Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Injecting drug use is associated with a range of harms, however cessation of injecting is rare. There is a lack of evidence on factors associated with cessation, notably those related to health services other than drug treatment. We examined the incidence and identified longitudinal correlates of first episode of cessation in a cohort of people who inject drugs (PWID). METHODS:Using discrete-time survival analysis, we examined correlates of the first episode of cessation (no self-reported injecting drug use in the past 12 months), including the use of health services, socio-demographics and drug-related behaviour in a cohort of PWID recruited between 2008 and 2010. RESULTS:The cohort of 467 participants contributed 1527 person-years from recruitment to 2014. Under a fifth (17.8%) of people reported cessation of 12 months or more, yielding a cessation rate of 5.4 events per 100 person-years. Younger age (25-29 compared to 30 and above) (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-3.00) and male gender (AHR 1.67, 95% CI 2.01-2.76) were positively associated with cessation, while past year use of benzodiazepines (AHR 0.45, 95% CI 0.28-0.72), arrest in the past year (AHR 0.50, 95% CI 0.30-0.83) and low SF-8 physical dimension score (AHR 0.42, 95% CI 0.20-1.88) were negatively associated with cessation. Outpatient service use had the largest effect on cessation (AHR 2.28, 95% CI 0.94-5.48, p=0.067). CONCLUSIONS:Low rates of cessation emphasise the need for sustained and comprehensive harm reduction services. The relationship between outpatient services and cessation suggests that further research into the use in health services among PWID is warranted.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Nambiar D,Agius PA,Stoové M,Hickman M,Dietze Pdoi
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.06.037subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-09-01 00:00:00pages
208-13eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376-8716(15)00351-8journal_volume
154pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Injection drug users (IDUs) are at high-risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV. Due to concerns about non-adherence to multi-dose vaccine regimens however, IDUs are severely under-immunized against HBV and have been excluded from phase III trials of multi-dose candidate HIV vaccines in the United States. ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(03)00074-7
更新日期：2003-08-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Naltrexone was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in December 1994. Although it is one of only two medications for alcohol rehabilitation approved in the US, naltrexone is not frequently prescribed. This paper examines the factors limiting physicians' use of naltrexone. Data were collected through a...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(03)00134-0
更新日期：2003-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Diversion programs are considered alternatives to the arrest and incarceration of non-violent drug offenders, including those found in possession of smaller amounts of cannabis in states with prohibitive laws. Despite the progressive nature of such programs, the inability to complete diversion program requir...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108316
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Betel quid is a substance that commonly used among male labor in Taiwan, and the dependence potential has been reported in some studies, but no instrument has been developed specifically to assess areca/betel quid dependence. OBJECTIVE:To develop a reliable and valid research instrument/screening tool for t...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.07.027
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although previous work suggests that juvenile onset bipolar disorder increases risk for substance use disorders and cigarette smoking, the literature on the subject is limited. We evaluated the association of risk for substance use disorders and cigarette smoking with bipolar disorder in adolescents in a case-control ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.12.016
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Sexual minority adolescents are more likely than their heterosexual peers to use substances. This study tested factors that contribute to sexual orientation disparities in substance use among racially and ethnically diverse adolescents. Specifically, we examined how both minority stress (i.e., homophobic bul...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.04.013
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study describes a detoxification method which takes only 4 h to complete. Eleven polydrug users addicted to opiates were detoxified 12 h after their last dose of heroin, in an intensive care unit. The detoxification was carried out using naltrexone, after sedation with midazolan. After detoxification (12 h...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(94)90115-5
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcohol is a known suppressant of the immune system and alcoholics frequently have impaired humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a single dose of ethanol on the thymus and the possible mechanism of its action. Adult female Wistar rats were divided into three gr...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(92)90024-7
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In this study we estimate suspected links between youthful behavioral problems and smoking of tobacco, cannabis, and coca paste. METHODS:In the Republic of Chile, school-attending youths were sampled from all 13 regions of the country, with sample size of 46,907 youths from 8th to 12th grades. A Generalized...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.03.010
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In Florida, since 1998, identical survey items have been used to measure youth smoking status for the CDC sponsored state school-based survey and the tobacco control program evaluation telephone survey. The two surveys should parallel one another to track tobacco use. Tobacco items collected in the two sur...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.024
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recently attention has focused on the assessment of functional health status in substance-dependent individuals. The addiction severity index (ASI) is a widely used assessment instrument that includes scales to reflect current medical and psychiatric status. This study examines the concurrent validity of the...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.04.018
更新日期：2004-11-11 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper will examine how cerebral perfusion deficits in cocaine abusers may be a target for pharmacotherapy. The review covers five areas: (1) cerebral ischemia and neuropsychological impairment in cocaine abusers, (2) neuroimaging evidence for cerebral perfusion defects in cocaine abusers, (3) mechanisms for cocai...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(97)00158-0
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite the relatively high prevalence of marijuana use among college students, little information exists regarding health outcomes associated with different use patterns or trajectories. METHODS:Seven annual personal interviews (years 1-7) were administered to 1253 individuals, beginning in their first yea...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.02.022
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The performance, observer-rated, and participant-rated effects of orally administered placebo, and two benzodiazepines, flunitrazepam (2, 4 and 8 mg/70 kg) and triazolam (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/70 kg), were compared in 14 sedative drug abusers using a double-blind crossover design. Both flunitrazepam and triazolam produce...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00110-0
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cannabis remains the most commonly used illicit substance and use rates are rising. Notably, the prevalence of cannabis use disorders (CUD) nearly equals that of other illicit substance use disorders combined. Thus, the present study aimed to identify cognitive, affective, and situational predictors and cons...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.12.022
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) is a promising approach for Concerned Significant Others (CSOs) of alcohol-dependent individuals (ADI) that aims to engage treatment-refusing patients in alcohol treatment and to improve CSO functioning. To date, only two randomized controlled trials (R...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.04.015
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies on ethanol-exposed animals have revealed changes in anionic phospholipids in brain membranes. The intention of this study was to investigate whether there was a similar effect on man. Assuming platelets to be an adequate model for CNS synaptosomes, concentration and fatty acid composition of anionic phospholip...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(86)90065-7
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug abuse outcomes were examined during 2 contingency management procedures in which the size of the methadone dose was determined by recent urinalysis test results. Twenty polydrug-abusing methadone-maintenance patients were exposed to one of two specific altered dose consequences: a positive incentive procedure in ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(86)90097-9
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research on religion and alcohol has produced conclusive results with regard to the relationship between religion and alcohol consumption but ambiguous findings with regard to more general attitudes towards alcohol use. This paper considers these issues in depth by a secondary analysis of data collected in the Western...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(86)90114-6
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The use, misuse and co-use of alcohol, cannabis, tobacco, and other licit and illicit controlled substances has increased in past decades leading to higher rates of morbidity, overdose, and mortality in women of reproductive age. Co-use compounds the adverse health effects of substance use compared to single...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107729
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although drug use is common in the population, drug users are sometimes excluded from research without justification. Two models of individualized study matching were compared for effectiveness in enrolling people who "endorsed current drug use" and those who "did not" into appropriate research. METHODS:Par...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.12.031
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Worldwide, alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the most common substance use disorders, yet often goes undertreated. One major barrier that prevents adequate treatment of AUD is the high stigmatization the disorder receives, including from the scientific community. Thus, we evaluated the current use of patient-ce...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108209
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis. Previously published results have established that chronic cocaine administration (30-45 mg/kg per day, 10-14 days) resulted in an upregulation of TH gene expression in dopaminergic pathways of rats. The present studies tested the eff...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(00)00119-8
更新日期：2000-12-22 00:00:00
abstract：:While the centrality of withdrawal in the diagnosis of addiction has been decreasing with each successive edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, psychometric and neurobiological evidence provides withdrawal a central role in the development and maintenance of addiction. The current study...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107815
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pre-treatment social stability score (combined economic-familial-residential scales), indicating whether the patients were comparatively integrated or disintegrated socially, was found to be of greater prognostic value regarding post-treatment drinking than was information about whether they received full, part or...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(77)90009-6
更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To characterize patterns and correlates of inhalant use among incarcerated youth. METHOD:Residents (N=723) of 27 Missouri Division of Youth Services facilities completed interviews assessing substance use, psychiatric symptoms, antisocial traits, trauma, suicidality, and criminality. RESULTS:Participants av...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.08.023
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It is assumed that recreational use of methamphetamine can trigger acute myocardial infarction (AMI) events, but estimates of longitudinal hazards of AMI among methamphetamine users are lacking. METHODS:Retrospective cohort study: Competing-risks analysis was used to estimate time-to-AMI patterns in methamp...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.030
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Illicit drug users account for the majority of cases of HCV infection in the developed world, but few have received treatment. METHODS:We evaluated barriers to initiating HCV treatment -- including general treatment willingness -- and factors associated with these among HCV infected illicit drug users. Part...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.09.008
更新日期：2008-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To test the acceptability and feasibility of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) of mood and injection risk behavior among young people who inject drugs (PWID), using mobile phones. METHODS:Participants were 185 PWID age 18-35 recruited from two sites of a large syringe service program in Chicago. After complet...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.016
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In laboratory animals, augmentation of GABA neurotransmission results in inhibition of cocaine self-administration and inhibition of reinstatement to cocaine-seeking behaviors. If parallel effects were observed in humans, GABA-ergic medication should be effective both in the abstinence-induction as well as i...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.07.009
更新日期：2006-02-28 00:00:00
