Abstract:
:Formylglycine (fGly) is a catalytically essential residue found almost exclusively in the active sites of type I sulfatases. Formed by post-translational oxidation of cysteine or serine side chains, this aldehyde-functionalized residue participates in a unique and highly efficient catalytic mechanism for sulfate ester hydrolysis. The enzymes that produce fGly, formylglycine-generating enzyme (FGE) and anaerobic sulfatase-maturating enzyme (anSME), are as unique and specialized as fGly itself. FGE especially is structurally and mechanistically distinct, and serves the sole function of activating type I sulfatase targets. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the mechanism by which fGly contributes to sulfate ester hydrolysis, the molecular details of fGly biogenesis by FGE and anSME, and finally, recent biotechnology applications of fGly beyond its natural catalytic function.
journal_name
ACS Chem Bioljournal_title
ACS chemical biologyauthors
Appel MJ,Bertozzi CRdoi
10.1021/cb500897wsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-16 00:00:00pages
72-84issue
1eissn
1554-8929issn
1554-8937journal_volume
10pub_type
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