Microbial biospherics: The experimental study of ecosystem function and evolution.

abstract：:Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) strains that have been passaged in vitro rapidly acquire mutations that impact viral growth. These laboratory-adapted strains of HCMV generally exhibit restricted tropism, produce high levels of cell-free virus, and develop susceptibility to natural killer cells. To permit experimentation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Murrell I,Bedford C,Ladell K,Miners KL,Price DA,Tomasec P,Wilkinson GWG,Stanton RJ

更新日期：2017-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Voltage-gated Na+ channels are the molecular targets of local anesthetics, class I antiarrhythmic drugs, and some anticonvulsants. These chemically diverse drugs inhibit Na+ channels with complex voltage- and frequency-dependent properties that reflect preferential drug binding to open and inactivated channel states. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ragsdale DS,McPhee JC,Scheuer T,Catterall WA

更新日期：1996-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated and analyzed a cDNA from the central nervous system of the mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis encoding a putative receptor, which might be a natural hybrid between two different classes of receptor proteins. Preceded by a signal peptide, two types of repeated sequences are present in the N-terminal part of the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tensen CP,Van Kesteren ER,Planta RJ,Cox KJ,Burke JF,van Heerikhuizen H,Vreugdenhil E

更新日期：1994-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromosome 14 allelic loss is common in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and may reflect essential tumor suppressor gene loss in tumorigenesis. An intact chromosome 14 was transferred to an NPC cell line using a microcell-mediated chromosome transfer approach. Microcell hybrids (MCHs) containing intact exogenously trans...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cheung AK,Lung HL,Ko JM,Cheng Y,Stanbridge EJ,Zabarovsky ER,Nicholls JM,Chua D,Tsao SW,Guan XY,Lung ML

更新日期：2009-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The gene V protein of bacteriophage f1 is a single-stranded DNA and RNA-binding protein composed of two identical subunits. We have constructed single-chain variants of the protein using short peptide linkers of five or six amino acids to connect the carboxyl terminus of one monomer to the amino terminus of the second...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liang H,Sandberg WS,Terwilliger TC

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because of the rise in atmospheric oxygen 2.3 billion years ago (Gya) and the subsequent changes in oceanic redox state over the last 2.3-1 Gya, trace metal bioavailability in marine environments has changed dramatically. Although theorized to have influenced the biological usage of metals leaving discernable genomic ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dupont CL,Yang S,Palenik B,Bourne PE

更新日期：2006-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:An explicitly polarizable force field based exclusively on quantum data is applied to calculations of relative binding affinities of ligands to proteins. Five ligands, differing by replacement of an atom or functional group, in complexes with three serine proteases-trypsin, thrombin, and urokinase-type plasminogen act...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khoruzhii O,Donchev AG,Galkin N,Illarionov A,Olevanov M,Ozrin V,Queen C,Tarasov V

更新日期：2008-07-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Inferring causal effects from observational and interventional data is a highly desirable but ambitious goal. Many of the computational and statistical methods are plagued by fundamental identifiability issues, instability, and unreliable performance, especially for large-scale systems with many measured variables. We...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meinshausen N,Hauser A,Mooij JM,Peters J,Versteeg P,Bühlmann P

更新日期：2016-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular potassium concentration is actively maintained within narrow limits in all higher organisms. Slight variations in extracellular potassium levels can induce major alterations of essential physiological functions in excitable tissues. Here we describe that superfusion of cultured rat hippocampal neurones w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pardo LA,Heinemann SH,Terlau H,Ludewig U,Lorra C,Pongs O,Stühmer W

更新日期：1992-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleolinus is an RNA-rich compartment, closely apposed to or embedded within the nucleolus. Discovered over 150 y ago, fewer than two dozen articles have been published on the nucleolinus, probably because complex histochemical stains are required for its visualization in the great majority of cells. The nucleoli...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alliegro MA,Henry JJ,Alliegro MC

更新日期：2010-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Prion diseases are characterized by an accumulation of PrP(Sc), a misfolded isoform of the normal cellular prion protein, PrP(C). We previously reported the bioactivity of acridine-based compounds against PrP(Sc) replication in scrapie-infected neuroblastoma cells and now report the improved potency of bis-acridine co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： May BC,Fafarman AT,Hong SB,Rogers M,Deady LW,Prusiner SB,Cohen FE

更新日期：2003-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The electrical transport through self-assembled monolayers of alkanedithiols was studied in large-area molecular junctions and described by the Simmons model [Simmons JG (1963) J Appl Phys 34:1793-1803 and 2581-2590] for tunneling through a practical barrier, i.e., a rectangular barrier with the image potential includ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Akkerman HB,Naber RC,Jongbloed B,van Hal PA,Blom PW,de Leeuw DM,de Boer B

更新日期：2007-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Murine hematopoietic blast colony-forming cells (BL-CFCs) are able to generate up to 30,000 progeny blast cells within 10 d in agar cultures. Contained in these populations are large numbers of lineage-committed progenitor cells in the granulocytic and macrophage lineages. Sequential analyses of blast colonies reveale...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Metcalf D,Ng A,Mifsud S,Di Rago L

更新日期：2010-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase (4-phosphatase) is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of the 4-position phosphate from phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate [PtdIns(3,4)P2]. In human platelets the formation of this phosphatidylinositol, by the actions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase), correlate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Munday AD,Norris FA,Caldwell KK,Brown S,Majerus PW,Mitchell CA

更新日期：1999-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Children whose parents divorce tend to have worse educational outcomes than children whose parents stay married. However, not all children respond identically to their parents divorcing. We focus on how the impact of parental divorce on children's education varies by how likely or unlikely divorce was for those parent...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brand JE,Moore R,Song X,Xie Y

更新日期：2019-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) is a transcriptional coactivator that controls expression of metabolic/energetic genes, programming cellular responses to nutrient and environmental adaptations such as fasting, cold, or exercise. Unlike other coactivators, PGC-1α contai...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tavares CDJ,Aigner S,Sharabi K,Sathe S,Mutlu B,Yeo GW,Puigserver P

更新日期：2020-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive dysfunction of central neurons. Recent experimental evidence indicates that in the cortex, in addition to the silencing of a fraction of neurons, other neurons are hyperactive in amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque-enriched regions. However, it has remained unknown what com...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Busche MA,Chen X,Henning HA,Reichwald J,Staufenbiel M,Sakmann B,Konnerth A

更新日期：2012-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucocorticoid hormones increase the level of hepatic tryptophan oxygenase (EC 1.13.11.11; L-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing) by increasing its rate of synthesis. Studies were performed to determine whether this induction is mediated by controlling the level of the mRNA for tryptophan oxygenase of by...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schutz G,Killewich L,Chen G,Feigelson P

更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IL-27-induced type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells suppress autoimmunity by producing IL-10. Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 and STAT3 have been described as key transcription factors that promote IL-10 secretion from Tr1 cells induced by IL-27. However, the molecular pathways for negatively regul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu C,Pot C,Apetoh L,Thalhamer T,Zhu B,Murugaiyan G,Xiao S,Lee Y,Rangachari M,Yosef N,Kuchroo VK

更新日期：2013-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) comprises a significant portion of atmospheric particular matter. The impact of particular matter on both human health and global climate has long been recognized. Despite its importance, there are still many unanswered questions regarding the formation and evolution of SOA in the atmos...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chang WL,Griffin RJ,Dabdub D

更新日期：2010-04-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) undergo self-renewal divisions to support spermatogenesis throughout life. Although several positive regulators of SSC self-renewal have been discovered, little is known about the negative regulators. Here, we report that F-box and WD-40 domain protein 7 (FBXW7), a component of the Skp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kanatsu-Shinohara M,Onoyama I,Nakayama KI,Shinohara T

更新日期：2014-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphorylation plays a critical role in controlling the function of cytoskeletal assemblies but no direct method yet exists to measure the phosphorylation state of proteins at the level of individual molecules and assemblies. Herein, we apply scanning transmission electron microscopy in combination with electron ener...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leapman RD,Gallant PE,Reese TS,Andrews SB

更新日期：1997-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluorescence decay functions of individual, specifically labeled tRNAPhe molecules exhibit nonexponential character as a result of conformational dynamics occurring during the measurement on a single molecule. tRNAPhe conformational states that interchange much more slowly are evidenced by the distribution of life...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jia Y,Sytnik A,Li L,Vladimirov S,Cooperman BS,Hochstrasser RM

更新日期：1997-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Deuterium oxide, D(2)O, increases the temperature-tolerance of Drosophila pseudoobscura when it is administered to adult flies as a sucrose solution. The effect is very rapidly exerted; it is detected within 10 min after the flies have a brief (10 min) opportunity to drink. This increased resistance to heat-death sure...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pittendrigh CS,Cosbey ES

更新日期：1974-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The severe cooling and the expansion of the ice sheets during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), 27,000-19,000 y ago (27-19 ky ago) had a major impact on plant and animal populations, including humans. Changes in human population size and range have affected our genetic evolution, and recent modeling efforts have reaffir...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tallavaara M,Luoto M,Korhonen N,Järvinen H,Seppä H

更新日期：2015-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike normal cells, malignant rat and two simian virus 40-transformed human cell lines can neither grow nor survive in B12-and folate-supplemented media in which methionine is replaced by homocysteine. Yet three lines of evidence indicate that the malignant and transformed cells synthesize large amounts of methionine...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hoffman RM,Erbe RW

更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA transcription in Euglena gracilis chloroplasts has been characterized by hybridization of RNA from cells at different stages of chloroplast development to (3)H-labeled chloroplast DNA restriction endonuclease fragments. Chloroplast DNA was digested into five fragments of 53,000, 35,000, 25,000, 10,000, and 6900 ba...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chelm BK,Hallick RB,Gray PW

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mature larvae of Sarcophaga argyrostoma fail to form puparia when kept in contact with water, but pupariate after having been subsequently exposed to dryness for 30 hr. They become increasingly more sensitive to injected ecdysone the longer the exposure to dry conditions. A second wet treatment halts the production of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zdarek J,Fraenkel G

更新日期：1970-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In binocular rivalry, a subject views two incongruent stimuli through each eye but consciously perceives only one stimulus at a time, with a switch in perceptual dominance every few seconds. To investigate the neural correlates of perceptual dominance in humans, seven subjects were recorded with a 148-channel magnetoe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tononi G,Srinivasan R,Russell DP,Edelman GM

更新日期：1998-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:To generate transgenic planarians we used a set of versatile vectors for animal transgenesis based on the promiscuous transposons, mariner, Hermes and piggyBac, and a universal enhanced GFP (EGFP) marker system with three Pax6 dimeric binding sites, the 3xP3-EGFP developed by Berghammer et al. [Berghammer, A. J., Klin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： González-Estévez C,Momose T,Gehring WJ,Saló E

更新日期：2003-11-25 00:00:00