Abstract:
:Microbial partners play important roles in the biology and ecology of animals. In insects, maternally transmitted symbionts are especially common and can have host effects ranging from reproductive manipulation to nutrient provisioning and defense against natural enemies. In this study, we report a genus-wide association of Myrmica ants with the inherited bacterial symbiont Spiroplasma We screen Myrmica ants collected from the wild, including the invasive European fire ant, Myrmica rubra, and find an extraordinarily high prevalence of this symbiont-8 of 9 species, 42 of 43 colonies, and 250 of 276 individual workers harbored Spiroplasma-only one host species was uninfected. In our screens, each host species carried a distinct Spiroplasma strain, and none were infected with more than one strain. All symbionts belong to the citri clade, allied most closely with pathogenic strains of Spiroplasma infecting corn crops and honeybees, and there is strong evidence of host-symbiont persistence across evolutionary time scales. Genome sequencing of two Spiroplasma symbionts revealed candidate genes that may play a part in the symbiosis, a nutrient transporter absent from other Spiroplasma strains, and a ribosome-inactivating protein previously implicated in parasite defense. These results together suggest long-term, likely mutualistic, relationships atypical of Spiroplasma-insect associations with potential significance for broad ecological interactions with MyrmicaIMPORTANCE Animal-associated microbial symbionts can dramatically affect the biology of their hosts. The identification and characterization of these intimate partnerships remain an essential component of describing and predicting species interactions, especially for invasive host species. Ants perform crucial ecological functions as ecosystem engineers, scavengers, and predators, and ants in the genus Myrmica can be aggressive resource competitors and reach high densities in their native and invaded habitats. In this study, a novel symbiosis is identified between Myrmica ants and the facultative bacterial symbiont Spiroplasma Broad host distribution, high frequencies of infection, and host-symbiont codivergence over evolutionary time scales, an uncommon feature of Spiroplasma associations, suggest an important likely mutualistic interaction. Genome sequencing identified highly divergent gene candidates that may contribute to Spiroplasma's role as a possible defensive or nutritional partner in Myrmica.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Ballinger MJ,Moore LD,Perlman SJdoi
10.1128/AEM.02299-17subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-31 00:00:00issue
4eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
AEM.02299-17journal_volume
84pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A molecular analysis of betaproteobacterial ammonia oxidizers and a N(2)O isotopomer analysis were conducted to study the sources of N(2)O emissions during the cow manure composting process. Much NO(2)(-)-N and NO(3)(-)-N and the Nitrosomonas europaea-like amoA gene were detected at the surface, especially at the top ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01394-09
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abstract::The facultative anaerobe Thauera aromatica strain AR-1 uses 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate (3,5-DHB) as a sole carbon and energy source under anoxic conditions using an unusual oxidative strategy to overcome aromatic ring stability. A 25-kb gene cluster organized in four main operons encodes the anaerobic degradation pathway f...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02295-18
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.10.5005-5011.2002
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of trichloroethene (TCE; 0 to 65 mg/liter) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA; 0 to 103 mg/liter) on methane consumption of a mixed culture of methane-oxidizing bacteria was studied in laboratory batch experiments. Increasing concentrations of TCE or 1,1,1-TCA resulted in decreasing methane consumption...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.8.2488-2493.1990
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primers were designed to target 16S rRNA and nodD genes of Rhizobium leguminosarum from DNA extracted from two different soil types contaminated with Zn applied in sewage sludge. Numbers of rhizobia estimated using 16S rRNA gene copy number showed higher abundance than those estimated by both nodD and the most-probabl...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02232-10
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.48.3.639-646.1984
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A field evaluation of double violet agar for the isolation and presumptive identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae from water has been performed. Water from the North Oconee River, Clarke County, Ga., was cultured for presence of klebsiellae using the membrane filter technique. Colonies were presumptively identified a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.31.2.213-215.1976
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tellurium, a metalloid belonging to group 16 of the periodic table, displays very interesting physical and chemical properties and lately has attracted significant attention for its use in nanotechnology. In this context, the use of microorganisms for synthesizing nanostructures emerges as an eco-friendly and exciting...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.7.2016-2020.1991
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.5.1549-1554.1993
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.11.4210-4212.1994
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several selective media were evaluated for the primary isolation and enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus from halogenated indoor swimming pool waters. Standard plate counts of the viable population and total coliform densities were also determined to ascertain their value as indicator systems. All studies were done w...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.51.4.699-702.1986
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptomyces coelicolor and Lemna minor were used as a model to study the modulation of bacterial gene expression during plant-streptomycete interactions. S. coelicolor was grown in minimal medium with and without L. minor fronds. Bacterial proteomes were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and a comparis...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.4.1884-1889.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.8.3396-3405.2001
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum was isolated from a biofilter used for the removal of toluene from waste gases. This is the first report describing growth of a eukaryotic organism with toluene as the sole source of carbon and energy. The oxygen consumption rates, as well as the measured enzyme activities, of to...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.10.3562-3566.1995
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A hydrogen utilizing exoelectrogenic bacterium (Geobacter sulfurreducens) was compared to both a nonhydrogen oxidizer (Geobacter metallireducens) and a mixed consortium in order to compare the hydrogen production rates and hydrogen recoveries of pure and mixed cultures in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). At an app...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01760-09
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marine infaunal burrows and tubes greatly enhance solute transport between sediments and the overlying water column and are sites of elevated microbial activity. Biotic and abiotic controls of the compositions and activities of burrow and tube microbial communities are poorly understood. The microbial communities in t...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.12.7053-7065.2004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03010-13
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00421-14
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.9.3950-3954.1999
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.12.2922-2928.1987
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferase catalyzing the O methylation of several chlorophenols and other halogenated phenols was purified 220-fold to apparent homogeneity from mycelia of Trichoderma longibrachiatum CECT 20431. The enzyme could be identified in partially purified protein prepar...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.9.5089-5095.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Batch cultures of a lithotrophic Fe(II)-oxidizing bacterium, strain BrT, isolated from the rhizosphere of a wetland plant, were grown in bioreactors and used to determine the significance of microbial Fe(II) oxidation at circumneutral pH and to identify abiotic variables that affect the partitioning between microbial ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.8.3988-3995.2002
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Listeria monocytogenes is among the most important food-borne pathogens and is well adapted to persist in the environment. To gain insight into the genetic relatedness and potential virulence of L. monocytogenes strains causing central nervous system (CNS) infections, we used multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.06507-11
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thermostable and thermoactive beta-mannanase (1,4-beta-D-mannan mannanohydrolase [EC 3.2.1.78]), beta-mannosidase (beta-D-mannopyranoside hydrolase [EC 3.2.1.25]) and alpha-galactosidase (alpha-D-galactoside galactohydrolase [EC 3.2.1.22]) were purified to homogeneity from cell extracts and extracellular culture super...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.1.169-177.1997
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested (L. H. Harris, R. P. Desai, N. E. Welker, and E. T. Papoutsakis, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 67:1-11, 2000) that butyryl phosphate (BuP) is a regulator of solventogenesis in Clostridium acetobutylicum. Here, we determined BuP and acetyl phosphate (AcP) levels in fermentations of C. acetobutylicum wild ty...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.1.530-537.2005
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Discrimination of strains within the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae was demonstrated by the use of four different techniques to type 15 strains isolated from spoiled wine and beer. Random amplified polymorphic DNA with specific oligonucleotides and PCR fingerprinting with the microsatellite oligonucleotide primers (...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.1.41-46.1996
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A highly specific medium was developed for the enumeration of lactate-utilizing bacteria in the rumen of sheep. This medium, which contained 2.0% lactate, 2.0% Trypticase, 0.2% yeast extract, and volatile fatty acids, hemin, and trace elements in place of rumen fluid, enabled high counts (42 x 10 to 190 x 10/g of inge...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.38.3.416-421.1979
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two different Cd(2+) uptake systems were identified in Lactobacillus plantarum. One is a high-affinity, high-velocity Mn(2+) uptake system which also takes up Cd(2+) and is induced by Mn(2+) starvation. The calculated K(m) and V(max) are 0.26 microM and 3.6 micromol g of dry cell(-1) min(-1), respectively. Unlike Mn(2...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.11.4741-4745.1999
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detection of pathogens in contaminated food products by PCR can result in false-positive data due to the amplification of DNA from nonviable cells. A new method based on reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) amplification of mRNA for the specific detection of viable Listeria monocytogenes was developed. The expression of...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.11.4441-4448.1997
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00