Abstract：
BACKGROUND:According to importance of cirrhosis of the liver and the lack of information about the economic burden of the disease, we performed this study to estimate the economic burden of liver Cirrhosis in Iran in 2011. METHODS:The cost-of-illness method, based on the human capital theory, has been used. Both direct and indirect costs have been estimated using a prevalence approach and bottom-up method. The inpatient and outpatient records were investigated for obtaining the medical costs. Also, a questionnaire was used for collection the other data such as transportation costs, out of pocket payment and times of inpatients, etc. Costs consisted of expenditures which happened during March 2011 to February 2012 and the perspective of the study was Iranian society. RESULTS:The total cost of the disease was 2014.5 billion Rials (USD164.32 million). Direct and indirect costs were 1384.16 and 630.4 billion Rials (86.7% and 11.3% of the total cost), respectively. Cost due to premature death was USD 38.66 million, included 23.52% of the total cost and 75% of indirect cost. CONCLUSION:Liver Cirrhosis impose enormous economic burden on Iranian society. Policymakers should therefore take this into consideration and according to available health resources provide services and facilities for the prevention and treatment of the disease.
journal_name
Iran J Public Healthjournal_title
Iranian journal of public healthauthors
Akbari Sari A,Kazemi Karyani A,Alavian SM,Arab M,Rostami Gholmohamadi F,Rezaei Ssubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-04-01 00:00:00pages
512-21issue
4eissn
2251-6085issn
2251-6093journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Scleroderma is a chronic connective tissue disease of unknown etiology. Vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) that play particular functions in calcium and phosphate homeostasis may be involved in the etiology of this disorder. Klotho, the co-receptor of the fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23), can interf...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:P Cesarean delivery rates have been increasing throughout the world. Parallel to the developments in the world the cesarean rate in Turkey has risen to 48.1% in 2013. Some of the social factors were related with cesarean births. The purpose of this study was to determine cesarean birth rates and to find out ...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:In this study, we used a variety of factors that affect urbanization in Iran to evaluate different provinces in Iran in terms of the level of urbanization. Methods:Using information from census 2011, we collected data on 33 indicators related to urbanization in 31 provinces in Iran. To rank the provinces we...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (XFS) is pathogenetically related to exfoliative glaucoma (XFG), which is the most common type of secondary glaucoma. We aimed to investigate the relationship between LOXL1 SNPs (rs1048661, rs3825942) and XFS and/or XFG in a cohort of Iranian subjects. Methods:This cross-sectional...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) is a rare inheritance syndrome, characterized by a disseminated infection with mycobacterium in children following BCG vaccination at birth. Regarding the vaccination program in Iran, it may consider as a public health problem. The pathogenesis of MSMD is depen...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To investigate the interventional efficacy and clinical significance of graded psychological nursing care for patients who have undergone cardiothoracic surgery by providing graded psychological nursing care for these patients according to the results of their psychological evaluation. METHODS:In this inter...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:In-vitro fertilization (IVF) has been very popular since the birth of the first "test-tube" baby. This method is the last hope and the most serious solution for couples with infertility problems. Although childbearing is a concern of many couples, it must always be noted that any method can also have disadva...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Fascioliasis, caused by Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica, is one of the most important plant and water borne disease in Iran. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of fascioliasis and intestinal helminthes in inhabitants of rural areas of Boyer-Ahmad in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province in Southwe...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The present study aimed to identify the spatial distribution of tuberculosis and determine the TB control program parameters in the regions supervised by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2006-2012. METHODS:The present ecological study was performed on 1797 TB patients in Shiraz University in 2006-20...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:An explosion of research has been done in discovering how human health is affected by environmental factors. I will discuss the impacts of environmental cancer causing factors and how they continue to cause multiple disruptions in cellular networking. Some risk factors may not cause cancer. Other factors ini...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Iodine is essential element in thyroid hormones synthesis and normal growth and development of the brain. Milk and iodine concentrations can be appropriate indicator of body iodine status; in this study, we evaluated the concentrations of urine and milk iodine in newborns and their mothers. METHODS:In a cro...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Onychomycosis is a nail disorder associated with aesthetic problems, discomfort, physical injury and loss of dexterity. The purpose of the present study was to isolate and identify the causative fungi of onychomycosis in 2402 patients in Kermanshah Province, western Iran in 1994 to 2010. METHODS:Mycologic a...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The first kidney transplant survival is very important. We know that short-term survival of kidney transplantation is improved over the past two decades in Iran; however, no information is available on long-term survival and predictors. This study explored factors influencing long-term renal transplant survi...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Limited studies have focused on the association between the protein tyrosine phosphates non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) genetic polymorphisms and Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) susceptibility in different populations, but the results were inconclusive. Therefore, this meta-analysis of PTPN22 polymorphism ...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To extract utility values of diabetic retinopathy on a perfect health and perfect vision scales for Iranians with both types diabetes. METHODS:In this investigation, 150 untreated patients with diabetic retinopathy consecutively were examined and interviewed in Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran, a tertiary ...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Prehypertension frequently progresses into hypertension and is related to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We studied the prevalence of prehypertension and their determinants by gender and age. METHODS:The study used nationally representative data from 11,754 participants aged 20-91 years collec...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor with high mortality but effective therapy has not yet been developed. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid component in several Chinese herbs including Huanglian, has been shown to induce growth inhibition and the apoptosis of certain cancer cells. The aim of this study was t...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since it was first diagnosed in 1914 in Marrakesh, schistosomiasis has been a public health problem in Morocco for decades. A national control program launched in 1982 has led to a considerable reduction in the incidence and morbidity associated with the disease. Consequently, the program has shifted from disease cont...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of the study was to compare the effects of 'face-to-face education' and 'educational movies' on 'knowledge' and 'practice' of women of child-bearing-age, in terms of health-care during pregnancy and during infancy in a suburban region near Tehran City, Iran. METHODS:In this quasi-experimental study,...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of the study was to analyze the reliability of the Korean version of the NEWS and to investigate the relationship between walking and environmental factors by gender. METHODS:A total of 1407 Korean adults, aged 20-59 yr, participated in the study. Data were collected between Sep 2013 and Oct 2013. T...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:Academic stress is one of the factors affecting the health of adolescents. The aim of present study was to design an academic stress questionnaire for Iranian adolescents with regard to the cultural and educational system of the country. Methods:After reviewing the literature and identifying available tools...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:5-Fluorouracil could lead to a decline in fertility in Caenorhabditis elegans. The aim of this study was to describe the mechanisms underlying such an altered fertility phenotype and to illustrate the specific genes and pathways that are involved in the related phenotypic changes in C. elegans. METHODS:We i...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Giardia lamblia is one of the most important intestinal parasites. The aim of this study was to measure serum levels of IgA, IgE, zinc, copper, vitamin B12 and folate in individuals with giardiasis in comparison to normal subjects. METHODS:The study was carried out among 49 Giardia positive and 39 age and s...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Regarding the need for scientific development and achievement our national goals, it is clear that international cooperation has the main role in this way. Here is a report on what we have done during past almost 10 years (2001-2011) in the field of international medical research activities in Deputy Ministr...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:Non-Communicable disease (NCDs) is a killer of people that needs to urgent actions across the world. Scientific evidence is the critical arm for effective interventions. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the trend of four main NCDs' scientific publication in a 17-yr period, and reflect international collaborat...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:To survey the prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between anticancer drugs and non-anticancer drugs and evaluate the risk factors associated with these drug-drug interactions in China. Methods:All discharged patients in the Department of Oncology were collected from Jun to Dec in 2016 with...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to assess the levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory had been fulfilled and to compare the Maslow's hierarchy of needs among Iranian different ethnic groups at Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). METHODS:This research was a descriptive-analytical study which conduct...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of medication discrepancies and its related factors using medication reconciliation method in patients admitted to the emergency department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences hospitals. METHODS:In this cross-sectional study, 200 adult patients with at...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:We aimed to evaluate the risk factors of the daily mortality associated with air pollution causing acute lower respiratory tract infections. Methods:We applied a short time series analysis to the air pollution record, meteorological data and 133 non-accidental death data in Shengyang, China, in 2013-2015. A...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：Background:The prevalence of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) varies from region to region caused by seasonal climate changes and temperature variation. This study aimed to assess the relationship between changing meteorological conditions and incidence of AMI in Iran. Methods:This retrospective prevalence study was ...
journal_title：Iranian journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
