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Athletes' use of mental skills during sport injury rehabilitation.

Abstract：

CONTEXT:Existing theoretical frameworks and empirical research support the applicability and usefulness of integrating mental skills throughout sport injury rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE:To determine what, if any, mental skills athletes use during injury rehabilitation, and by who these skills were taught. Cross-cultural differences were also examined. DESIGN:Cross-sectional design. SETTING:College athletes from 5 universities in the United States and a mixture of collegiate, professional, and recreational club athletes from the United Kingdom and Finland were recruited for this study. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 1283 athletes from the United States, United Kingdom, and Finland, who participated in diverse sports at varying competitive levels took part in this study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:As part of a larger study on athletes' expectations of injury rehabilitation, participants were asked a series of open-ended and closed-ended questions concerning their use of mental skills during injury rehabilitation. RESULTS:Over half (64.0%) of the sample reported previous experience with athletic training, while 27.0% indicated that they used mental skills during injury rehabilitation. The top 3 mental skills reported were goal setting, positive self-talk/positive thoughts, and imagery. Of those athletes that used mental skills, 71.6% indicated that they felt mental skills helped them to rehabilitate faster. A greater proportion of athletes from the United States (33.4%) reported that they used mental skills during rehabilitation compared with athletes from the United Kingdom (23.4%) and Finland (20.3%). A small portion (27.6%) of the participants indicated that their sports medicine professional had taught them how to use mental skills; only 3% were taught mental skills by a sport psychologist. CONCLUSIONS:The low number of athletes who reported using mental skills during rehabilitation is discouraging, but not surprising given research findings that mental skills are underutilized by injured athletes in the 3 countries examined. More effort should be focused on educating and training athletes, coaches, and sports medicine professionals on the effectiveness of mental training in the injury rehabilitation context.

journal_name

J Sport Rehabil

journal_title

Journal of sport rehabilitation

authors

Arvinen-Barrow M,Clement D,Hamson-Utley JJ,Zakrajsek RA,Lee SM,Kamphoff C,Lintunen T,Hemmings B,Martin SB

doi

10.1123/jsr.2013-0148

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-05-01 00:00:00

pages

189-97

issue

eissn

1056-6716

issn

1543-3072

pii

2013-0148

journal_volume

pub_type

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Athletes' use of mental skills during sport injury rehabilitation.