Abstract:
:Selenosemicarbazones show marked antitumor activity. However, their mechanism of action remains unknown. We examined the medicinal chemistry of the selenosemicarbazone, 2-acetylpyridine 4,4-dimethyl-3-selenosemicarbazone (Ap44mSe), and its iron and copper complexes to elucidate its mechanisms of action. Ap44mSe demonstrated a pronounced improvement in selectivity toward neoplastic relative to normal cells compared to its parent thiosemicarbazone. It also effectively depleted cellular Fe, resulting in transferrin receptor-1 up-regulation, ferritin down-regulation, and increased expression of the potent metastasis suppressor, N-myc downstream regulated gene-1. Significantly, Ap44mSe limited deleterious methemoglobin formation, highlighting its usefulness in overcoming toxicities of clinically relevant thiosemicarbazones. Furthermore, Cu-Ap44mSe mediated intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, which was attenuated by the antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, or Cu sequestration. Notably, Ap44mSe forms redox active Cu complexes that target the lysosome to induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization. This investigation highlights novel structure-activity relationships for future chemotherapeutic design and underlines the potential of Ap44mSe as a selective anticancer/antimetastatic agent.
journal_name
J Med Chemjournal_title
Journal of medicinal chemistryauthors
Al-Eisawi Z,Stefani C,Jansson PJ,Arvind A,Sharpe PC,Basha MT,Iskander GM,Kumar N,Kovacevic Z,Lane DJ,Sahni S,Bernhardt PV,Richardson DR,Kalinowski DSdoi
10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01399subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-14 00:00:00pages
294-312issue
1eissn
0022-2623issn
1520-4804journal_volume
59pub_type
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