Structural characterization of muropeptides from Chlamydia trachomatis peptidoglycan by mass spectrometry resolves "chlamydial anomaly".

abstract：:The voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channel Kv1.5 mediates the I(Kur) repolarizing current in human atrial myocytes and regulates vascular tone in multiple peripheral vascular beds. Understanding the complex regulation of Kv1.5 function is of substantial interest because it represents a promising pharmacological target f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benson MD,Li QJ,Kieckhafer K,Dudek D,Whorton MR,Sunahara RK,Iñiguez-Lluhí JA,Martens JR

更新日期：2007-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The hepatic uptake of cholephilic organic anions is a carrier-mediated process. Three distinct proteins [bilitranslocase (BTL), sulfobromophthalein (BSP)/bilirubin-binding protein (BBBP), and organic anion-binding protein] have been isolated from the basolateral plasma-membrane domain of the hepatocyte. To investigate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Torres AM,Lunazzi GC,Stremmel W,Tiribelli C

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor that is inactivated in many human cancers. PTEN loss has been associated with resistance to inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), but the molecular basis of this resistance is unclear. It is believed that unopposed phosphatidylinosito...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vivanco I,Rohle D,Versele M,Iwanami A,Kuga D,Oldrini B,Tanaka K,Dang J,Kubek S,Palaskas N,Hsueh T,Evans M,Mulholland D,Wolle D,Rajasekaran S,Rajasekaran A,Liau LM,Cloughesy TF,Dikic I,Brennan C,Wu H,Mischel PS,

更新日期：2010-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Two striking differences between humans and our closest living relatives, chimpanzees and gorillas, are the size of our brains (larger by a factor of three or four) and our life span (longer by a factor of about two). Our thesis is that these two distinctive features of humans are products of coevolutionary selection....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaplan HS,Robson AJ

更新日期：2002-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The immunophilin-immunosuppressant complexes cyclophilin-cyclosporin A (CsA) and FKBP12-FK506 inhibit the phosphatase calcineurin to block T-cell activation. Although cyclophilin A, FKBP12, and calcineurin are highly conserved from yeast to man, none had previously been shown to be essential for viability. We find tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Breuder T,Hemenway CS,Movva NR,Cardenas ME,Heitman J

更新日期：1994-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural selection does not necessarily favor maximal reproduction because reproduction imposes fitness costs, reducing parental survival, and offspring quality. Here, we show that parents in a preindustrial population in North America incurred fitness costs from reproduction, and women incurred greater costs than men....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Penn DJ,Smith KR

更新日期：2007-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigate energy transport through an alpha-aminoisobutyric acid-based 3(10)-helix dissolved in chloroform in a combined experimental-theoretical approach. Vibrational energy is locally deposited at the N terminus of the helix by ultrafast internal conversion of a covalently attached, electronically excited, azob...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Botan V,Backus EH,Pfister R,Moretto A,Crisma M,Toniolo C,Nguyen PH,Stock G,Hamm P

更新日期：2007-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) is a widely employed metaphor for problems associated with the evolution of cooperative behavior. We have recently proposed an alternative approach to the PD, by exploring "spatial games" in which players--who are either pure cooperators, C, or pure defectors, D--interact with neighbors in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nowak MA,Bonhoeffer S,May RM

更新日期：1994-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:It is becoming clear that steroids can be synthesized de novo by the brain and other nervous systems. Such steroids are called neurosteroids, and de novo neurosteroidogenesis from cholesterol is a conserved property of vertebrate brains. In this study, we show that the newt brain actively produces 7alpha-hydroxypregne...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matsunaga M,Ukena K,Baulieu EE,Tsutsui K

更新日期：2004-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetal exposure to environmental insults increases the susceptibility to late-onset neuropsychiatric disorders. Alcohol is listed as one of such prenatal environmental risk factors and known to exert devastating teratogenetic effects on the developing brain, leading to complex neurological and psychiatric symptoms obse...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hashimoto-Torii K,Kawasawa YI,Kuhn A,Rakic P

更新日期：2011-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:A transformation-defective mutant of Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV), called A-MuLV-P92td, has been isolated. The mutant encodes a serologically identifiable A-MuLV protein of molecular weight 92,000 (P92) but it lacks the ability to transform either fibroblasts or bone marrow lymphoid cells. In contrast to the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Witte ON,Goff S,Rosenberg N,Baltimore D

更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In eukaryotes, ubiquitination is an important posttranslational process achieved through a cascade of ubiquitin-activating (E1), conjugating (E2), and ligase (E3) enzymes. Many pathogenic bacteria deliver virulence factors into the host cell that function as E3 ligases. How these bacterial "Trojan horses" integrate in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lin DY,Diao J,Chen J

更新日期：2012-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Helminthosporoside is a host-specific toxin produced by Helminthosporium sacchari, both in culture and in infected sugarcane tissue. The susceptibility of any given clone of sugarcane to disease is invariably associated with the presence of a toxin-binding protein. This report presents evidence for the presence of the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Strobel GA,Hess WM

更新日期：1974-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have found a soluble cyclase, using for assay radioactively marked ATP as precursor. The reaction product was isolated by thin-layer chromatography and identified by specific degradation. After homogenization, part of the activity remained in the particulate fraction but could be easily extracted. The cyclase was c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tao M,Lipmann F

更新日期：1969-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Symmetric and asymmetric dimethylation of arginine are isomeric protein posttranslational modifications with distinct biological effects, evidenced by the methylation of arginine 3 of histone H4 (H4R3): symmetric dimethylation of H4R3 leads to repression of gene expression, while asymmetric dimethylation of H4R3 is as...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sun L,Wang M,Lv Z,Yang N,Liu Y,Bao S,Gong W,Xu RM

更新日期：2011-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A typical homing endonuclease initiates mobility of its group I intron by recognizing DNA both upstream and downstream of the intron insertion site of intronless alleles, preventing the endonuclease from binding and cleaving its own intron-containing allele. Here, we describe a GIY-YIG family homing endonuclease, I-Bm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Edgell DR,Shub DA

更新日期：2001-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:An artificial charge pair buried in the hydrophobic core of staphylococcal nuclease was engineered by making the V23E and L36K substitutions. Buried individually, Glu-23 and Lys-36 both titrate with pKa values near 7. When buried together their pKa values appear to be normal. The ionizable moieties of the buried Glu-L...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Robinson AC,Castañeda CA,Schlessman JL,García-Moreno EB

更新日期：2014-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Papain solubilized H-2a histocompatibility antigens (H-2Kk plus H-2Dd) have been purified by a large-scale procedure that can routinely provide 2-3 mg of heavy chain from 1 kg of mouse liver. The heavy chains were homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis. Disc gel electrophoresis resolved two protein band...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Henriksen O,Robinson EA,Appella E

更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because virtually all organisms compete with others in their social environment, mechanisms that reduce conflict between interacting individuals are crucial for the evolution of stable families, groups, and societies. Here, we tested whether costs of social conflict over territorial space between Seychelles warblers (...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bebbington K,Kingma SA,Fairfield EA,Dugdale HL,Komdeur J,Spurgin LG,Richardson DS

更新日期：2017-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss of IκB kinase (IKK) β-dependent NF-κB signaling in hematopoietic cells is associated with increased granulopoiesis. Here we identify a regulatory cytokine loop that causes neutrophilia in Ikkβ-deficient mice. TNF-α-dependent apoptosis of myeloid progenitor cells leads to the release of IL-1β, which promotes Th17 ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mankan AK,Canli O,Schwitalla S,Ziegler P,Tschopp J,Korn T,Greten FR

更新日期：2011-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Escherichia coli O157:H7, a toxin-producing food and waterborne bacterial pathogen, has been linked to large outbreaks of gastrointestinal illness for more than two decades. E. coli O157 causes a wide range of clinical illness that varies by outbreak, although factors that contribute to variation in disease severity a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Manning SD,Motiwala AS,Springman AC,Qi W,Lacher DW,Ouellette LM,Mladonicky JM,Somsel P,Rudrik JT,Dietrich SE,Zhang W,Swaminathan B,Alland D,Whittam TS

更新日期：2008-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism of induction of an adult rabbit cytochrome P-450, prostaglandin (PG) omega-hydroxylase (P-450PG-omega), during pregnancy has been investigated. This P-450 isozyme regiospecifically hydroxylates PGE1, PGA1, and PGF2 alpha at carbon-20 (the omega position). The specific activity of this enzyme is induced f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Muerhoff AS,Williams DE,Leithauser MT,Jackson VE,Waterman MR,Masters BS

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The planarity of peptide bonds is an assumption that underlies decades of theoretical modeling of proteins. Peptide bonds strongly deviating from planarity are considered very rare features of protein structure that occur for functional reasons. Here, empirical analyses of atomic-resolution protein structures reveal t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berkholz DS,Driggers CM,Shapovalov MV,Dunbrack RL Jr,Karplus PA

更新日期：2012-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:To monitor inaccuracy in gene expression in living cells, we designed an experimental system in the bacterium Bacillus subtilis whereby spontaneous errors can be visualized and quantified at a single-cell level. Our strategy was to introduce mutations into a chromosomally encoded gfp allele, such that errors in protei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meyerovich M,Mamou G,Ben-Yehuda S

更新日期：2010-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:A central tenet in understanding the biological effects of ionizing radiation has been that the initially affected cells were directly damaged by the radiation. By contrast, evidence has emerged concerning "bystander" responses involving damage to nearby cells that were not themselves directly traversed by the radiati...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Belyakov OV,Mitchell SA,Parikh D,Randers-Pehrson G,Marino SA,Amundson SA,Geard CR,Brenner DJ

更新日期：2005-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Melanopsin, the photopigment of the "circadian" receptors that regulate the biological clock and the pupillary reflex in mammals, is homologous to invertebrate rhodopsins. Evidence supporting the involvement of phosphoinositides in light-signaling has been garnered, but the downstream effectors that control the light-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Peinado G,Osorno T,Gomez Mdel P,Nasi E

更新日期：2015-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:A plasmid containing the rat preproinsulin I gene was entrapped in large liposomes and intravenously administered to rats. Four hours after inoculation, the livers were processed for the isolation of hepatocytes. Kupffer cells, and endothelial cells, DNA was purified, and the exogenous DNA was detected in the differen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soriano P,Dijkstra J,Legrand A,Spanjer H,Londos-Gagliardi D,Roerdink F,Scherphof G,Nicolau C

更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arsenic has played a key medicinal role against a variety of ailments for several millennia, but during the past century its prominence has been displaced by modern therapeutics. Recently, attention has been drawn to arsenic by its dramatic clinical efficacy against acute promyelocytic leukemia. Although toxic reactiv...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chou WC,Jie C,Kenedy AA,Jones RJ,Trush MA,Dang CV

更新日期：2004-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Coastal hypoxia (dissolved oxygen ≤ 2 mg/L) is a growing problem worldwide that threatens marine ecosystem services, but little is known about economic effects on fisheries. Here, we provide evidence that hypoxia causes economic impacts on a major fishery. Ecological studies of hypoxia and marine fauna suggest multipl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith MD,Oglend A,Kirkpatrick AJ,Asche F,Bennear LS,Craig JK,Nance JM

更新日期：2017-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelin 1 causes a strong Ca2+ signal in C6 rat glioma cells as measured by fura-2 fluorescence. This endothelin 1-induced Ca2+ signal was not observed when the cells were persistently infected with a measles virus strain of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE, strain Lec). Binding of 125I-labeled endothelin ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tas PW,Koschel K

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00