Abstract：
:Soil DNA profiling has potential as a forensic tool to establish a link between soil collected at a crime scene and soil recovered from a suspect. However, a quantitative measure is needed to investigate the spatial/temporal variability across multiple scales prior to their application in forensic science. In this study, soil DNA profiles across Miami-Dade, FL, were generated using length heterogeneity PCR to target four taxa. The objectives of this study were to (i) assess the biogeographical patterns of soils to determine whether soil biota is spatially correlated with geographic location and (ii) evaluate five machine learning algorithms for their predictive ability to recognize biotic patterns which could accurately classify soils at different spatial scales regardless of seasonal collection. Results demonstrate that soil communities have unique patterns and are spatially autocorrelated. Bioinformatic algorithms could accurately classify soils across all scales with Random Forest significantly outperforming all other algorithms regardless of spatial level.
journal_name
J Forensic Scijournal_title
Journal of forensic sciencesauthors
Damaso N,Mendel J,Mendoza M,von Wettberg EJ,Narasimhan G,Mills Ddoi
10.1111/1556-4029.13741subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-07-01 00:00:00pages
1033-1042issue
4eissn
0022-1198issn
1556-4029journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Forensic anthropologists are more often turning to nondestructive methods to assist with skeletal analyses, specifically for trace elemental analyses. Portable XRF (pXRF) instruments are versatile and are able to be used in diverse settings or for specimens of a shape and size that cannot be accommodated by laboratory...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.13103
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gabapentin is an antiepileptic drug that is prescribed for both FDA-approved and multiple off-label conditions, and has a relatively safe side-effect profile. Rare cases of overdose-related adverse effects have been reported in the literature. Described herein are the circumstances and autopsy findings of a 62-year-ol...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01798.x
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to assess the viability of using slip risk (as quantified during human subject walking trials) to create a reference standard against which tribometer readings could be compared. First, human subjects (N=84) were used to rank objectively the slipperiness of three different surfaces with a...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00386.x
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Siding and sequencing (that is, putting in anatomical order) human ribs are essential to the proper examination and documentation of injuries to the chest. The paucity of information regarding sequencing nonfleshed human ribs makes it particularly difficult for physical anthropologists and medicolegal authorities to d...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case of multiple animal bite wounds is presented along with the techniques used to apprehend the culprits. The victim was a 13 month-old black female who had in excess of 80 puncture wounds. Initially the wounds were thought to be caused by a mechanical instrument but, after an autopsy, were determined to be caused ...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The analysis of bloodstain patterns can assist investigators in understanding the circumstances surrounding a violent crime. Bloodstains are routinely subjected to pattern analysis, which is inherently dependent upon the ability of the examiner to locate and visualize bloodstain patterns on items of evidence. Often, t...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02171.x
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Identification of sex from skeleton parts is of paramount importance to medicolegal investigations. The present study makes an attempt to assess sex from the ulna by devising new measurements for fragmentary bones. Dry and adult ulnae (100 male and 60 female) of Madhya Pradesh, India were subjected to three measuremen...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four cases of homicide, in which silenced firearms were used, are reported and supplemented by data from experimental investigations regarding wound features, marks, traces, and ballistic behavior. Wound features are largely determined by the construction of the silencer. In one case, even a muzzle imprint was produce...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Between February 2017 and August 2018, West Virginia University conducted a reliability study to determine expert performance among forensic footwear examiners in the United States. Throughout the study's duration, 70 examiners each performed 12 comparisons and reported a total of 840 conclusions. In order to assess t...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.14551
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is common for researchers using animal or human remains for scientific study to freeze samples prior to use. However, effects of freezing on bone macro- or microstructure are relatively unknown. The research objective of this study was to determine whether freezing could potentially bias experimental results by ana...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.13273
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to determine the effects of various environmental factors on the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) obtained from dental pulp. Extracted teeth were subjected to the following conditions: varying pH (3,7,10); temperature (4 degrees C, 25 degrees C, 37 degrees C, incineration); humidity (20%, 66%, 98%);...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Dräger 7110 MK III FIN Evidential breath analyzer is classified as a quantitative analyzer capable to provide sufficient evidence for establishing legal intoxication. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ethanol specificity of this instrument in the presence of other solvents. Effects of eight possible interf...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Moderate to high levels of alcohol decrease brain intracellular free magnesium concentration, a factor known to be critical in brain injury. Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to examine changes to brain free magnesium concentration after blunt cranial trauma in alcohol-intoxicated rats. Rats exposed ...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02108.x
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microbial biomarkers that indicate aspects of an organism's growth conditions are important targets of forensic research. In this study, we examined fatty acid composition as a signature for the types of complex nutrients in the culturing medium. Bacillus cereus T-strain spores were grown in medium formulations supple...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.12771
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human gender identification, based on the amelogenin gene, has important applications in forensic casework, prenatal diagnosis, DNA databasing, and blood sample storage. However, we report on the first known case, in the Israeli population, of an amelogenin sex test failure on a phenotypically normal male. He was type...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maximum length measurement of the tibia has been found to be variable both in description and implementation. Historically, the literature often excludes the intercondylar eminences from the tibia in metric analysis. This paper explores the quantitative effects of inclusion or exclusion of the eminences on the maximum...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01222.x
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The identification, analysis, and occurrence in U.S. automobile original finishes (1974-1989) of Nickel Titanate (yellow) and Chrome Titanate (yellow-orange) are described in this report. The titanate pigments are based on the rutile (titanium dioxide) structure and there are only minor differences between the infrare...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00126.x
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple method using purge-and-trap gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (P&T-GC/MS) for forensic examination of oil stains was studied. Carboxylic acids, chosen as target components for discrimination of oil samples, were extracted from stains with ether, methyl esterified by tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and analy...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous attempts to sex juvenile skeletons have focused on the application of qualitative or semi-quantitative techniques. This study applies a variety of geometric morphometric methods, including eigenshape analysis, to this problem. Six metric criteria for the ilia were tested with the aim of investigating previous...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00656.x
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using GC/MS in scanning mode as a screening and definitive identification methodology for substance abuse testing, 4500 urine samples have been analyzed. The accuracy and sensitivity of this method was evaluated by the results of 92 proficiency sample analyses, reanalyses by TLC screening with GC confirmation of 125 s...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Photographic surveying is fundamental to crime scene investigation. It is performed using 2D images; however, this method is limited because it does not offer a detailed view. We present a 3D (three-dimensional) experimental model that has clarified unsolved aspects of a homicide. A woman was found dead in her home. C...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type：
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.14041
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ignitable liquid residues recovered from a fire scene will often show signs of weathering as a result of exposure to the heat of the fire. In addition, when the substrate is rich in organic matter, both weathering and microbial degradation may be observed. In this study, 20 μL aliquots of fresh gasoline samples were i...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01989.x
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bipartite patella is recognized as a developmental anomaly of ossification. Most of them are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally. Bipartite patella is sometimes misdiagnosed as a patella fracture, because the x-ray images of both these conditions may appear very similar. In this case, the patient complained o...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type：
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.13357
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The short tandem repeat system HumCD4 was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on blood samples from 304 unrelated Austrian Caucasians and analyzed by horizontal, non-denaturing polyacrylamide electrophoresis. The mean exclusion chance was 0.417, the discriminating power 0.850 and the heterozygosity rate 0...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitragyna speciosa (MS), a plant commonly known as kratom, is a widely used "legal high" opiate alternative for pain relief. DNA extracted from MS and 26 additional plant species was amplified by PCR using primers targeting the strictosidine beta-D-glucosidase (SGD) and secologanin synthase 2 (SLS2) genes and detected...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.14167
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three-dimensional visualization is an important tool in the evaluation and demonstration of injury. Creating convincing graphics, however, requires strict distinction between illustrative and reconstructive visualizations and a method of validation. We present a case in which we used a radiation-planning tool to provi...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent publications from the National Academy of Sciences have called for additional foundational research in the field of firearm and toolmark analysis. We examined test fires from 10 pistol slides with consecutively manufactured breech faces. A total of nine test fires from each pistol slide, for a total of 90 test ...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02072.x
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to increasing caseloads and inadequate staffing, the burden on Coroner/Medical Examiner Offices to comply with recommended autopsy limits for forensic pathologists (FPs) has been difficult. Since 2006, pathologists at the University of Alabama at Birmingham have performed select autopsies for the Alabama Departmen...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.13269
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to follow the postmortem ethanol production phenomenon under controlled experimental conditions (temperature, time interval) in different tissues. Specimens of blood, liver, skeletal muscle and kidney were taken from 30 corpses and no chemical preservatives were used in the specimens collecte...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first case involving an alleged sexual assault linked to the use of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in Oklahoma is reported. A-48-year-old Caucasian woman taking amitriptyline was known to have voluntarily ingested a sports drink containing a relaxing health product. She purportedly experienced unconsciousness tha...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
