Abstract：
:Our study is the first to look at mobile device use for child sexual exploitation material (CSEM) consumption, and at the global impact of deterrence efforts by search providers. We used data from Google, Bing, and Yandex to assess how web searches for CSEM are being conducted, both at present and historically. Our findings show that the blocking efforts by Google and Microsoft have resulted in a 67% drop in the past year in web-based searches for CSEM. Additionally, our findings show that mobile devices are a substantial platform for web-based consumption of CSEM, with tablets and smartphones representing 32% of all queries associated with CSEM conducted on Bing. Further, our findings show that a major search engine not located in the United States, Yandex, did not undertake blocking efforts similar to those implemented by Google and Microsoft and has seen no commensurate drop in CSEM searches and continues to profit from ad revenue on these queries. While the efforts by Google and Microsoft have had a deterrence effect in the United States, searchers from Russia and other locations where child pornography possession is not criminalized have continued to use these services. Additionally, the same lax enforcement environment has allowed searchers from the United States to utilize Yandex with little fear of detection or referral to United States law enforcement from the Russian authorities.
journal_name
Child Abuse Negljournal_title
Child abuse & neglectauthors
Steel CMdoi
10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.12.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-06-01 00:00:00pages
150-8eissn
0145-2134issn
1873-7757pii
S0145-2134(14)00441-4journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:Not every adolescent exposed to child maltreatment develops symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), emphasizing the need to identify variables that explain how some maltreated children come to develop these symptoms. This study tested whether a set of variables, respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) a...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.09.012
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the psychometric properties of a new measure, the Abuse-Related Beliefs Questionnaire (ARBQ), designed to assess abuse-related beliefs among adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Study 1 examined the structure of the scale, and Study 2 evaluated its reliability and validity. METHOD:One...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.01.004
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Every day, in the United States, children are removed from their homes and placed into state supervised out-of-home care because of concerns around their safety. These children enter care as a result of child abuse, child neglect, abandonment or some other reasons. Lost in most discussions of out-of-home care is the r...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.01.002
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The primary goal of the current study was to determine whether rates of child sexual abuse differed among undergraduate women who either had or had not participated in a sexual abuse prevention program during childhood. A secondary goal was to determine whether differences emerged in sexual satisfaction or av...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0145-2134(00)00179-4
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Secondary prevention of child abuse and neglect aims at protecting children who live in high-risk environments when overt abuse has not yet occurred, but is likely to occur in the future. Several screening strategies to identify families at high risk for child maltreatment have been reported in the literature, none of...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0145-2134(95)00099-t
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maltreated youth have higher rates of school dropout than their non-maltreated peers. School connectedness is a modifiable predictor of school success. We hypothesized maltreated youth's school connectedness (supportive relationships with adults at school and participation in school clubs) would be positively associat...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.04.023
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the prevalence of child maltreatment as perpetrated by parents, its associated health outcomes, and its resilient factors among high school students in China. METHODS:A multi-level stratified random school-based survey was conducted in 2005. Twenty four high schools were randomly chos...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.02.010
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study evaluated a school-based child sexual abuse prevention program which consisted of separate 2-hour workshops for children, parents, and teachers. Questionnaires concerning the children's knowledge about sexual abuse prevention and level of emotional distress were developed and administered to 88 children, ag...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0145-2134(87)90075-5
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although role conflict is well recognized for women in general, it has not been explored for women who are mothers and wives in paternally incestuous families. This study sought to remedy that oversight by analyzing the data gleaned from in-depth life history interviews with 20 women from paternally incestuous familie...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0145-2134(94)90097-3
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the decade of the 70s, much was learned about abused and neglected children and their families. Public outcry demanded action at the state, regional and national level hoping that the effort would generate more effective methods of identification, intervention and treatment. Consequently, researchers and theoretici...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0145-2134(84)90030-9
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To present new estimates of the average lifetime costs per child maltreatment victim and aggregate lifetime costs for all new child maltreatment cases incurred in 2008 using an incidence-based approach. METHODS:This study used the best available secondary data to develop cost per case estimates. For each co...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.10.006
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:At 6 sites serving 21 communities, Alaska implemented Healthy Families Alaska, a home visitation program using paraprofessionals designed to decrease child abuse and neglect. The primary study objective was to compare changes over time in Child Protective Services outcomes by Healthy Families Alaska enrollme...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.08.004
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Diagnostic Inventory of Personality and Symptoms (DIPS) was used to assess psychopathology in a clinical sample of 30 women with histories of intra-familial sexual victimization, 22 women with histories of extra-familial sexual victimization, and 30 women with no victimization experiences. The present study examin...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0145-2134(94)00115-b
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper assesses how many children and youth have had exposure to programs aimed at preventing various kinds of violence perpetration and victimization. Based on a national sample of children 5-17, 65% had ever been exposed to a violence prevention program, 55% in the past year. Most respondents (71%) rated the pro...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.01.010
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes the extent to which abused and neglected children report intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and perpetration when followed up into middle adulthood. Using data from a prospective cohort design study, children (ages 0-11) with documented histories of physical and sexual abuse and/or negl...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.11.004
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increasingly, evidence-based treatment guidelines emphasize the role of parents in first-line treatment approaches for child and adolescent psychiatric disorders. Yet there are no best practice guidelines for practitioners on the identification and reporting of suspicions and disclosures of child maltreatmen...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.11.010
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study presents evaluative data on the Childhood Experiences of Violence Questionnaire (CEVQ), a brief, self-report measure of youth victimization. METHODS:Literature reviews, expert consultations and qualitative interviews informed the development of the CEVQ. Test-retest reliability of the preliminary ...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.05.003
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One-hundred-ninety-nine adult mental health service users were interviewed with a protocol that included the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Structured Clinical Interviews for Axis I and II DSM-IV disorders, the Global Assessment of Functioning scale, the SCORE family assessment measure, the Camberwell Assessment ...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.04.021
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although previous literature on incest has dealt extensively with the nature, parameters, and effects of such abuse, it has not focused on the role of coping in the psychological adjustment of victims. Forty-five female adolescent incest victims in treatment completed questionnaires regarding their current adjustment,...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0145-2134(91)90073-m
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Adverse childhood experiences and bullying are factors associated with an increased risk of harmful outcomes to the physical and mental health of adolescents, which may affect their resilience. OBJECTIVE:This study analyzed the association between exposure to childhood adversities and bullying behaviors in ...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.04.003
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine if meaningful groups of at-risk pre-adolescent youth could be identified based on their self-report of physical and sexual abuse histories. METHODS:Youth participating in a consortium of ongoing longitudinal studies were interviewed using an audio-computer assisted self-interview (A-CASI) when t...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.10.007
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the recent increase in interest in the area of child sexual abuse, few studies have explored the attitudes of professionals involved in working with children. The present study investigates variables relating to the attribution of censure by two professional groups (teachers and social workers), to a victim of...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0145-2134(90)90013-j
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to understand the main factors influencing the decision of adolescent girls to run away from home in Tigray, northern Ethiopia, and to explore the social and cultural construction of female adolescent runaways in this region. METHOD:In-depth qualitative interviews with seven runaway adolesce...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104125
更新日期：2019-08-12 00:00:00
abstract：:This research tested the influence of two common sources of information on boys' perceptions of their risk for sexual abuse. In this sample exposure to prevention education programs was associated with a lower perceived likelihood of being sexually abused, and discussion of child sexual abuse with parents was associat...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0145-2134(94)90082-5
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research documents how exposure to adversity in childhood leads to negative health outcomes across the lifespan. Less is known about protective factors - aspects of the individual, family, and community that promote good health despite exposure to adversity. Guided by the Resilience Portfolio Model, this study examine...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.01.011
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study follows a group of women who had their first babies by emergency caesarian section under a general anaesthetic and compares them with a control group who had a normal vaginal delivery. The emergency caesarian sections were not done for a clear cut medical emergency but for reasons such as foetal distress, p...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0145-2134(83)90045-5
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:More than one adolescent out of three will use psychological dating violence (DV) as a strategy to resolve conflict in romantic relationships, which will have major consequences on their partner's well-being. However, over time, most adolescents will learn skills to better interact and face conflicts, sugges...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104167
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine trends by year in reports of victims of child maltreatment in the US Army Central Registry (ACR) during the period 1975-97. We report the rates/1,000 children of Army families of initial substantiated cases from 1988-97 and the number of cases of maltreatment as a percentage of total victims for ea...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0145-2134(99)00060-5
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study examines the impact of Children's Advocacy Centers (CAC) and other factors, such as the child's age, alleged penetration, and injury on the use of forensic medical examinations as part of the response to reported child sexual abuse. METHODS:This analysis is part of a quasi-experimental study, the ...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.04.006
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children's drawings have been used in clinical interviews to provide direction for recollection and memory of events. Drawings encourage the retrieval of experience in the motoric, visual, and auditory recall. The drawing itself gives an expression of motor sensory discharge; the objects in the drawing help with the p...
journal_title：Child abuse & neglect
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0145-2134(93)90015-w
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
