Abstract:
:1. Milk and plasma metronidazole and hydroxymetronidazole concentrations were measured in 12 breast-feeding patients following multiple doses of metronidazole (400 mg three times daily). All patients received metronidazole in combination with other broad spectrum antibiotics. 2. Plasma concentrations of both parent drug and metabolite were measured in seven suckling infants. Thirty-five infants were monitored for adverse reactions to maternal metronidazole therapy and two further groups of suckling infants, those whose mothers received either ampicillin alone or no drug therapy, were recruited as controls. 3. The mean milk to plasma ratio (M/P) was 0.9 for metronidazole and 0.76 for hydroxymetronidazole while the mean milk metronidazole concentrations (around Cmax) were 15.5 micrograms ml-1. The mean milk hydroxymetronidazole concentration was 5.7 micrograms ml-1. 4. Infant plasma metronidazole concentrations ranged from 1.27 micrograms ml-1 to 2.41 micrograms ml-1, and the corresponding hydroxymetronidazole concentrations from 1.1 to 2.4 micrograms ml-1. 5. There were no significant increases in adverse effects in infants which could be attributable to maternal metronidazole therapy. 6. Metronidazole was excreted in milk at concentrations which caused no serious reactions in the infants studied. The drug may therefore be administered at doses of 400 mg three times daily to mothers wishing to breast-feed their infants.
journal_name
Br J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Passmore CM,McElnay JC,Rainey EA,D'Arcy PFdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2125.1988.tb03362.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-07-01 00:00:00pages
45-51issue
1eissn
0306-5251issn
1365-2125journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章abstract::1. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of home-medicated non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) analgesics, using an electronic patient diary. Single doses of ketoprofen 25 mg and ketoprofen 50 mg were compared with ibuprofen 200 mg and placebo in the treatment of a single occasion of episodic...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1996.43613.x
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Maraviroc, a noncompetitive antagonist of the CCR5 coreceptor, was recently approved in the USA as a treatment of HIV infection. For antiretroviral agents that target the virus, antiviral effect can be related to some extent to plasma drug concentrations. For CCR5 antagonists that target the host cells, rece...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03140.x
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of high and low urine flow rates on the urinary metabolic ratios for paracetamol glucuronidation, sulphation and oxidation were determined at steady-state in seven healthy young adult volunteers. Metabolic partial clearances were unaffected by urine flow rate, but individual paracetamol metabolic ratios va...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb05643.x
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT:• The topical second generation anti-histamine azelastine hydrochloride (AZE) and the potent corticosteroid fluticasone propionate (FP) are well established first-line treatments in allergic rhinitis (AR). • MP29-02, a novel intranasal AZE and FP formulation, has been shown to c...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04222.x
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The thermogenic beta 3-adrenoceptor agonist BRL 26830A has been shown to increase weight loss in dieting subjects but tremor was a frequent adverse effect. We have investigated the magnitude and nature of this tremor after a single oral dose in 18 subjects. Two complementary techniques were used to attach the recordin...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb03821.x
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since platelet activation has been incriminated in the pathogenesis of asthma, we have investigated the effect of one of its major granule-derived mediators, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) on airway calibre in normal (12), atopic non-asthmatic (12) and atopic asthmatic subjects (16). On separate days subjects i...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb02923.x
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) concentrations and propranolol binding were investigated in the serum of elderly hospitalized patients with acute illness, and healthy elderly and young subjects. Significantly greater AAG concentrations and reduced unbound propranolol fraction were observed in the elderly with acute di...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02548.x
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Develop a translational assay of Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) activity for use as a preclinical and clinical biomarker. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), capsaicin or citric acid were applied to ears of wildtype and Trpa1-knock out (Trpa1 KO) rats, and changes ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.14370
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To investigate the pharmacokinetics of enterally administered cisapride suspension in young infants being treated for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. METHODS:Plasma cisapride concentrations in 49 subjects (weight: 825-5010 g; n=108 samples, median two per patient; concentration: 14.8-170 ng ml-1 ) were fitted ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00068.x
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Clozapine (CLZ), an atypical neuroleptic with a high risk of causing agranulocytosis, is metabolized in the liver to desmethylclozapine (DCLZ) and clozapine N-oxide (CLZ-NO). This study investigated the involvement of different CYP isoforms in the formation of these two metabolites. METHODS:Human liver microsomal...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1997.t01-1-00605.x
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Intravenous formulations of busulfan have recently become available. Although busulfan is used frequently in children as part of a myeloablative regimen prior to bone marrow transplantation, pharmacokinetic data on intravenous busulfan in children are scarce. The aim was to investigate intravenous busulfan pharmac...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2002.01555.x
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To develop a population pharmacokinetic model for mycophenolic acid (MPA) in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) treated with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), identify covariates that explain variability and determine the Bayesian estimator of the area under the concentration-time curve over 12 h (AUC(0-...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2010.03615.x
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Experimental pain models may help to evaluate the mechanisms of analgesics and target the clinical indications for their use. This review, the second in a series of two, addresses how the efficacy of non-opioid analgesics have been assessed in human volunteers using experimental pain models. METHODS:A literature s...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03433.x
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Dose response relationships for salbutamol and a new bronchodilator drug NAB 365 have been obtained in patients with reversible airways obstruction. These show that the latter is about one hundred times more potent than the former. 2. NAB 365 has a very long half-life. The implications of this are discussed. ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1977.tb00669.x
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The aim was to examine patients' stated preferences to persist with medicines and to explore the influence of psychosocial and sociocognitive factors. METHODS:Community-dwelling, hypertensive patients recruited from nine European countries were invited to complete a discrete choice experiment (DCE) with attributes...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.12971
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of intravenous boluses of adenosine on respiration and heart rate were compared in young and elderly individuals. Respiratory stimulation and biphasic changes in heart rate were confirmed. The dose-response relationship for the effects of adenosine on respiration and heart-rate did not differ significantly...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb05360.x
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:We performed a prospective cohort study to gain more insight into risk factors for neuropsychiatric effects of mefloquine among tourists travelling to tropical areas. METHODS:We enrolled all patients who consulted the Travel Clinic of the Havenziekenhuis & Institute for Tropical Diseases Rotterdam for mefloquine ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.02035.x
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Pupillography is a noninvasive and cost-effective method to determine autonomic nerve activity. Genetic variants in cytochrome P450 (CYP), dopamine receptor (DRD2, DRD3), serotonin receptor (HTR2A, HTR2C) and ATP-binding cassette subfamily B (ABCB1) genes, among others, were previously associated with the pharmaco...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.14300
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Dilevalol (R,R-labetalol) is a non-selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist with beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist activity. Its effects after 1 month's administration on heart rate, blood pressure and muscle blood flow were studied in a double-blind crossover comparison with nifedipine in 16 hypertensive patients. 2. Dile...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1993.tb04192.x
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 As part of a prospective study on the use of digoxin in a general practice, plasma digoxin concentrations were measured in all patients receiving the drug. 2 A low mean plasma digoxin concentration was observed, suggesting a cautious approach to digitalization. 3 The correlation between plasma digoxin concentration ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1977.tb00720.x
更新日期:1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetic basis for using various experimental indices, (urinary drug: metabolite and metabolite:drug + metabolite ratios, urinary metabolite recovery and AUC values), for detecting polymorphic oxidative drug metabolism was examined. Pharmacokinetic determinants in addition to partial metabolic clearance dow...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1986.tb02933.x
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate a context-learning pharmacotherapy programme for approximately 750 2nd, 3rd and 4th year preclinical medical students with respect to mastering cognitive pharmacotherapeutic skills, i.e. choosing a (drug) treatment and determining patient information. METHODS:The context-learning pharmacotherapy progra...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02742.x
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many endoscopy units midazolam is replacing diazepam as the intravenous sedative of first choice. Midazolam is approximately twice as potent as diazepam. Although generally considered a safe drug, there have been a number of recent reports, particularly in the elderly, of the drug causing hypotension, respiratory d...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1987.tb03037.x
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of moxetumomab pasudotox, an anti-CD22 recombinant immunotoxin, in adults with relapsed or refractory hairy cell leukaemia, we examined data from a phase 1 study (Study 1001; n = 49) and from the pivotal clinical study (Study 1053; n = 74). METHODS:Data from both studies ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bcp.14250
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten healthy volunteers were treated for 4 days with 160 mg propranolol HCl and placebo in random order. At the end of each treatment salivary antipyrine kinetics and the plasma kinetics and urinary excretion of paracetamol and its major metabolites were measured following a 1500 mg oral dose. Propranolol prolonged the...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb03631.x
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A questionnaire examining the use of, and knowledge about over-the-counter (OTC) drugs was administered verbally to representatives from 200 urban and 200 rural households. Self-medication was common in both groups but there were more drugs present in rural (336 items) than urban homes (231 items) with the differen...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03435.x
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of ranitidine on the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol were examined in two studies. In the first study, pharmacokinetics of single doses of metoprolol were examined in six subjects before, during and after ranitidine administration for 1 week. Peak concentrations of metoprolol were increased on ranitidine bu...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1985.tb02634.x
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The effect of age on duloxetine pharmacokinetics was evaluated in healthy volunteers and in patients with urinary incontinence. METHODS:Twenty-four healthy subjects (12 women 65-77 years, and 12 women 32-50 years) were given a single 40-mg oral dose of duloxetine in Study 1. Plasma concentration-time data were an...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01963.x
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A double-blind, four period crossover study was undertaken to test for an interaction between single oral doses of nifedipine retard (20 mg) and lisinopril (20 mg) in normal subjects. 2. Side effects with both drugs were mild and the incidence was additive. 3. Blood pressure (BP) was lowered by nifedipine for 4 h, ...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1988.tb03308.x
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Previously, we determined the phenotyping of in vivo nicotine metabolism and the genotyping of the CYP2A6 gene (CYP2A6*1 A, CYP2A6*1B, CYP2A6*2, CYP2A6*3, CYP2A6*4 and CYP2A6*5 ) in 92 Japanese and 209 Koreans. In the study, we found one Korean and four Japanese subjects genotyped as CYP2A6*1B/CYP2A6*4 who reveale...
journal_title:British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2002.01667.x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00