Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Pharmacological inhibition of immune checkpoint receptors or their ligands represents a transformative breakthrough in the management of multiple cancers. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors have yet to be FDA-approved for the management of metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), the commonest non-cutaneous malignancy in men. Areas covered: We review our current understanding of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in cancer, the use of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapeutics in PCa, and potential subgroups of PCa patients who may derive the greatest benefit from these agents (such as men with tumors that have expression of PD-L1 and/or high mutational load). We also review the prior and current clinical trials evaluating the blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 in PCa, highlighting some of the key ongoing studies of greatest relevance to the field. Expert commentary: Clinical trials investigating PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors should be encouraged in patients with PCa. While it is unlikely that immune checkpoint monotherapies will produce long-lasting responses in a substantial proportion of patients, there is early evidence of activity in some patient subsets. These subgroups may include those with high PD-L1 expression, those with hypermutated or microsatellite-unstable tumors, and those enriched for germline and/or somatic DNA-repair gene mutations (e.g. intraductal/ductal histology, primary Gleason pattern 5, and perhaps AR-V7-positive tumors).
journal_name
Expert Rev Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Expert review of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Isaacsson Velho P,Antonarakis ESdoi
10.1080/17512433.2018.1464388subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-05-01 00:00:00pages
475-486issue
5eissn
1751-2433issn
1751-2441journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Ziprasidone, a benzisothiazolyl piperazine derivative of tiospirone, is a second-generation antipsychotic with high-affinity antagonism for 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HT)(2A), 5HT(2C), 5HT(1D) and D(2) receptors, pre- and post-synaptic agonism for 5HT(1A) receptors, and inhibition of reuptake for serotonin and norepinephri...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ecp.10.139
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregnancy represents a major challenge in the management of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, with substantial risks to both mother and baby. Over the past 40 years there have been major improvements in outcomes. This partly relates to the discovery of the antiphospholipid syndrome, which has transformed man...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/ecp.10.55
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::RNAi is a powerful gene silencing process that holds great promise in cancer therapy by the use of siRNA. The aim of this review is to give an outline on different approaches to deliver siRNA and to describe the advantages and disadvantages of these systems. The prospects for siRNA are to be substantially better than ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ecp.12.33
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knee osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. Given the aging of the world's population, the burden of this disease is expected to increase significantly over the next few decades. As a pharmacological agent, glucosamine has been investigated for the treatment of symptoms and progression of knee osteoarthr...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/ecp.09.17
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoarthritis is a progressive disease that affects millions of people worldwide, but for which there are no curative options and indeed a limited number of medical treatment options. The American College of Rheumatology recommendations suggest administering either a traditional NSAID or a COX-2-selective inhibitor f...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17512433.1.3.345
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secukinumab (also known as AIN-457) is a human monoclonal antibody targeting IL-17A, which has been recently FDA-approved for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis with coexistent moderate to severe plaque psoriasis based on clinical trials demonstrating excellent efficacy. This review ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2016.1129894
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In pediatric pharmacotherapy, many drugs are still used off-label, and their efficacy and safety is not well characterized. Different efficacy and safety profiles in children of varying ages may be anticipated, due to developmental changes occurring across pediatric life. AREAS COVERED:Beside pharmacokine...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2016.1198256
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acetaminophen (APAP)/paracetamol is one of the most commonly used over-the-counter drugs taken worldwide for treatment of pain and fever. Although considered as safe when taken in recommended doses not higher than 4 g/day, APAP overdose is currently the most important cause of acute liver failure (ALF). ALF may requir...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2014.944502
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this article was to assess the efficacy and safety of apremilast in treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) with meta-analysis method. We included four randomized clinical trials identified from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, "ISRCTN Register" and "ClinicalTrials.gov" which compared apremilast with place...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2016.1159130
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in premature infants. It is caused by surfactant deficiency and lung immaturity. Lucinactant is a synthetic surfactant containing sinapultide, a bioengineered peptide mimic of surfactant-associated protein B. A meta-analysis o...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ecp.12.80
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite advances in our understanding of the molecular and genetic basis of pancreatic cancer, it continues to be a therapeutic challenge. Gemcitabine approved by FDA in 1997, offers modest improvement of tumor-related symptoms and marginal advantage of survival. Many chemotherapeutic agents have been compared against...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2014.910451
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: The placenta is a temporary and unique organ that allows for the physical connection between a mother and fetus; this organ regulates the transport of gases and nutrients mediating the elimination of waste products contained in the fetal circulation. The placenta performs metabolic and excretion function...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2020.1733412
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: The development of immunotherapies and targeted therapies has changed the treatment approach in resectable, nonresectable, and metastatic melanoma. Because of their different pharmacological profiles, immunotherapies and/or targeted therapies have been studied in various combinations.Areas covered: We re...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17512433.2019.1650641
更新日期:2020-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::The oxazolidinones are a new class of antibiotics whose mechanism of action is the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. Linezolid is the first member of this class of antibiotics to be approved by the US FDA and other regulatory bodies for the treatment of infections cause...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17512433.1.4.479
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The unprecedented levels of political, technical and financial support for improved malaria control, and particularly for changes in the malaria treatment policy, have heralded a renewed appreciation of the role of pharmacovigilance, its relationship with other areas of public health and the development of novel appro...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/ecp.10.37
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The problem of adverse drug reactions is a well-documented global public health problem. Recent withdrawals of several widely used prescription medications in the USA and other countries have raised concerns among patients, clinicians, scientists and policy makers. The increasing interest and concern regarding withdra...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17512433.1.2.251
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacogenomics is a rapidly developing sector of human genetics research with arguably the highest potential for immediate benefit. There is a considerable body of evidence demonstrating that variability in drug-treatment response can be explained in part by genetic variation. Subsequently, much research has ensued ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/ecp.09.32
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Migraine is a common neurological syndrome that affects approximately 10-20% of the population. The pathophysiology of migraine is unclear. 5-hydroxytriptamine is a key mediator in the pathogenesis of migraine and thus 5-HT1-receptor agonists are the principal drugs for acute migraine therapy. There are three classes ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ecp.13.14
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) relationships with cytotoxics are usually based on a steepening concentration-effect relationship; the greater the drug amount, the greater the effect. The Maximum Tolerated Dose paradigm, finding the balance between efficacy, while keeping toxicities at their ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2018.1477586
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: An important gap within modern medicine is the lack of enough comparative effectiveness research of marketed medicines. Low-risk pragmatic randomized controlled trials (pRCTs) are those conducted resembling usual clinical practice that poses no or minimal incremental risk compared with normal clinical pr...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2020.1732816
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contraceptive management in women with epilepsy is critical owing to the potential maternal and fetal risks if contraception or seizure management fails. This article briefly describes the pharmacokinetic interactions between antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and hormonal contraceptives and the rational strategies that may o...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/ecp.10.3
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis are a major public health problem with a serious global impact. Although there have recently been two new drugs introduced for the treatment of drug-resistant TB (bedaquiline and delamanid), the current therapeutic armamentarium is limited. Because treatment of drug-res...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17512433.2016.1208562
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) are among the most frequent infectious diseases. Recently, several new antibiotics with activity against MRSA have been approved. Tedizolid, a second-generation oxazolidinone approved for ABSSSI offers theoretical advantages over first-generation ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2020.1774362
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extra cranial solid tumor of childhood, with 60% of patients presenting with high risk (HR) NB by means of clinical, pathological and biological features. The 5-year survival rate for HR-NB remains below 40%, with the majority of patients suffering relapse from chemorefractory tum...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2016.1160775
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: In September of 2018, the United States Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approved cemiplimab-rwlc (Libtayo) for advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). Cemiplimab is an intravenous human monoclonal antibody directed against programmed cell death-1 receptor (PD-1). Cemiplimab blocks T-cell ina...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2019.1665026
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Joint hypermobility (JH) is the hallmark of many hereditary soft connective tissue disorders, including Ehlers-Danlos syndromes and related disorders, disorders of the TGFβ-pathway, lateral meningocele syndrome, arterial tortuosity syndrome, and cutis laxa syndromes. Contemporary practice separates individ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17512433.2018.1497973
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcineurin inhibitors are widely used as maintenance immunosuppressants in solid-organ transplantation to minimize the risk of allograft rejection. Although the use of these agents has transformed the outcomes for patient and graft survival, this has come at a cost, notably the well-known adverse events of nephrotoxi...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ecp.12.49
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone metastases are associated with a broad spectrum of clinical sequelae. Pain, reduced mobility, skeletal complications and treatment-related events reduce quality of life. Numerous randomized controlled trials have evaluated pharmacological interventions to treat bone metastases. The primary outcomes used have evol...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ecp.12.21
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific multisystem disorder, complicating 2 - 8% of pregnancies, and represents a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Recent investigations have elucidated the understanding of its underlying pathogenic mechanisms. However, despite these advances, therapeutic ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/17512433.2014.944501
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Naltrexone-bupropion is a recently approved drug combination for chronic weight management. In this article, we discuss the rationale for its use as a combination followed by a comprehensive review of safety and efficacy data from major preclinical, phase II and III clinical trials. ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/17512433.2016.1100072
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00