Abstract:
:A population based programme to educate women in breast self-examination (BSE) was organised as part of the UK Trial of Early Detection of Breast Cancer. Women who responded to an invitation to a meeting were educated in groups and were not routinely screened. Open access clinics offered x ray and clinical examination to all women in the study age group of 45 to 64. Women who presented for screening without prior BSE education were taught individually by clinic staff. Women taught by the two methods were surveyed by post and their BSE practice since education was compared. It was hypothesised that the women taught in clinics, who had been reassured of their breast normality, would practice BSE more regularly and correctly. Results did not confirm this hypothesis. Lower standards of practise and a higher level of anxiety at the time of survey were found in the group who presented at a free access clinic and had received individual teaching at the time of screening.
journal_name
J Epidemiol Community Healthjournal_title
Journal of epidemiology and community healthauthors
Flaherty C,Philip J,Harris WG,Joslin CAdoi
10.1136/jech.40.1.67subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-03-01 00:00:00pages
67-70issue
1eissn
0143-005Xissn
1470-2738journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:It is important to understand the local burden of non-communicable diseases including within-country heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to characterise hypertension and type-2 diabetes profiles across different Peruvian geographical settings emphasising the assessment of modifiable risk factors. METHO...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2015-205988
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To assess the incidence of seroconversion and seroreversion in IgG antibodies to Helicobacter pylori within a 11 year observation period using these events as markers for acquisition and loss of the infection, respectively. DESIGN:Population based prospective cohort study. SETTING:Northern part of Co...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.54.6.444
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Smokefree Class Competition, the largest school-based smoking prevention programme in Europe, aims to create a class climate that denormalises smoking. An analysis was carried out to assess whether it increases bullying or perception of isolation. METHODS:A cluster randomised controlled trial was conduc...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/jech.2009.089185
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the worldwide trend towards more time being spent at work by employed people, few studies have examined the independent influences of work-based versus home-based social networks on employees' health. We examined the association between work-based social networks and health status by controlling for ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.082453
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Age-specific death from cardiovascular disease among Australian Aboriginals is estimated to be four to seven times that of general population, and the major cause of premature death. There is little reliable information on the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). This study compares CHD event rates in ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2009.098343
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the association between own education, adult and parental circumstances and the risk of myocardial infarction in a former communist country. DESIGN:Population based case-control study. SETTING:General population of five districts of the Czech Republic in the age group 25-64 years. PARTICIPANTS:Ran...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.54.2.91
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This analysis attempts to fill the gap in the epidemiological evidence about the relation between dietary salt and hypertension. Changes in the purchase of salt in England and Wales are compared with changes in mortality from cerebrovascular disease (1958-78). Stroke mortality, a major sequel of hypertension, has decl...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.37.1.25
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to explore the impact of mid-life income and old-age pensions on the risk of mortality in later life. Furthermore, the study explored whether income inequalities in old-age mortality can be explained by differences in early childhood development, social class during childhood, educa...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2010.131177
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Policies to increase Australian Indigenous children's participation in preschool aim to reduce developmental inequities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children. This study aims to understand the benefits of preschool participation by quantifying the association between preschool participation in the y...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2020-214672
更新日期:2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between perceptions of neighbourhood physical and social characteristics and three health outcomes (self assessed health status, chronic conditions, and emotional distress). DESIGN:Cross sectional survey data analysed in small neighbourhoods. SETTING:Hamilton, Ontario, C...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2003.014308
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether occupational social class and area deprivation are independently associated with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) conditions after adjustment for smoking status. DESIGN:Stratified multistage random sample analysed using multilevel logistic regression. PARTICIPANTS:8804 a...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2005.034017
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Home Office has recently published estimates which, for the first time, provide a "robust national estimate" of the number of problematic drug users in England. The 2004/05 and 2005/06 estimates are the highest estimates ever produced for England and coincide with the highest ever government annual expen...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.076844
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Research has demonstrated associations between smoking and reading skills, but other literacy skills such as speaking, listening and numeracy are less studied despite our dependence on the use of numbers and the oral exchange to deliver information on the risks of smoking. METHODS:The authors used multivari...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2011.136341
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the incidence of cancer among homeless men in Glasgow. DESIGN:Descriptive study of cancer incidence in a defined, though individually unidentifiable, population cohort. SETTING:Glasgow and the West of Scotland Region. PARTICIPANTS:Male residents of 10 hostels for the single homeless in G...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.51.6.668
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A dangerous distortion of priorities seems to be currently apparent in the dominant approaches to major public health problems, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, cancer and some infectious diseases. Relevant examples suggest an apparently inappropriate tendency to prioritise technocratic, partial so...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jech-2014-203884
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aims were (1) to assess whether termination of pregnancy after prenatal screening by ultrasound affected the prevalence of congenital anomalies at birth, and (2) to examine the trend of this pattern over time. DESIGN:This study deals with congenital anomalies, possibly detectable prenatally or at b...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.48.3.290
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred and twenty-five people aged 65 and over in the Birmingham area who fell at home were followed up for one year after the fall had been reported by the general practitioner. They were compared with 125 control subjects matched for age and sex and drawn from the same doctors' lists. Two months after the fall,...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.35.3.200
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to investigate whether the survival of women with cancer of the uterine cervix is associated with their marital status and social class. DESIGN:The study was a survey of survival up to 5 years from diagnosis of women with cancer of the cervix registered in the South Thames Cancer Registry, ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.44.4.293
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the context of fiscal austerity in many European welfare states, policy innovation often takes the form of 'social investment', a contested set of policies aimed at strengthening labour markets. Social investment policies include employment subsidies, skills training and job-finding services, early childh...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2018-211283
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to audit, against agreed standards, the control of bacterial meningitis, in particular completeness of notification and appropriateness of distribution of chemoprophylaxis to contacts; and to implement appropriate changes and monitor their impact. DESIGN:The first phase involved determinati...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.46.4.329
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Housing is an important environmental influence on population health, and there is growing evidence of health effects from indoor environment characteristics such as low indoor temperatures. However, there is relatively little research, and thus little firm guidance, on the cost-effectiveness of public polic...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/jech.2007.070037
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To establish the prevalence and distribution of witnesses, victims, and perpetrators of different types of violence in the general population and the proportion of victims consulting health services or reporting the incident to authorities. METHODS:Cross sectional survey of a random sample of 3007 inhabitan...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.57.5.355
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this paper is to synthesise findings on the salutogenic concept, sense of coherence (SOC), and its correlation with quality of life (QoL). This study is descriptive and analytic, with a systematic integration of the contemporary knowledge base on the salutogenic research published in 1992-2003. This review ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jech.2006.056028
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Longitudinal data were used to explore relations between teenage pregnancy, sexual behaviour, and family type. The study examined whether students from lone parent and/or teenage mother initiated families more commonly report sex, lack of contraception at first sex, and/or conceptions by age 15/16, and wheth...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2005.042838
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An exponential model based on the infectious disease model of Kermack and McKendrick has been simplified to illustrate how the use of heroin spreads in epidemic fashion. A numerical simulation is arranged to show how the dynamics of spread are influenced by the original number of users, rates of conversion, and time o...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.33.4.299
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neighbourhood resources may preserve functional independence in older adults, but little is known about whether benefits differ for individuals with normal and impaired memory. We evaluated the extent to which neighbourhood context was related to onset of instrumental and basic activities of daily living (I/...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2016-207241
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyse in the general population the prevalence and predictors of symptomatology consistent with post-traumatic stress disorder (S-PTSD) 18 months after an industrial explosion. DESIGN:Cross-sectional survey. PARTICIPANTS AND OUTCOME MEASURES:A random sample of 1191 city inhabitants, including an oversa...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2006.057273
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Global Polio Eradication Initiative to eradicate polio completely by the year 2000 has been successful, except for three endemic and some non-endemic countries. Pakistan, one of the three endemic polio reservoirs, is posing a serious threat to the success of the initiative. Currently, the expanded programme on imm...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jech-2012-202162
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Health inequalities can be observed in early life as unfavourable birth outcomes. Evidence indicates that neighbourhood socioeconomic circumstances influence health. However, studies looking into temporal trends in inequalities in birth outcomes including neighbourhood socioeconomic conditions are scarce. ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2019-213162
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epidemiology of migraine and non-migrainous headaches (NMH) was investigated in a community survey in a neighbourhood of western Jerusalem in 1969-71. Diagnoses were based on histories taken by physicians. Prevalence rates among persons aged 15 and over were 10.1% for migraine (including classical migraine, 2.1%) ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.34.3.188
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00