Human Stress Detection: Cortisol Levels in Stressed Speakers Predict Voice-Based Judgments of Stress.

Abstract:

:Despite recent evidence of a positive relationship between cortisol levels and voice pitch in stressed speakers, the extent to which human listeners can reliably judge stress from the voice remains unknown. Here, we tested whether voice-based judgments of stress co-vary with the free cortisol levels and vocal parameters of speakers recorded in a real-life stressful situation (oral examination) and baseline (2 weeks prior). Hormone and acoustic analyses indicated elevated salivary cortisol levels and corresponding changes in voice pitch, vocal tract resonances (formants), and speed of speech during stress. In turn, listeners' stress ratings correlated significantly with speakers' cortisol levels. Higher pitched voices were consistently perceived as more stressed; however, the influence of formant frequencies, vocal perturbation and noise parameters on stress ratings varied across contexts, suggesting that listeners utilize different strategies when assessing calm versus stressed speech. These results indicate that nonverbal vocal cues can convey honest information about a speaker's underlying physiological level of stress that listeners can, to some extent, detect and utilize, while underscoring the necessity to control for individual differences in the biological stress response.

journal_name

Perception

journal_title

Perception

authors

Pisanski K,Sorokowski P

doi

10.1177/0301006620978378

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2021-01-01 00:00:00

pages

80-87

issue

1

eissn

0301-0066

issn

1468-4233

journal_volume

50

pub_type

杂志文章
  • The size illusion: visual and kinaesthetic information in size perception.

    abstract::Earlier studies have shown the size of kinaesthetically presented two-dimensional movement patterns to be significantly overestimated. Whether this size overestimation is characteristic of the kinaesthetic system alone has not been established. Two experiments are reported which were designed to investigate size judgm...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p140285

    authors: Laszlo JI,Broderick P

    更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00

  • Two categorical stages of object recognition.

    abstract::Visual object recognition was investigated in a group of eighty-one patients with right- or left-hemisphere lesions. Two tasks were used, one maximizing perceptual categorization by physical identity, the other maximizing semantic categorization by functional identity. The right-hemisphere group showed impairment on t...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p070695

    authors: Warrington EK,Taylor AM

    更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00

  • Things are looking up: differential decline in face recognition following pitch and yaw rotation.

    abstract::Previous research into the effects of viewpoint change on face recognition has typically dealt with rotations around the head's vertical axis (yaw). Another common, although less studied, source of viewpoint variation in faces is rotation around the head's horizontal pitch axis (pitch). In the current study we used bo...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p5637

    authors: Favelle SK,Palmisano S,Maloney RT

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Light location influences the perceived locations of internal sounds.

    abstract::Numerous studies have shown that visual stimuli can bias the perceived location of auditory stimuli. Here, we sought to determine if a visual stimulus can also bias the perceived location of multiple internal auditory stimuli. Fifty subjects were presented with a train of eight binaural click-pairs over headphones whi...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p6149

    authors: Dellorso S,Schirillo J

    更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mental imagery of visual motion modifies the perception of roll-vection stimulation.

    abstract::When viewing a wide-angle visual display, which rotates in the frontoparallel plane around the line of sight, observers experience an illusory shift of the direction of gravity; this shift leads to an apparent tilt of the body and displaces allocentric space coordinates. In this study, subjects adjusted an indicator t...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p3088

    authors: Mast FW,Berthoz A,Kosslyn SM

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • A theory of visual control of braking based on information about time-to-collision.

    abstract::A theory is presented of how a driver might visually control his braking. A mathematical analysis of the changing optic array at the driver's eye indicates that the simplest type of visual information, which would be sufficient for controlling braking and would also be likely to be easily picked up by the driver, is i...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p050437

    authors: Lee DN

    更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00

  • Using vision and dynamic touch to perceive the affordances of tools.

    abstract::The information that people use to perceive whether a tool is suitable for a certain task depends on what is available at a given time. Visually scanning a tool and wielding it each provide information about the functional attributes of the tool. In experiment 1, we investigated the relative contributions of vision an...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p5593

    authors: Michaels CF,Weier Z,Harrison SJ

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Visual processing of stimulus compounds in newborn infants.

    abstract::An experiment is described in which newborn infants' processing of stimulus compounds was investigated. After familiarization to two alternately presented stimuli which differed in colour and orientation, the newborns showed significant preferences for a stimulus which had a novel colour/orientation combination: the n...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p200029

    authors: Slater A,Mattock A,Brown E,Burnham D,Young A

    更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00

  • Relationship between frames of reference and mirror-image reversals.

    abstract::The mirror puzzle related to the perception of mirror images as left-right reversed can be more fully understood by considering an extended problem that includes also the perception of mirror images that are not left-right reversed. The purpose of the present study is to clarify the physical aspect of this extended pr...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1068/p5529

    authors: Yoshimura H,Tabata T

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Trends in European visual science: 1978-1997.

    abstract::European visual science during the past 20 years--with the glaring exception of ophthalmological research--is reflected in the annual programmes of the European Conference on Visual Perception. The number of countries that have participated has increased with time, and the spectrum of topics that have been presented h...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p2817

    authors: Cavonius CR

    更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00

  • Age-related changes in contrast sensitivity in central and peripheral retina.

    abstract::Eight young (average age 20.4 years) and eight elderly (average age 64.4 years) observers took part in three experiments designed to study age-related changes in peripheral retinal function. A further eight young (average age 22.3 years) and eight elderly (average age 63.8 years) observers took part in a replication o...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1068/p170315

    authors: Crassini B,Brown B,Bowman K

    更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00

  • Increased Vulnerability to Pattern-Related Visual Stress in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis.

    abstract::The objective of this study was to determine vulnerability to pattern-related visual stress in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). A total of 20 ME/CFS patients and 20 matched (age, gender) controls were recruited to the study. Pattern-related visual stress was determined using the Pattern Gla...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0301006615614467

    authors: Wilson RL,Paterson KB,Hutchinson CV

    更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00

  • Shape from shading in different frames of reference.

    abstract::It has often been reported that, in the absence of information about the direction of illumination, people interpret surface convexities and concavities in accordance with the assumption that illumination comes from above. However, 'above' could mean with reference to gravity, the head or the retina. Yonas et al repor...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p190523

    authors: Howard IP,Bergström SS,Ohmi M

    更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00

  • Spatial displacement limits for cyclopean (stereoscopic) apparent-motion perception.

    abstract::The range of spatial displacements over which cyclopean (stereoscopic) apparent motion is perceived was investigated. The cyclopean stimuli were created from retinal disparity embedded in dynamic random-dot stereograms. In one experiment, the displacement range for crossed-disparity cyclopean motion was compared with ...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p231287

    authors: Phinney R,Wilson R,Hays B,Peters K,Patterson R

    更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00

  • The Clay Hand Illusion and the Embodiment of Unfeasible Objects.

    abstract::In an artistic exploration, clay hands and nonhand-like, unfeasible clay objects were created by the participant and used to perform an alternative version of the rubber hand illusion. Most participants felt ownership even over these unfeasible objects, raising questions about the embodied experience of objects that w...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0301006620948502

    authors: Hall A,Poliakoff E

    更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00

  • Motion capture of stationary lines by apparently moving terminators.

    abstract::Several studies and observations of a new form of motion capture are reported: frames containing identical rows of evenly spaced vertical lines are alternated in a standard apparent-motion paradigm. However, one vertical line in the first frame has short horizontal 'terminators' attached; the terminators are shifted t...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p2890

    authors: Petersik JT

    更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00

  • The perception of control in loud noise.

    abstract::Perception of control is known to affect performance under stress. Two experiments are reported the object of which was to find out how loud noise during a contingency assessment task influences perceived control. Subjects were required to choose one of two responses, note one of two results, and then provide an overa...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p130709

    authors: Fisher S,Ledwith M

    更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00

  • Neural Correlates of Speed-Tuned Motion Perception in Healthy Adults.

    abstract::It has been suggested that slow and medium-to-fast speeds of motion may be processed by at least partially separate mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to establish the cortical areas activated during motion-defined form and global motion tasks as a function of speed, using functional magnetic resonance imaging....

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0301006618771463

    authors: Meier K,Partanen M,Giaschi D

    更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00

  • Cavanagh and Leclerc shape-from-shadow pictures: do line versions fail because of the polarity of the regions or the contour?

    abstract::Shape-from-shadow perception fails when the contour bordering a shadowed area is reduced to a black line, and the shadow area becomes white. It might be that the polarity of the shadowed and illuminated areas has to be from dark on the shadowed side to light on the illuminated side for successful perception. Or it may...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p3033

    authors: Kennedy JM,Bai J

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Action in perception? Empirical and philosophical arguments against the enactive approach to perception.

    abstract::This paper focuses on the epistemic conditions of visual perception, ie it concentrates on the question of what kind of knowledge is required for us in order to be able to see colours and shapes as spatial properties of things. According to contemporary theories of sensory perception that follow the tradition of Georg...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p5878

    authors: Schumacher R

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • Phenomenal competition for poses of the human head.

    abstract::We show a cylindrical projection of the human head. This projection is ambiguous with respect to head pose. Viewing such a projection produces perceptual competition for a few discrete views. ...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p250367

    authors: Kersten D,Troje NF,Bülthoff HH

    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of stationary objects on illusory forward self-motion induced by a looming display.

    abstract::It has previously been shown that when a moving and a stationary display are superimposed, illusory self-rotation (circular vection) is induced only when the moving display appears as the background. Three experiments are reported on the extent to which illusory forward self-motion (forward vection) induced by a loomi...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p170005

    authors: Ohmi M,Howard IP

    更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00

  • Bistability and biasing effects in the perception of ambiguous point-light walkers.

    abstract::The perceptually bistable character of point-light walkers has been examined in three experiments. A point-light figure without explicit depth cues constitutes a perfectly ambiguous stimulus: from all viewpoints, multiple interpretations are possible concerning the depth orientation of the figure. In the first experim...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p5004

    authors: Vanrie J,Dekeyser M,Verfaillie K

    更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00

  • Do You Hear More Piano or Drum Sounds? An Auditory Version of the Solitaire Illusion.

    abstract::The solitaire illusion is an illusion of numerosity proposed by Frith and Frith. In the original version, an apparent number of elements was determined by the spatial arrangement of two kinds of elements (black and white marbles). In our study, an auditory version of the solitaire illusion was demonstrated. Participan...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0301006616672580

    authors: Prpic V,Luccio R

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • The 'ecological' probability density function for linear optic flow: implications for neurophysiology.

    abstract::A theoretical analysis of the recovery of shape from optic flow highlights the importance of the deformation components; however, pure deforming stimuli elicit few responses from flow-sensitive neurons in the medial superior temporal (MST) area of the cerebral cortex. This finding has prompted the conclusion that MST ...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p2807

    authors: Ivins J,Porrill J,Frisby J,Orban G

    更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00

  • Height perception influenced by texture gradient.

    abstract::Three experiments were carried out to examine whether a texture gradient influences perception of relative object height. Previous research implicated texture cues in judgments of object width, but similar influences have not been demonstrated for relative height. In this study, I evaluate a hypothesis that the projec...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p7188

    authors: Tozawa J

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Is light in pictures presumed to come from the left side?

    abstract::For good ecological reasons humans assume that the illumination in pictures comes from overhead rather than from below. Recent work has also raised the possibility that the preferred angle of illumination is between 20 degrees and 30 degrees to the left of vertical, although the ecological basis for that is obscure. W...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p5289

    authors: McManus IC,Buckman J,Woolley E

    更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00

  • Accuracy and consistency of absolute pitch.

    abstract::The accuracy and consistency of absolute pitch (AP) judgments have been measured on three subjects in two longitudinal studies separated by twenty years. The drifts and cyclical variations observed in the earlier study still persisted, and an investigation of two other subjects, one of whom was first studied forty yea...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p220113

    authors: Wynn VT

    更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00

  • Learning to see stereokinetic effects.

    abstract::The Saturn illusion is a stereokinetic effect that occurs when a flat pattern composed of a full ellipse with two symmetrical semirings is rotated slowly in the frontoparallel plane. Subjects report seeing an egg-shaped object inserted into a circular ring, and the two objects move solidly into 3-D space as a single r...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p160187

    authors: Bressan P,Vallortigara G

    更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00

  • Reference frame effects on shape perception in two versus three dimensions.

    abstract::Three experiments are reported in which it is tested whether the Gestalt effect of configural orientation on shape perception operates on two-dimensional (2-D) or three-dimensional (3-D) representations of space. It is known that gravitationally defined squares and diamonds take longer to discriminate in diagonal arra...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p170147

    authors: Palmer S,Simone E,Kube P

    更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00