Prenatal imaging of occipital encephaloceles.

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:This retrospective study aims to describe systematically the fetal cerebral MR morphology in cases with occipital meningoencephaloceles using standard and advanced fetal MRI techniques. MATERIAL AND METHODS:The 1.5-tesla MR examinations (T1- and T2-weighted imaging, echo planar imaging, EPI, diffusion-weighted imaging, DWI) of 14 fetuses with occipital/parietal meningoencephaloceles were retrospectively analyzed for the classification of anatomic characteristics. A diffusion tensor sequence was performed in 5 cases. RESULTS:In 9/14 cases the occipital lobes were entirely or partially included in the encephalocele sac. Typical features of Chiari III malformation were seen in 6/14 cases. The displaced brain appeared grossly disorganized in 6/14. The brainstem displayed abnormal 'kinking'/rotation (3/14), a z-shape (1/14) and/or a molar tooth-like configuration of the midbrain (3/14). Tractography revealed the presence and position of sensorimotor tracts in 5/5 and the corpus callosum in 3/5. DWI was helpful in the identification of a displaced brain (in 8/9). EPI visualized the anatomy of draining cerebral veins in 7/9 cases. Clinical (9/14) and MRI (7/14) follow-up data are presented. DISCUSSION:Encephaloceles show a wide range of morphological heterogeneity. Fetal MRI serves as an accurate tool in the visualization of brainstem, white matter pathway and cerebral venous involvement and facilitates the detection of specific underlying syndromes such as ciliopathies.

journal_name

Fetal Diagn Ther

authors

Kasprian GJ,Paldino MJ,Mehollin-Ray AR,Shetty A,Williams JL,Lee W,Cassady CI

doi

10.1159/000366159

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-01-01 00:00:00

pages

241-8

issue

3

eissn

1015-3837

issn

1421-9964

pii

000366159

journal_volume

37

pub_type

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