Abstract:
:To understand the basis for T-cell-specific induction of interleukin 2 (IL-2), we have analyzed nuclear factors from the Jurkat T-lymphoid leukemia cell, which can be induced to secrete IL-2. We have used an electrophoretic mobility shift assay to examine binding of proteins to the upstream regulatory region, before and after activation with mitogens. We find two types of binding sites. One resembles an inducible enhancer element, but the protein that recognizes it is found in non-T cells and is unlikely to determine T-cell-specific expression of IL-2. A second site negatively regulates expression in resting T cells. A complex that binds to a DNA fragment containing this site is modified only when IL-2 is expressed, and it lies near a specific inducible DNase hypersensitive region. We suggest that negative regulation at this site, mediated by its associated protein(s), may contribute to the cell-specific expression of IL-2.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Nabel GJ,Gorka C,Baltimore Ddoi
10.1073/pnas.85.9.2934subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-05-01 00:00:00pages
2934-8issue
9eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
85pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Many animals employ sex pheromones to find mating partners during their reproductive seasons. However, most sex pheromones of vertebrates remain to be identified. Over the past 20 years, steroids and prostaglandins have been identified as sex pheromones in several fishes. These pheromones are broadly termed "hormonal ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0604340103
更新日期:2006-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we introduce a method to account for the shape of the potential energy curve in the evaluation of conformational free energies. The method is based on a procedure that generates a set of conformations, each with its own force-field energy, but adds a term to this energy that favors conformations that ar...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.102179699
更新日期:2002-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Sodium influx is an important early signal during the onset of mitogenesis in many types of cells. From this observation, one would predict that a decrease in extracellular Na+ concentration might retard cell proliferation. We tested this prediction by exposing sets of cultures of monkey kidney epithelial cells (BSC-1...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.13.4764
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary (i.e., heterotrophic or animal) production is a main pathway of energy flow through an ecosystem as it makes energy available to consumers, including humans. Its estimation can play a valuable role in the examination of linkages between ecosystem functions and services. We found that oil and gas platforms of...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1411477111
更新日期:2014-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Because synaptic vesicle exocytosis is a nano-mechanical process, it should be influenced by the mechanical properties of the cell membrane to which the vesicle fuses. By dissolving surfactants at various concentrations in the neuronal membrane, we have perturbed mechanical properties of the membrane and have found th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0809714105
更新日期:2008-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Ras CAAX (C = cysteine, A = aliphatic amino acid, and X = any amino acid) peptidomimetic inhibitors of farnesyl protein transferase suppress Ras-dependent cell transformation by preventing farnesylation of the Ras oncoprotein. These compounds are potential anticancer agents for tumors associated with Ras mutations. Th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.24.10919
更新日期:1995-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Control of iron homeostasis is essential for healthy central nervous system function: iron deficiency is associated with cognitive impairment, yet iron overload is thought to promote neurodegenerative diseases. Specific genetic markers have been previously identified that influence levels of transferrin, the protein t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1105543109
更新日期:2012-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::Brief incubation of partially purified preparations of hormone-sensitive lipase from rat epididymal fat pads with ATP, Mg(++), cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate and rabbit muscle protein kinase (phosphorylase b kinase kinase) resulted in enhancement of lipolytic activity (44-93%). Little or no activation was observ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.67.1.290
更新日期:1970-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The exquisite NMR spectral sensitivity and negligible reactivity of hyperpolarized xenon-129 (HP(129)Xe) make it attractive for a number of magnetic resonance applications; moreover, HP(129)Xe embodies an alternative to rare and nonrenewable (3)He. However, the ability to reliably and inexpensively produce large quant...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1306586110
更新日期:2013-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular progenitors of the coronary vasculature are believed to enter the chicken heart during epicardial morphogenesis between stages 17 and 27 (days 3-5) of egg incubation. To trace cells which give rise to the coronary arteries in vivo, we applied retroviral cell tagging procedures and analyzed clonal populations ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.20.9504
更新日期:1992-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The lectin chaperone calreticulin (CRT) assists the folding and quality control of newly synthesized glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It interacts with ERp57, a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase that promotes the formation of disulfide bonds in glycoproteins bound by CRT. Here, we investigated the interac...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.042699099
更新日期:2002-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of UV irradiation on the incorporation of [3H]uridine in HeLa (human) cell mRNA, rRNA, heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) and early mRNA from adenovirus type 2 have been compared. The UV target size of cell mRNA is at least 3 times larger than the average size of the mRNA itself and larger than the adenovir...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.10.4520
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We prepared a stable cell line expressing the glucagon receptor to characterize the effect of G(s)-coupled receptor stimulation on extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activity. Glucagon treatment of the cell line caused a dose-dependent increase in cAMP concentration, activation of cAMP-dependen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.131200398
更新日期:2001-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::We have isolated a cold-sensitive mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in which there is a deficit of 60S ribosomal subunits. Cold sensitivity and the assembly defect are recessive and cosegregate, defining a single essential gene that we designated DRS1 (deficiency of ribosomal subunits). The wild-type DRS1 gene was cl...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.23.11131
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::p300 acetylates and activates the tumor suppressor p53 after DNA damage. Here, we show that MDM2, a negative-feedback regulator of p53, inhibited p300-mediated p53 acetylation by complexing with these two proteins. First, we purified a p300-MDM2-p53 protein complex from HeLa nuclear extracts, which was inactive in p53...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.23.12547
更新日期:2000-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular mechanism of tolerance to opiate drugs is poorly understood. We have used single-channel patch-clamp recordings to study opiate receptor effects on dissociated neurons from rat amygdala, a limbic region implicated in addiction processes. A 130-pS inwardly rectifying K(+)-preferring cation channel was act...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.26.14692
更新日期:2000-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::The origin of vertebrate eyes is still enigmatic. The "frontal eye" of amphioxus, our most primitive chordate relative, has long been recognized as a candidate precursor to the vertebrate eyes. However, the amphioxus frontal eye is composed of simple ciliated cells, unlike vertebrate rods and cones, which display more...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1207580109
更新日期:2012-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem. One-third of the world's population is estimated to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the etiological agent causing TB, and active disease kills nearly 2 million individuals worldwide every year. Several lines of evidence indicate that interindividua...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1115761109
更新日期:2012-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we quantified 249 mature micro-RNA (miRNA) transcripts in estrogen receptor-positive (ER(+)) primary breast tumors of patients with lymph node-negative (LNN) disease to identify miRNAs associated with metastatic capability. In addition, the prognostic value of the candidate miRNAs was determined in ER(-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0803304105
更新日期:2008-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::Thioredoxins are 12-kDa proteins functional in the regulation of cellular processes throughout the animal, plant, and microbial kingdoms. Growing evidence with seeds suggests that an h-type of thioredoxin, reduced by NADPH via NADP-thioredoxin reductase, reduces disulfide bonds of target proteins and thereby acts as a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.071041998
更新日期:2001-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Monoaminergic neurons use dopa decarboxylase (DDC; aromatic-L-amino-acid carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.28) to form dopamine from L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa). We measured regional dopa decarboxylase activity in brains of six healthy volunteers with 6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa and positron emission tomography. We calculate...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.7.2721
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We reported previously that human cells after neoplastic transformation in culture had acquired an increased susceptibility to chromatid damage induced by x-irradiation during the G2 phase of the cell cycle. Evidence suggested that this results from deficient DNA repair during G2 phase. Cells derived from human tumors...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.16.5400
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Tol2 element of the medaka fish Oryzias latipes belongs to the hAT family of transposons (hobo/Ac/Tam3). We report here identification of a functional transposase of Tol2 that is capable of catalyzing its transposition in the germ line of zebrafish Danio rerio. A transcript produced from Tol2 encodes a putative tr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.21.11403
更新日期:2000-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) have emerged as important cellular players in tissue repair and innate immunity. Whether these cells meaningfully regulate adaptive immune responses upon activation has yet to be explored. Here we show that upon IL-1β stimulation, peripheral ILC3s become activated, secrete cytokin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1406908111
更新日期:2014-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::A cloned Bacillus subtilis gene (sprE) expressed only during the stationary growth phase is shown to encode the subtilisin E protease, an enzyme associated with sporulation. We have determined the DNA sequence of the sprE promoter region and the promoter-proximal half of the structural gene. The sprE gene codes for a ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.4.1184
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diffuse celestial sources of relatively low surface brightness such as the Milky Way, zodiacal light, and gegenschein (or contre lumière) can be studied most reliably from above the earth's atmosphere with equipment flown in artificial satellites. We review the techniques used and some of the difficulties encountered ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.3.694
更新日期:1972-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The zinc finger motif, exemplified by a segment of the Drosophila gap gene Krüppel, is a nucleic acid-binding domain present in many transcription factors. To investigate the gene family encoding this motif in the human genome, a placental genomic library was screened at moderate stringency with a degenerate oligodeox...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.21.9563
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::G-protein metallochaperones ensure fidelity during cofactor assembly for a variety of metalloproteins, including adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl)-dependent methylmalonyl-CoA mutase and hydrogenase, and thus have both medical and biofuel development applications. Here, we present crystal structures of IcmF, a natural fusion ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1419582112
更新日期:2015-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::Classical hypotheses regarding the evolutionary origin of paired appendages propose transformation of precursor structures (gill arches and lateral fin folds) into paired fins. During development, gnathostome paired appendages form as outgrowths of body wall somatopleure, a tissue composed of somatic lateral plate mes...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1304210110
更新日期:2013-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::Two brefeldin A (BFA)-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins for ADP-ribosylation factors, 200-kDa BIG1 and 190-kDa BIG2, were copurified from bovine brain cytosol associated with >670-kDa macromolecular complexes. When observed by immunofluorescence in HeLa S3 and HepG2 cells, endogenous BIG1 and coexpressed ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.6.2567
更新日期:2000-03-14 00:00:00