Abstract：
:Non-biological synthetic oligomers can serve as ligands for antibodies. We hypothesized that a random combinatorial library of synthetic poly-N-substituted glycine oligomers, or peptoids, could represent a random "shape library" in antigen space, and that some of these peptoids would be recognized by the antigen-binding pocket of disease-specific antibodies. We synthesized and screened a one bead one compound combinatorial library of peptoids, in which each bead displayed an 8-mer peptoid with ten possible different amines at each position (10(8) theoretical variants). By screening one million peptoid/beads we found 112 (approximately 1 in 10,000) that preferentially bound immunoglobulins from human sera known to be positive for anti-HIV antibodies. Reactive peptoids were then re-synthesized and rigorously evaluated in plate-based ELISAs. Four peptoids showed very good, and one showed excellent, properties for establishing a sero-diagnosis of HIV. These results demonstrate the feasibility of constructing sero-diagnostic assays for infectious diseases from libraries of random molecular shapes. In this study we sought a proof-of-principle that we could identify a potential diagnostic antibody ligand biomarker for an infectious disease in a random combinatorial library of 100 million peptoids. We believe that this is the first evidence that it is possible to develop sero-diagnostic assays - for any infectious disease - based on screening random libraries of non-biological molecular shapes.
journal_name
J Immunol Methodsjournal_title
Journal of immunological methodsauthors
Gearhart TL,Montelaro RC,Schurdak ME,Pilcher CD,Rinaldo CR,Kodadek T,Park Y,Islam K,Yurko R,Marques ET Jr,Burke DSdoi
10.1016/j.jim.2016.05.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-08-01 00:00:00pages
85-9eissn
0022-1759issn
1872-7905pii
S0022-1759(16)30093-Xjournal_volume
435pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Langerin CD207 is a type II transmembrane protein. It is responsible for the formation of Birbeck granules, which are intracellular organelles within Langerhans cells, the dendritic cells of stratified squamous epithelia like the epidermis. Because current anti-CD207 antibodies have limitations, we prepared new monocl...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jim.2007.05.001
更新日期：2007-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) responding to a chemotactic stimulus in the Boyden chamber is influenced by the cell density, we studied whether this variable was important in determining chemotaxis under agarose. The chemotactic index was determined by summing the product of each cell that had ...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(81)90292-1
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conditions for the reproducible measurement of thymic hormonal effect on the functional activity of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were determined using a mixed lymphocyte-tumor culture assay. Three thymic hormonal preparations (thymopoietin, thymic humoral factor and TP-1) were tested by this assay and foun...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(80)90312-9
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Labeling with [35S]methionine at a high specific activity is essential to the facile preparation of 2-dimensional gel electrophoretograms with the analytical 2-dimensional charge-size separation procedure (Anderson's ISODALT system). Mitogen-activated T and B lymphocytes subjected to low methionine concentrations woul...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(86)90051-7
更新日期：1986-04-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Somatic cell hybridization between the YACUT T cell lymphoma cell line with normal lymphocytes activated in secondary mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLCs) consistently yielded IL-2-dependent CD4- CD8 alpha+ beta- Fc gamma RIII+ hybrids with cytotoxic function. The hybrids expressed T cell receptors other than that of YACU...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(96)00030-0
更新日期：1996-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:A method that permits high energy beta-irradiation to be applied to individual lymphocyte microplate cultures is described. The principle involves the introduction of single energy sources (in this case 32P) contained within tubes which rest inside wells containing the lymphocyte cultures. Cell viability and mitogen-i...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(84)90205-9
更新日期：1984-06-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein phosphorylation is a major molecular mechanism by which cellular function is regulated. In order to accomplish rapid and specific biochemical changes via phosphorylation, the activity of a protein kinase must be dynamically regulated. Historically, the activity of each protein kinase has been analyzed using a ...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1759(00)00292-1
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is described that used a combination of 2 solid phases: a microtiter plate covered with a Falcon assay screening test (F.A.S.T.) system lid. By coating each solid phase with a different antigen, it was possible to simultaneously detect 2 different antibodies. The results of...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(85)90308-4
更新日期：1985-02-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibroblasts are capable of secreting a number of inflammatory mediators and cytokines and may exhibit a marked heterogeneity in this capacity. The relative frequency of cytokine-secreting fibroblasts in chronic inflammatory connective tissue disorders may affect the amount of these molecules secreted locally and dicta...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1759(96)00147-0
更新日期：1996-11-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a cytokine involved in many anti-viral and immunoregulatory processes. One of the major mechanisms through which IFNγ exerts these effects is by inducing expression of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1), an enzyme that catalyses the first, rate-limiting step of the kynurenine pathway. In t...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jim.2013.05.011
更新日期：2013-08-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The unique features of protein recognition of membrane-anchored glycolipids were investigated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) monitoring of antibody interactions with glycolipids contained in liposomes. Several positive hybridomas belonging to the IgM and IgG classes were identified when tested for binding to the g...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1759(98)00012-x
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a solid-phase fluoroimmunoassay, based on competition between europium-labeled 5 MeCyd (5-methylcytidine) and sample 5MedCyd (5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine) for polyclonal anti-5MedCyd antibodies (rabbit). Europium labeling of antigen was performed using a novel polylysine-5MeCyd conjugate. Standard and sample...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(89)90115-4
更新日期：1989-02-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Testing of diphtheria vaccines for routine lot release relies heavily on the use of in vivo potency assays. However, consistency of production is also recognised as an important feature of vaccine manufacture, and in vitro assays are superior to in vivo assays for providing this information. In adsorbed vaccines, anti...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jim.2009.09.002
更新日期：2009-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：:A method for quantitative RT-PCR using ELISA detection was developed and applied to the quantitation of IL-1 beta mRNA in clinical samples. To compensate for the 'tube effect' of RT-PCR, a synthetic RNA, pRSET RNA, was added to sample solutions as an internal standard and co-amplified with IL-1 beta mRNA. Sense primer...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(94)00321-m
更新日期：1995-03-27 00:00:00
abstract：:A fluorescence quenching method, using trypan blue, is described for quantifying the ingestion of either glutaraldehyde-fixed sheep red blood cells or antibody coated glutaraldehyde-fixed sheep red blood cells by murine peritoneal macrophages. This method is based on the observations that glutaraldehyde-fixed red bloo...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(83)90097-2
更新日期：1983-02-25 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed and validated a process-specific immunoligand assay based on the Threshold system for the quantification of residual host cell proteins (HCPs) in a recombinant subunit vaccine candidate against the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV). The industrial process of this vaccine produced in Escherichi...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1759(01)00321-0
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method is described for isolation of antibody-forming cells with the help of cluster formation. This was achieved by incubating spleen cells from immunized mice with sheep erythrocytes at 37 degrees C. During incubation rabbit-anti-mouse immunoglobulin serum was present in order to facilitate the formation of cluste...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(76)90103-4
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The identification of T cell epitopes that elicit a weak T cell response is technically challenging due to the relatively low resolution of many available screening assays. Peptide immunization can confirm the immunogenicity of a given peptide, however, this also often induces a low frequency response in lymphoid orga...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1759(02)00106-0
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two sets of expression vectors were constructed that permitted the efficient expression of single-chain Fv fragments (scFvs) fused N-terminally to an enhanced mutant of the green fluorescent protein GFP+ or the red fluorescent protein DsRed in insect and mammalian cells. The vectors allowed rapid cloning of scFv fragm...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jim.2003.12.001
更新日期：2004-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is a systemic vasculitis which is diagnosed on clinicopathological findings. The diagnosis may be aided by the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA). In WG, ANCA are primarily directed to proteinase 3 (PR3), a serine protease of the azurophilic granules of the neutrophil...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(94)90364-6
更新日期：1994-10-14 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple and rapid test (LIMM, short for latex immunoassay) is described for detecting Salmonella typhi endotoxin. It involves the simultaneous binding of the antigen by two types of reagent particles contained in a micro-tube: an indicator latex particle coated with a monoclonal antibody specific for the O-9 determin...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(90)90279-5
更新日期：1990-12-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Two commercially available bioreactor systems, CELLine and miniPERM, were evaluated for their ability to support the production of monoclonal antibody (mAb) from a variety of murine hybridoma cell lines. Production and purity of mAbs were compared between the two systems and with mouse ascites tumour fluid generation....
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-1759(02)00081-9
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A double fluorescent antibody method for quantitating human complement-fixing antibody to lymphocyte subclasses has been developed. The indicators in this system are a C6-deficient serum as a non-lytic source of complement, rhodamine-labeled anti-C3 and fluorescein-labeled murine monoclonal antibodies to human lymphoc...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(85)90284-4
更新日期：1985-12-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Whilst several centres have reported lymphocytotoxic antibody detection using single and dual fluorescent stains with analysis of the fluorescence emitted from the cell population present in a well of a multiwell plate, problems are encountered with cell concentration and light emission overlap. A method we have devel...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(87)90042-1
更新日期：1987-05-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural Killer cells are cells of the innate immune system that are important for the recognition and clearance of virally infected cells or tumors. Examination of the development and signaling of these cells has been severely hampered due to an inability to over-express proteins in these cells. We developed a novel t...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jim.2008.10.014
更新日期：2009-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies in mice have advanced our understanding of the contribution of monocytes to inflammation and immunity. However, the lack of a straightforward and reliable method for the isolation of mouse blood monocytes remains a hurdle. Here we describe a fast and easy method for isolating monocytes from mouse blood based o...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jim.2010.04.004
更新日期：2010-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：:A new sandwich-type solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was established by using two selected monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). One MAb, F82-61, which is immobilized on polystyrene beads, reacts with an epitope present on the N-terminal domain (N) of the CEA molecule and the other, F11-...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(93)90388-n
更新日期：1993-06-18 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method based on flow cytometry has been developed to determine IgG alloantibodies in the serum of immunized rodents. The method utilizes target lymphoid cells, diluted serum and labeled anti-mouse or anti-rat IgG antibodies. In serum from highly immunized animals alloantibodies could be demonstrated up to a dilu...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(90)90301-b
更新日期：1990-06-12 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method for measuring the uptake of Staphylococcus aureus by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) using flow cytometry (FCM) is described. Bacteria were labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and incubated with PMN in a suspension assay. At the end of the assay, phagocytosis was arrested by the addit...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(89)90161-0
更新日期：1989-07-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The migration inhibition by soluble PPD of peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed a much better reflection of delayed hypersentitivity to tuberculin in man than the migration inhibition of buffy coat cells. The migration index (MI) with mononuclear cells in a group of tuberculin positive subjects was 0.51 +/- 0.14 ...
journal_title：Journal of immunological methods
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-1759(76)90012-0
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
