Jr,Langhammer A,Romundstad P,Mai XM

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Life expectancy at birth in Spain improved between 1972 and 1982, by 2.5 years for males and 3.2 years for females. This slowed considerably in the following decade, with increases of only 0.5 and 1.7 years respectively. OBJECTIVE:To determine the causes of death that have been responsible for the failure b...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Chenet L,McKee M,Otero A,Ausin I

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In the context of fiscal austerity in many European welfare states, policy innovation often takes the form of 'social investment', a contested set of policies aimed at strengthening labour markets. Social investment policies include employment subsidies, skills training and job-finding services, early childh...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Morris KA,Beckfield J,Bambra C

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUNDS:The debate on health selection which describes the influence of health on subsequent social mobility is highly contested. The authors set out to examine the effect of health selection by looking at the effect of previous health status on changes in socio-economic position (SEP) over two time periods. METHO...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Ki M,Sacker A,Kelly Y,Nazroo J

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Health inequities between indigenous and non-indigenous people are well documented. However, the contribution of differential exposure to risk factors in the occupational environment remains unclear. This study assessed differences in the prevalence of self-reported exposure to disease risk factors, includin...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Denison HJ,Eng A,Barnes LA,Cheng S,'t Mannetje A,Haddock K,Douwes J,Pearce N,Ellison-Loschmann L

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Resource allocation and integration of services have been of interest recently to achieve health-related Millennium Development Goals. This paper analyses the extent to which countries receiving funding in HIV were able to invest in activities in the area of sexual and reproductive health (SRH). METHODS:The...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Komatsu R,Lee D,Lusti-Narasimhan M,Martineau T,Vinh-Thomas E,Beer DL,Atun R

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Socioeconomic factors may influence changes in hip fracture (HF) incidence over time. We analysed HF temporal trends during the Bone and Joint Decade in Portugal (BJD-Portugal), 2000-2010, by regional socioeconomic status (SES), sex and age. METHODS:We selected registers of patients aged 50+ years with HF (...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Oliveira CM,Alves SM,Pina MF

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of mortality data in the form of standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) to measure the need for health care resources in the Resource Allocation Working Party (RAWP) formula in England has been criticised for underestimating the wider effects of adverse socioeconomic conditions on need, particularly in inner cit...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Mays N,Chinn S

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A large proportion of the population of England live in substandard housing. Previous research has suggested that poor-quality housing, particularly in terms of cold temperatures, mould, and damp, poses a health risk, particularly for older people. The present study aimed to examine the association between h...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Webb E,Blane D,de Vries R

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the extent to which the justice of decision-making procedures and interpersonal relationships is associated with smoking. SETTING:10 municipalities and 21 hospitals in Finland. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS:Cross-sectional data derived from the Finnish Public Sector Study were analysed with logistic re...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Kouvonen A,Vahtera J,Elovainio M,Cox SJ,Cox T,Linna A,Virtanen M,Kivimäki M

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The use of validated multivariate cardiovascular predictive models in a population setting is of interest for public health policy makers. We aimed to validate the estimations of the CASSANDRA model (coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence and CHD risk distribution), considering the population changes in age,...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Grau M,Subirana I,Vila J,Elosua R,Ramos R,Sala J,Dégano IR,Tresserras R,Bielsa O,Marrugat J

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim was to study whether women having had caesarean sections (index women) have more subsequent health problems, measured by hospital admissions, than women having had vaginal deliveries (control women). DESIGN:The study involved comparison of hospital admissions before (2-5 years) and after (7-10 years)...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Hemminki E

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Injuries have been recognised as important public health concerns, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Few studies have examined injuries using a multilevel perspective that addresses individual socioeconomic status (SES) and health behaviours and local socioeconomic conditions in early adolesce...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Schmidt S,Sparks PJ

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Much of the UK government's 1999 report on teenage pregnancy was by necessity based on rather old or non-longitudinal research. AIM:To examine the associations between risk factors identified in the report and pregnancy at or before age 16 years among young women and partners of young men using the more rec...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Allen E,Bonell C,Strange V,Copas A,Stephenson J,Johnson AM,Oakley A

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The death of a young child is so devastating that it can increase the risk of mortality in the grieving parent. Little is known about the impact of an adult child's death on the health of parents. METHODS:The authors conducted a follow-up study between 1980 and 2002 based on a linked-registers database that...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Rostila M,Saarela J,Kawachi I

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the protective effect of storing firearms locked or unloaded, or both, on the risk of suicide by firearms among people with relatively low intention to die. DESIGN AND SETTING:Cross sectional survey. The 1993 National Mortality Followback Survey of 22 957 deaths in the United States, representing...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Shenassa ED,Rogers ML,Spalding KL,Roberts MB

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of growth during infancy and childhood on blood pressure in adolescence. DESIGN:Birth cohort study. SETTING:Pelotas, southern Brazil. PARTICIPANTS:749 adolescents with complete information on birth weight and gestational age, as well as on anthropometric data at all three follow up vis...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Horta BL,Barros FC,Victora CG,Cole TJ

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the degree to which the proportion of homicides and suicides committed with a gun is associated with reported availability of firearms across Chicago neighbourhoods. METHODS:Data were collected as part of the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN), a combined neighbourhood ...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Shenassa ED,Daskalakis C,Buka SL

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The aim of this study was to quantify mortality after elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in England, and to compare English case fatality rates (CFRs) with those reported in the literature. PATIENTS AND METHODS:English Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) for the financial years 1998/9 to 200...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Filipovic M,Goldacre MJ,Gill L

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HIV incidence estimates are crucial in understanding and predicting the HIV/AIDS epidemic and identifying sub-populations and regions most at risk for the epidemic. However, incidence estimation is a challenge due to the nature of the disease and type of data available. This paper aims to present a simple an...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Rajan SS,Sokal D

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Road traffic casualties show some of the widest socioeconomic differentials of any cause of morbidity or mortality, and as yet there is little evidence on what works to reduce them. This study quantified the current and potential future impact of the introduction of 20 mph zones on socioeconomic inequalities...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Steinbach R,Grundy C,Edwards P,Wilkinson P,Green J

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A random sample of 617 primiparas was identified from birth notifications over a 12 month period and 534 of these were interviewed four weeks after confinement. Those breast feeding at the time of interview were contacted again at four months and those still breast feeding then were contacted at six and a half months....

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Wright HJ,Walker PC

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over 300 female farmers from 18 regions in various parts of Japan were examined for high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) in the serum. Based on the HDL levels, three examinees with the highest HDL and another three with the lowest HDL were selected from each region to form the high HDL group (high group, 54 subj...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Chiba K,Miyasaka M,Koizumi A,Kumai M,Watanabe T,Ikeda M

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common form of sex steroid hormone-dependent benign tumours that grow in the walls of the uterus. Several observational studies have examined the association between obesity and the risk of UFs, but findings are inconsistent. The objective of this systematic review and met...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Qin H,Lin Z,Vásquez E,Luan X,Guo F,Xu L

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence of a link between sexual violence and HIV is growing; however, studies among children are scarce. The authors sought to characterise child sexual abuse in Harare, Zimbabwe, and explore its links with HIV and orphanhood. METHODS:Records for new clients attending a child sexual abuse clinic from July...

journal_title：Journal of epidemiology and community health

authors： Birdthistle IJ,Floyd S,Mwanasa S,Nyagadza A,Gwiza E,Glynn JR

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00