Nest defence behavioural reaction norms: testing life-history and parental investment theory predictions.

abstract：:Facial attractiveness is often studied on the basis of the internal facial features alone. This study investigated how this exclusion of the external features affects the perception of attractiveness. We studied the effects of two most commonly used methods of exclusion, where the shape of an occluding mask was define...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Hong Liu C,Chen W

更新日期：2018-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Science provides a method to learn about the relationships between observed patterns and the processes that generate them. However, inference can be confounded when an observed pattern cannot be clearly and wholly attributed to a hypothesized process. Over-reliance on traditional single-hypothesis methods (i.e. null h...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Yanco SW,McDevitt A,Trueman CN,Hartley L,Wunder MB

更新日期：2020-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：:In mobile social groups, influence patterns driving group movement can vary between democratic and despotic. The arrival at any single pattern of influence is thought to be underpinned by both environmental factors and group composition. To identify the specific patterns of influence driving travel decision-making in ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Bonnell TR,Clarke PM,Henzi SP,Barrett L

更新日期：2017-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Aerial habitats present a challenge to find food across a large potential search volume, particularly for insectivorous bats that rely on echolocation calls with limited detection range and may forage at heights over 1000 m. To understand how bats use vertical space, we tracked one to five foraging flights of eight co...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： O'Mara MT,Wikelski M,Kranstauber B,Dechmann DKN

更新日期：2019-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:We present experimental data on the nematic alignment of Escherichia coli bacteria confined in a slit, with an emphasis on the effect of growth rate and corresponding changes in cell aspect ratio. Global alignment with the channel walls arises from the combination of local nematic ordering of nearby cells, induced by ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Sheats J,Sclavi B,Cosentino Lagomarsino M,Cicuta P,Dorfman KD

更新日期：2017-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Pleurodires or side-necked turtles are today restricted to freshwater environments of South America, Africa-Madagascar and Australia, but in the past they were distributed much more broadly, being found also on Eurasia, India and North America, and marine environments. Two hypotheses were proposed to explain this dist...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Ferreira GS,Bronzati M,Langer MC,Sterli J

更新日期：2018-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Digested sludge, as the main by-product of the sewage sludge anaerobic digestion process, still contains considerable organic compounds. In this protocol, we report a facile method for preparing digested sludge-derived self-doped porous carbon material for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes via a sustainable p...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Zhang JJ,Fan HX,Dai XH,Yuan SJ

更新日期：2018-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:A pleiotropic gene governs multiple traits, which might constrain the evolution of complexity due to conflicting selection on these traits. However, if the pleiotropic effect is modular, then this can facilitate synergistic responses to selection on functionally related traits, thereby leveraging the evolution of comp...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Wang S,Sokolowski MB

更新日期：2017-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:A polycarboxylic/ether composite polymer electrolyte derived from two-arm monomer and polyethylene oxide (PEO) was in situ synthesized on the cathode. The composite electrolyte exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 3.6 × 10-5 S cm-1, high oxidation stability, excellent stability towards Li metal and makes Li/LiFePO4 p...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Wang W,Qiu Z,Wang Q,Zhou X,Liu Y,Zhou J,Guo B

更新日期：2020-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:MCM-41 was prepared through the sol-gel method and encapsulated by polydopamine (PDA) before being coordinated with metal ions to form a highly efficient sustained release system (M-PDA-MCM-41) for triazolone delivery. The characterization results confirmed the existence of the coordination bond between the PDA layer ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Chen H,Huang G,Zhou H,Zhou X,Xu H

更新日期：2018-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Atherothrombosis is the cornerstone of cardiovascular diseases and the primary cause of death worldwide. Genetic contribution to disturbances in lipid metabolism, coagulation, inflammation and oxidative stress increase the susceptibility to its development and progression. Given its multifactorial nature, the multiloc...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Camacho-Mejorado R,Gómez R,Torres-Sánchez LE,Alhelí Hernández-Tobías E,Noris G,Santana C,Magaña JJ,Orozco L,de la Peña-Díaz A,de la Luz Arenas-Sordo M,Meraz-Ríos MA,Majluf-Cruz A

更新日期：2020-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Ceratopsids are among the most ubiquitous dinosaur taxa from the Late Cretaceous terrestrial formations of the Western Interior of North America, comprising two subfamilies, Chasmosaurinae and Centrosaurinae. The Two Medicine Formation of northwestern Montana has produced numerous remains of centrosaurine dinosaurs, w...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Wilson JP,Ryan MJ,Evans DC

更新日期：2020-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Here we examined the kinematic function of the morpho- logically unique first thoracic vertebra in giraffes. The first thoracic vertebra of the giraffe displayed similar shape to the seventh cervical vertebra in general ruminants. The flexion experiment using giraffe carcasses demonstrated that the first thoracic vert...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Gunji M,Endo H

更新日期：2016-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Stochastic fluctuations in reaction-diffusion processes often have substantial effect on spatial and temporal dynamics of signal transductions in complex biological systems. One popular approach for simulating these processes is to divide the system into small spatial compartments assuming that molecules react only wi...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Lo WC,Zheng L,Nie Q

更新日期：2016-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Cooperation behaviour is an important topic in society as well as in the biological field, and many factors yield cooperation. Many social phenomena constitute Stackelberg games, but there is little literature on the relationship between Stackelberg games and cooperation. This article shows that in the repeated dynami...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Nie PY,Wang C,Cui T

更新日期：2019-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In ecology, climate and other fields, (sub)systems have been identified that can transition into a qualitatively different state when a critical threshold or tipping point in a driving process is crossed. An understanding of those tipping elements is of great interest given the increasing influence of humans on the bi...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Klose AK,Karle V,Winkelmann R,Donges JF

更新日期：2020-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Improving the specific capacity and electronic conductivity of TiO2 can boost its practical application as a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries. In this work, a three-dimensional networking oxygen-deficient nano TiO2-x/carbon fibre membrane was achieved by combining the electrospinning process with a h...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Jing MX,Li JQ,Han C,Yao SS,Zhang J,Zhai HA,Chen LL,Shen XQ,Xiao KS

更新日期：2017-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we investigated the extent to which adolescents who spend time playing violent video games exhibit higher levels of aggressive behaviour when compared with those who do not. A large sample of British adolescent participants (n = 1004) aged 14 and 15 years and an equal number of their carers were intervi...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Przybylski AK,Weinstein N

更新日期：2019-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Mounting evidence suggests that we are experiencing rapidly accelerating global climate change. Understanding how climate change may affect life is critical to identifying species and populations that are vulnerable. Most current research focuses on investigating how organisms may respond to gradual warming, but anoth...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Kozlovsky DY,Branch CL,Pitera AM,Pravosudov VV

更新日期：2018-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Social insects live in dense groups with a high probability of disease transmission and have therefore faced strong pressures to develop defences against pathogens. For this reason, social insects have been hypothesized to invest in antimicrobial secretions as a mechanism of external immunity to prevent the spread of ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Penick CA,Halawani O,Pearson B,Mathews S,López-Uribe MM,Dunn RR,Smith AA

更新日期：2018-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Metacommunity theory highlights the potential of β-diversity as a useful link to empirical research, especially in diverse systems where species exhibit a range of stage-dependent dispersal characteristics. To investigate the importance of different components and scales of β-diversity in community assembly, we conduc...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Chiantore M,Thrush SF,Asnaghi V,Hewitt JE

更新日期：2018-08-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Nano-size EVONIK AEROXIDE® P25 titanium dioxide, TiO2, powder was heat-treated at temperatures, 700-900°C, in air. An X-ray diffraction study showed that the P25 powder is composed of approximately 20 and approximately 80 mass% of rutile and anatase phases, respectively. It was also shown that the transformation from ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Ishigaki T,Nakada Y,Tarutani N,Uchikoshi T,Tsujimoto Y,Isobe M,Ogata H,Zhang C,Hao D

更新日期：2020-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Batch experiments were conducted to test the effects of various solution properties, such as pH, temperature, initial concentration and anoxic and aerobic atmosphere, on Cd removal by nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) supported on industrial coal fly ash. Cd (II) could be removed by adsorption on fly ash-nZVI in a very...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Ma L,Wei Q,Chen Y,Song Q,Sun C,Wang Z,Wu G

更新日期：2018-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Nanofertilization is postulated as a new technology to deal with the environmental problems caused by the intensive use of traditional fertilizers. One of the aims of this new technology is to improve foliar fertilization, which has many environmental advantages, but currently there are numerous factors that limit its...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Rios JJ,Yepes-Molina L,Martinez-Alonso A,Carvajal M

更新日期：2020-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has long been an essential tool for understanding the structure of materials. Over the past couple of decades, this venerable technique has undergone a number of revolutions, such as the development of aberration correction for atomic level imaging, the realization of cryogenic T...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Pu S,Gong C,Robertson AW

更新日期：2020-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement has been widely used in clinics as bone repair materials for its excellent mechanical properties and good injection properties. However, it also has defects such as poor biological performance, high temperature, and the monomer has certain toxicity. Our study tried to modify ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Liu X,Cheng C,Peng X,Xiao H,Guo C,Wang X,Li L,Yu X

更新日期：2019-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The anatomical design of the human foot is considered to facilitate generation of bipedal walking. However, how the morphology and structure of the human foot actually contribute to generation of bipedal walking remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the three-dimensional kinematics of the foot bones u...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Ito K,Hosoda K,Shimizu M,Ikemoto S,Nagura T,Seki H,Kitashiro M,Imanishi N,Aiso S,Jinzaki M,Ogihara N

更新日期：2017-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Varanopids are a basal clade of small- to medium-sized non-therapsid synapsids, whose range extends from the late Pennsylvanian to the late middle Permian, and are found in North America, Russia, Europe and South Africa. The greatest varanopid diversity is observed at the fossiliferous cave deposits near Richards Spur...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Maho S,Gee BM,Reisz RR

更新日期：2019-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Although high status is often considered a desirable quality, this may not always be the case. Different factors may moderate the value of high status along a dimension such as wealth (e.g. gender, perceiver income/education). For example, studies suggest men may value wealth and control over resources more than women...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Mattan BD,Cloutier J

更新日期：2020-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Helical organic micro- and nanostructures are formed by a charge-transfer complex, cinchonidine-TCNQ. These unusual forms result from the chirality, the steric structure and specific interactions of cinchonidine molecules. These materials are semiconductors (10-4 S cm-1), with the typical absorption spectra in IR and ...

journal_title：Royal Society open science

authors： Langer JJ,Hreczycho G

更新日期：2018-03-14 00:00:00