Développement et implantation d'une intervention ciblée encourageant le dépistage régulier du VIH chez les travailleuses du sexe au Bénin : application du protocole d' intervention mapping.

Abstract:

:Cet article présente le processus suivi pour développer et implanter une intervention ciblée encourageant les femmes travailleuses du sexe (TS) à se faire dépister régulièrement pour le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (VIH) dans les services de santé adaptés au Bénin. Le modèle de planification d' intervention mapping (IM) de Bartholomew et al. (2006), structuré en six étapes, a servi de référence pour guider le développement et l'implantation de l'intervention. Une analyse des besoins a été réalisée à partir d'une revue de littérature et d'une étude basée sur la théorie du comportement planifié, d'Ajzen (1991). Cette analyse a permis d'identifier les déterminants associés au comportement sur lesquels ont porté les actions de changement. Les méthodes et stratégies d'intervention ont été basées sur des théories et adaptées aux besoins des femmes TS. Les résultats consistent en une intervention de neuf mois visant à couvrir plus de 1200 femmes TS, en impliquant divers acteurs (intervenants communautaires, agents de santé et pairs éducatrices). La perception de contrôle comportemental, la norme descriptive, les connaissances, l'attitude et l'intention d'adopter le dépistage régulier du VIH constituent les cibles d'action. L'intervention comporte des activités visant des changements individuels et environnementaux à travers diverses méthodes comme le counseling motivationnel, l'éducation par les pairs, le modeling, la communication persuasive, le renforcement de capacités et la réorganisation des services cliniques. L'IM a permis de structurer et d'implanter avec transparence une intervention ciblée visant l'adoption d'un comportement favorable à la santé chez les femmes TS. Les enjeux rencontrés et les leçons tirées de l'application de l'IM en contexte africain francophone peuvent inspirer les planificateurs et professionnels pour améliorer leurs interventions en promotion de la santé.

journal_name

Glob Health Promot

journal_title

Global health promotion

authors

Batona G,Gagnon MP,Guedou AF,Kintin FD,Avocè J,Alary M

doi

10.1177/1757975916663874

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-09-01 00:00:00

pages

81-92

issue

3

eissn

1757-9759

issn

1757-9767

journal_volume

25

pub_type

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