Chronic E-Cigarette Exposure Alters the Human Bronchial Epithelial Proteome.

Abstract:

RATIONALE:E-cigarettes vaporize propylene glycol/vegetable glycerin (PG/VG), nicotine, and flavorings. However, the long-term health effects of exposing lungs to vaped e-liquids are unknown. OBJECTIVES:To determine the effects of chronic vaping on pulmonary epithelia. METHODS:We performed research bronchoscopies on healthy nonsmokers, cigarette smokers, and e-cigarette users (vapers) and obtained bronchial brush biopsies and lavage samples from these subjects for proteomic investigation. We further employed in vitro and murine exposure models to support our human findings. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Visual inspection by bronchoscopy revealed that vaper airways appeared friable and erythematous. Epithelial cells from biopsy samples revealed approximately 300 proteins that were differentially expressed in smoker and vaper airways, with only 78 proteins being commonly altered in both groups and 113 uniquely altered in vapers. For example, CYP1B1 (cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily B member 1), MUC5AC (mucin 5 AC), and MUC4 levels were increased in vapers. Aerosolized PG/VG alone significantly increased MUC5AC protein in human airway epithelial cultures and in murine nasal epithelia in vivo. We also found that e-liquids rapidly entered cells and that PG/VG reduced membrane fluidity and impaired protein diffusion. CONCLUSIONS:We conclude that chronic vaping exerts marked biological effects on the lung and that these effects may in part be mediated by the PG/VG base. These changes are likely not harmless and may have clinical implications for the development of chronic lung disease. Further studies will be required to determine the full extent of vaping on the lung.

authors

Ghosh A,Coakley RC,Mascenik T,Rowell TR,Davis ES,Rogers K,Webster MJ,Dang H,Herring LE,Sassano MF,Livraghi-Butrico A,Van Buren SK,Graves LM,Herman MA,Randell SH,Alexis NE,Tarran R

doi

10.1164/rccm.201710-2033OC

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-07-01 00:00:00

pages

67-76

issue

1

eissn

1073-449X

issn

1535-4970

journal_volume

198

pub_type

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