Abstract:
:Albertsen, in his recent article, offers an assessment of the recently introduced opt-out system for organ donation in Wales. However, he focuses on whether concerns raised prior to the enactment of the new system have been realised, rather than any positive impact on the number of actual donors. This side-lining of the main issue has resulted in a strangely positive portrayal of a system that has not yet yielded the results hoped for. Further, his failure to examine data over a number of years-instead opting for just 2-fails to even provide a fair assessment of the concerns he acknowledges.
journal_name
J Med Ethicsjournal_title
Journal of medical ethicsauthors
Parsons JAdoi
10.1136/medethics-2018-104935subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-03-01 00:00:00pages
210issue
3eissn
0306-6800issn
1473-4257pii
medethics-2018-104935journal_volume
45pub_type
评论,杂志文章abstract::Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to revolutionise the practice of medicine. Recent advancements in the field of deep learning have demonstrated success in variety of clinical tasks: detecting diabetic retinopathy from images, predicting hospital readmissions, aiding in the discovery of new drugs, etc. AI's pro...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2019-105935
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior to the second world war, most persons confined in insane asylums were regarded as legally incompetent and had guardians appointed for them. Today, most persons confined in mental hospitals (or treated involuntarily, committed to outpatient treatment) are, in law, competent; nevertheless, in fact, they are treate...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jme.2004.008748
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several distinct arguments conclude that terminally ill patients have a right to a medically assisted death; two are especially influential: the autonomy argument and the non-harm argument. Both have proven convincing to many, but not to those who view the duty not to kill as an (almost) absolute constraint. Some phil...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2016-103575
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic parenthood is usually portrayed as a value-neutral concept that can be confirmed or rejected based on objective, scientific tests. However, on inspection, it is exposed as a very complex idea that we might need to consider as something that comes in different shapes and forms and that is open to interpretation...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2013-101830
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ancillary care is care that research participants need that is not essential to make the research safe or scientifically valid and is not needed to remedy injuries that eventuate as a result of the research project itself. Ancillary care duties have recently been defended on the grounds of beneficence, entrustment, ut...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2010.035758
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a recent article in this journal, Anna Christensen raises an 'Epicurean challenge' to Don Marquis' much-discussed argument for the immorality of abortion. According to Marquis' argument, abortion is pro tanto morally wrong because it deprives the fetus of 'a future like ours'. Drawing on the Epicurean idea that dea...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2019-105771
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Teaching medical ethics by the case method may be enriched by adding to the principles-and-rules approach to practical reasoning modes of inquiry and interpretation that engage the moral imagination. :Carson and Higgs are strong advocates of the use of case studies in the teaching of medical ethics. Carson maintains...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.12.1.36
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transplant coordinators play a pivotal role in the process of obtaining consent for live or dead donation of organs. The objective of the project is to unveil emotional experiences and ethical conduct of transplant coordinators using a qualitative research methodology. Ten transplant coordinators who have worked for m...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2019-105593
更新日期:2020-07-28 00:00:00
abstract::My sexual rights puzzle according to which positive sexual rights are not compatible with negative sexual rights has been recently criticised in the Journal of Medical Ethics by Steven J Firth, who has put forward three objections to the puzzle. In this brief response, I analyse and reject each of these three objectio...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2019-105642
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) by request and/or based on an advance directive are legal in The Netherlands under strict conditions, thus providing options for patients with Huntington's disease (HD) and other neurodegenerative diseases to stay in control and choose their end of life. HD is an inherit...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100369
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since Bennett, Draper, and Frith published a paper in this journal in 2000 considering the possible criminalisation of HIV transmission, an important legal development has taken place. February 2001 saw the first successful United Kingdom prosecution for the sexual transmission of disease for over a century, when Step...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.28.3.160
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many people, living with genital herpes generates not just episodic physical discomfort but recurrent emotional distress, centred on concerns about how to live and love safely without passing infection to others. This article considers the evidence on herpes transmission, levels of sexual risk, when the law has in...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2012-100894
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The realm of non-rational influence, which includes nudging, is home to many other morally interesting phenomena. In this paper, I introduce the term bumping, to discuss the category of unintentional non-rational influence. Bumping happens constantly, wherever people make choices in environments where they are affecte...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2018-105179
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study investigated Finnish physicians' experiences of decisions concerning living wills and do not resuscitate (DNR) orders and also their views on the role of patients and family members in these decisions. DESIGN:A questionnaire was sent to 800 physicians representing the following specialties: gener...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2002.001081
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ethics of the Flexibility In duty hour Requirements for Surgical Trainees (FIRST) trial have been vehemently debated. Views on the ethics of the FIRST trial range from it being completely unethical to wholly unproblematic. The FIRST trial illustrates the complex ethical challenges posed by cluster randomised trial...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2017-104282
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this response article, we challenge a core assumption that lies at the centre of a round table discussion regarding the Pharmacogenetics to Avoid Loss of Hearing trial. The round table regards a genetic test for a variant (mt.1555A>G) that increases the risk of deafness if a carrier is given the antibiotic gentamic...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2020-106807
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is a continuation of and a development of a debate between John Keown and me. The issue discussed is whether, in Britain, an unpaid system of blood donation promotes and is justified by its promotion of altruism. Doubt is cast on the notions that public policies can, and, if they can, that they should, be aimed a...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.25.6.532
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recognising that offers of payment to research participants can serve various purposes-reimbursement, compensation and incentive-helps uncover differences between participants, which can justify differential payment of participants within the same study. Participants with different study-related expenses will need dif...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2018-105140
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the 5th International Conference on Priorities in Health Care in Wellington, New Zealand, 2004, one resonating theme was that for priority setting to be effective, it has to include clinicians in both decision making and the enforcement of those decisions. There was, however, a disturbing undertone to this theme, n...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2006.017871
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Because opioids can suppress respiratory drive, the principle of double effect (PDE) has been used to justify their use for terminally ill patients. Recent studies, however, suggest that the risk of respiratory depression in typical end-of-life (EOL) situations may be overstated and that heightened concern f...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100105
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Body art as expressed through non-therapeutic bodily modification is extremely popular, with techniques ranging from the commonplace such as ear piercing to the more esoteric forms such as tongue splitting. Scarification is one such body art practice that is becoming popular as an alternative to tattooing and ear pier...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2008.027615
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To report results from a national survey of coordinators and managers of clinical research studies in the US on their perceptions of and experiences with scientific misconduct. METHODS:Data were collected using the Scientific Misconduct Questionnaire-Revised. Eligible responses were received from 1645 of 530...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2006.016394
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Robert Veatch has proposed a model of the doctor-patient relationship that has as its foundation the sharing of values between the doctor and the patient. This paper uses qualitative research conducted with six doctors involved in the long term, specialised care of HIV positive patients in South Australia to explore t...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2002.001560
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a simple means of brain stimulation, possesses a trifecta of appealing features: it is relatively safe, relatively inexpensive and relatively effective. It is also relatively easy to obtain a device and the do-it-yourself (DIY) community has become galvanised by reports ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/medethics-2013-101458
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Principles of autonomy and self-determination have been upheld as vital to modern-day medical and ethical practice. However, the complexities of current health care and changes in the expectation of some patients and their families justify a review of such concepts. Their limitations and relativities may suggest that ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.15.1.12
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Medical tourism involves patients travelling internationally to receive medical services. This practice raises a range of ethical issues, including potential harms to the patient's home and destination country and risks to the patient's own health. Medical tourists often engage the services of a facilitator ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jme.2011.042374
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This reply to John F Catherwood's criticism of brain-related criteria for death argues that brainstem criteria are neither reductionist nor do they presuppose a materialist theory of mind. Furthermore, it is argued that brain-related criteria are compatible with the majority of religious views concerning death. ...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.18.1.40
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are various ways in which medicine and literature interact, but this paper concentrates on the contribution which literature can make to 'whole person understanding'. Scientific understanding is concerned with seeing events and actions in terms of patterns or similarities. But 'whole person understanding' is con...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.17.2.93
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The question of whether old age should or should not play a role in medical decision-making for the elderly patient is regularly debated in ethics and medicine. In this paper we investigate exactly how age influences the decision-making process. To explore the normative argumentation in the decisions regarding an elde...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2008.025247
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following the influential Gifford and Reith lectures by Onora O'Neill, this paper explores further the paradigm of individual autonomy which has been so dominant in bioethics until recently and concurs that it is an aberrant application and that conceptions of individual autonomy cannot provide a sufficient and convin...
journal_title:Journal of medical ethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jme.2004.008292
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00