Abstract：
:Localization and translation of mRNAs within different subcellular domains provides an important mechanism to spatially and temporally introduce new proteins in polarized cells. Neurons make use of this localized protein synthesis during initial growth, regeneration and functional maintenance of their axons. Although the first evidence for protein synthesis in axons dates back to 1960s, improved methodologies, including the ability to isolate axons to purity, highly sensitive RNA detection methods and imaging approaches, have shed new light on the complexity of the transcriptome of the axon and how it is regulated. Moreover, these efforts are now uncovering new roles for locally synthesized proteins in neurological diseases and injury responses. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we provide an overview of how axonal mRNA transport and translation are regulated, and discuss their emerging links to neurological disorders and neural repair.
journal_name
J Cell Scijournal_title
Journal of cell scienceauthors
Sahoo PK,Smith DS,Perrone-Bizzozero N,Twiss JLdoi
10.1242/jcs.196808subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-04-13 00:00:00issue
8eissn
0021-9533issn
1477-9137pii
131/8/jcs196808journal_volume
131pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Apical and basolateral endocytic pathways in polarised Caco-2 cells were investigated by following the uptake, recycling and transcytosis of the galactose-binding protein toxin ricin, as a membrane marker. Differences in the extent and kinetics of lectin uptake, recycling and transcytosis were observed at the apical a...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During cell division, misaligned chromosomes are captured and aligned by motors before their segregation. The CENP-E motor is recruited to polar unattached kinetochores to facilitate chromosome alignment. The spindle checkpoint protein BubR1 (also known as BUB1B) has been reported as a CENP-E interacting partner, but ...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.246025
更新日期：2020-08-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Errors during the first meiotic division are common in our species, but virtually all occur during female meiosis. The reason why oogenesis is more error prone than spermatogenesis remains unknown. Normal segregation of homologous chromosomes at the first meiotic division (MI) requires coordinated behavior of the sist...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cofilin has emerged as a key regulator of actin dynamics at the leading edge of motile cells. Through its actin-severing activity, it creates new actin barbed ends for polymerization and also depolymerizes old actin filaments. Its function is tightly regulated in the cell. Spatially, its activity is restricted by othe...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.01631
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a post-translational modification of proteins involved in the regulation of chromatin structure, DNA metabolism, cell division and cell death. Through the hydrolysis of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) has a crucial role in the control of life-and-death balance f...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.039115
更新日期：2009-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:One aspect of human placental function which has not hitherto been studied is the ability of the placenta to digest proteins intracellularly and use the products of hydrolysis to supply its own and foetall complement of hydrolytic enzymes, including the acid proteases cathepsin C and D. We have used trophoblast cells ...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult newt cardiomyocytes, in contrast to their mammalian counterparts, can proliferate after injury and contribute to the functional regeneration of the heart. In order to understand the mechanisms underlying this plasticity we performed longitudinal studies on single cardiomyocytes in culture. We find that the major...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.00698
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of basal epithelial cells in prostatic function, development and carcinogenesis is unknown. The ability of basal prostatic epithelial cells to acquire a luminal phenotype was explored in vitro using the NRP-152 rat dorsal-lateral prostate epithelial cell line as a model system. NRP-152, which was spontaneousl...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cilia and flagella are conserved eukaryotic organelles important for motility and sensory. The RanGTPase, best known for nucleocytoplasmic transport functions, may also play a role in protein trafficking into the specialized flagellar/ciliary compartments, although the regulatory mechanisms controlling Ran activity at...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.148015
更新日期：2014-11-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.116996
更新日期：2013-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Dynamin, a microtubule-activated GTPase, has recently been identified as the product of the shibire gene in Drosophila. shi(ts) mutants are defective in synaptic vesicle recycling, which leads to rapid and reversible temperature-sensitive paralysis. In the present study, results from RNase protection assays and analys...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the eukaryotic cell, a protein quality control process termed endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) rids the ER of aberrant proteins and unassembled components of protein complexes that fail to reach a transport-competent state. To identify novel genes required for ERAD, we devised a rapid immunoassay...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.00439
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Integral membrane and secretory proteins which fail to fold productively are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum and targeted for degradation by cytoplasmic proteasomes. Genetic and biochemical analyses suggest that substrates of this pathway must be dislocated across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) b...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently isolated trophoblasts express nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS-2) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), decreasing the levels of the corresponding mRNAs when the cells were maintained in culture. The sustained expression of COX-2 and NOS-2 in trophoblasts was dependent on the activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappa...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A universal feature of mitosis is that all chromosomes become aligned at the spindle equator--the halfway point between the two spindle poles--prior to anaphase onset. This migratory event is called congression, and is powered by centromere-bound protein machines called kinetochores. This Commentary aims to document r...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1242/jcs.169367
更新日期：2015-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95/SAP-90) is a palmitoylated membrane-associated guanylate kinase that oligomerizes and clusters ion channels and associated signaling machinery at excitatory synapses in brain. However, the mechanism for PSD-95 oligomerization and its relationship to ion channel clustering remain...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.00617
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:p97 (CDC-48 in Caenorhabditis elegans) is a ubiquitin-selective AAA (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) chaperone and its key function is to disassemble protein complexes. p97 functions in diverse cellular processes including endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation, membrane fusion, and mei...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.052415
更新日期：2009-10-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to directly image hippocampal neurons and glia. Using chemically fixed and living cells it was possible to reconstruct three-dimensional cell structure and detect sub-cellular features such as the nucleus, mitochondria and filaments. By repeatedly scanning a single living cel...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.216093
更新日期：2018-08-13 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.104950
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immobilization of cells by specific immune serum involves crosslinking between immunoglobulin G (IgG) and the i-antigen in the cell membrane. Globular material is seen to accumulate at the ciliary tips by phase-contrast and fluorescence microscopy in a manner analogous to 'capping' in more typical eukaryotes. When imm...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitosis involves considerable membrane remodelling and vesicular trafficking to generate two independent cells. Consequently, endocytosis and endocytic proteins are required for efficient mitotic progression and completion. Several endocytic proteins also participate in mitosis in an endocytosis-independent manner. He...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1242/jcs.105981
更新日期：2012-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The ret finger protein (rfp) is a member of the B-box zinc finger gene family many of which may function in growth regulation and in the appropriate context become oncogenic. Members of this family are nuclear proteins that possess a characteristic tripartite motif consisting of the RING and B-box zinc binding domains...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spindle checkpoint detects errors in kinetochore attachment to microtubules and delays anaphase if attachment is improper. The checkpoint is activated by attachment-sensitive components including Mad2 and certain phosphorylated proteins detected by the 3F3/2 antibody. We have studied Mad2 and 3F3/2 immunofluoresce...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA replication in the polytene chromosomes of larval salivary glands of Drosophila hydei has been examined under normal physiological conditions, with or without puromycin, by an autoradiographic procedure using [3H]thymidine. It has been demonstrated that puromycin induces new labelling patterns that can be identifi...
journal_title：Journal of cell science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
