The HIV-1 envelope transmembrane domain binds TLR2 through a distinct dimerization motif and inhibits TLR2-mediated responses.

abstract：:Necrotrophic plant pathogens acquire nutrients from dead plant cells, which requires the disintegration of the plant cell wall and tissue structures by the pathogen. Infected plants lose tissue integrity and functional immunity as a result, exposing the nutrient rich, decayed tissues to the environment. One challenge ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Cui Z,Yang CH,Kharadi RR,Yuan X,Sundin GW,Triplett LR,Wang J,Zeng Q

更新日期：2019-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Autologous transplantation and engraftment of HIV-resistant cells in sufficient numbers should recapitulate the functional cure of the Berlin Patient, with applicability to a greater number of infected individuals and with a superior safety profile. A robust preclinical model of suppressed HIV infection is critical in...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Peterson CW,Wang J,Deleage C,Reddy S,Kaur J,Polacino P,Reik A,Huang ML,Jerome KR,Hu SL,Holmes MC,Estes JD,Kiem HP

更新日期：2018-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogens often follow more than one transmission route during outbreaks-from needle sharing plus sexual transmission of HIV to small droplet aerosol plus fomite transmission of influenza. Thus, controlling an infectious disease outbreak often requires characterizing the risk associated with multiple mechanisms of tra...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Allard A,Althouse BM,Hébert-Dufresne L,Scarpino SV

更新日期：2017-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant pathogens secrete an arsenal of effector proteins to impair host immunity. Some effectors possess enzymatic activities that can modify their host targets. Previously, we demonstrated that a Phytophthora sojae RXLR effector Avr3b acts as a Nudix hydrolase when expressed in planta; and this enzymatic activity is r...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Kong G,Zhao Y,Jing M,Huang J,Yang J,Xia Y,Kong L,Ye W,Xiong Q,Qiao Y,Dong S,Ma W,Wang Y

更新日期：2015-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpesviruses encode a characteristic serine protease with a unique fold and an active site that comprises the unusual triad Ser-His-His. The protease is essential for viral replication and as such constitutes a promising drug target. In solution, a dynamic equilibrium exists between an inactive monomeric and an activ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Zühlsdorf M,Werten S,Klupp BG,Palm GJ,Mettenleiter TC,Hinrichs W

更新日期：2015-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Future HIV vaccines are expected to induce effective Th1 cell-mediated and Env-specific antibody responses that are necessary to offer protective immunity to HIV infection. However, HIV infections are highly prevalent in helminth endemic areas. Helminth infections induce polarised Th2 responses that may impair HIV vac...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Dzhivhuho GA,Rehrl SA,Ndlovu H,Horsnell WGC,Brombacher F,Williamson AL,Chege GK

更新日期：2018-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) capsid or core protein (HBc) contains an N-terminal domain (NTD) and a C-terminal domain (CTD) connected by a short linker peptide. HBc plays a critical role in virtually every step of viral replication, which is further modulated by dynamic phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of its CTD. Whi...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Xi J,Luckenbaugh L,Hu J

更新日期：2021-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 assembly and release are believed to occur at the plasma membrane in most host cells with the exception of primary macrophages, for which exclusive budding at late endosomes has been reported. Here, we applied a novel ultrastructural approach to assess HIV-1 budding in primary macrophages in an immunomarker-inde...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Welsch S,Keppler OT,Habermann A,Allespach I,Krijnse-Locker J,Kräusslich HG

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The origin recognition complex (ORC) coordinates a series of events that lead to initiation of DNA strand duplication. As a nuclear double stranded DNA plasmid, the papillomavirus (PV) genome resembles a mini-chromosome in infected cells. To initiate its replication, the viral E2 protein binds to and recruits the E1 D...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： DeSmet M,Kanginakudru S,Rietz A,Wu WH,Roden R,Androphy EJ

更新日期：2016-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Cerebrovascular dysfunction plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria. In experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) induced by Plasmodium berghei ANKA, cerebrovascular dysfunction characterized by vascular constriction, occlusion and damage results in impaired perfusion and reduced cerebral blood flow and oxy...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Ong PK,Melchior B,Martins YC,Hofer A,Orjuela-Sánchez P,Cabrales P,Zanini GM,Frangos JA,Carvalho LJ

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human rhinovirus (RV) infections are the principle cause of common colds and precipitate asthma and COPD exacerbations. There is currently no RV vaccine, largely due to the existence of ∼150 strains. We aimed to define highly conserved areas of the RV proteome and test their usefulness as candidate antigens for a broa...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Glanville N,McLean GR,Guy B,Lecouturier V,Berry C,Girerd Y,Gregoire C,Walton RP,Pearson RM,Kebadze T,Burdin N,Bartlett NW,Almond JW,Johnston SL

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infectious prions propagate from peripheral entry sites into the central nervous system (CNS), where they cause progressive neurodegeneration that ultimately leads to death. Yet the pathogenesis of prion disease can vary dramatically depending on the strain, or conformational variant of the aberrantly folded and aggre...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Bett C,Joshi-Barr S,Lucero M,Trejo M,Liberski P,Kelly JW,Masliah E,Sigurdson CJ

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microfold (M) cell host-pathogen interaction studies would benefit from the visual analysis of dynamic cellular and microbial interplays. We adapted a human in vitro M cell model to physiological bacterial infections, expression of fluorescent localization reporters and long-term three-dimensional time-lapse microscop...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Rey C,Chang YY,Latour-Lambert P,Varet H,Proux C,Legendre R,Coppée JY,Enninga J

更新日期：2020-04-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Exosomes can transfer genetic materials between cells. Their roles in viral infections are beginning to be appreciated. Researches have shown that exosomes released from virus-infected cells contain a variety of viral and host cellular factors that are able to modulate recipient's cellular response and result in produ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Fu Y,Zhang L,Zhang F,Tang T,Zhou Q,Feng C,Jin Y,Wu Z

更新日期：2017-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) transmits signals from RIG-I-like receptors after RNA virus infections. However, the mechanism by which MAVS activates downstream components, such as TBK1 and IKKα/β, is unclear, although previous work suggests the involvement of NEMO or TBK1-binding proteins TANK, NAP1...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Fang R,Jiang Q,Zhou X,Wang C,Guan Y,Tao J,Xi J,Feng JM,Jiang Z

更新日期：2017-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants possess active defense systems and can protect themselves from pathogenic invasion by secretion of a variety of small antimicrobial or antifungal proteins such as thionins. The antibacterial and antifungal properties of thionins are derived from their ability to induce open pore formation on cell membranes of p...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Asano T,Miwa A,Maeda K,Kimura M,Nishiuchi T

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increasing number of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are considered leads for HIV-1 vaccine development and novel therapeutics. Here, we systematically explored the capacity of bnAbs to neutralize HIV-1 prior to and post-CD4 engagement and to block HIV-1 cell-cell transmission. Cell-cell spread is known to ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Reh L,Magnus C,Schanz M,Weber J,Uhr T,Rusert P,Trkola A

更新日期：2015-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the hallmarks of adaptive immunity is the development of a long-term pathogen specific memory response. While persistent memory T cells certainly impact the immune response during a secondary challenge, their role in unrelated infections is less clear. To address this issue, we utilized lymphocytic choriomening...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Crosby EJ,Goldschmidt MH,Wherry EJ,Scott P

更新日期：2014-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpesviruses persist indefinitely in their host through complex and poorly defined interactions that mediate latent, chronic or productive states of infection. Human cytomegalovirus (CMV or HCMV), a ubiquitous β-herpesvirus, coordinates the expression of two viral genes, UL135 and UL138, which have opposing roles in ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Buehler J,Zeltzer S,Reitsma J,Petrucelli A,Umashankar M,Rak M,Zagallo P,Schroeder J,Terhune S,Goodrum F

更新日期：2016-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Mycobacterium tuberculosis is sensitive to nitric oxide generated by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Consequently, to ensure its survival in macrophages, M. tuberculosis inhibits iNOS recruitment to its phagosome by an unknown mechanism. Here we report the mechanism underlying this process, whereby mycobacteri...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Davis AS,Vergne I,Master SS,Kyei GB,Chua J,Deretic V

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environments such as light condition influence the spread of infectious diseases by affecting insect vector behavior. However, whether and how light affects the host defense which further affects insect preference and performance, remains unclear, nor has been demonstrated how pathogens co-adapt light condition to fac...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Zhao P,Zhang X,Gong Y,Wang D,Xu D,Wang N,Sun Y,Gao L,Liu SS,Deng XW,Kliebenstein DJ,Zhou X,Fang RX,Ye J

更新日期：2021-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Filariae are parasitic nematodes that are transmitted to their definitive host as third-stage larvae by arthropod vectors like mosquitoes. Filariae cause diseases including: lymphatic filariasis with distressing and disturbing symptoms like elephantiasis; and river blindness. Filarial diseases affect millions of peopl...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Kashyap SS,Verma S,Voronin D,Lustigman S,Kulke D,Robertson AP,Martin RJ

更新日期：2019-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Over 200 million people have, and another 600 million are at risk of contracting, schistosomiasis, one of the major neglected tropical diseases. Transmission of this infection, which is caused by helminth parasites of the genus Schistosoma, depends upon the release of parasite eggs from the human host. However, approx...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Freitas TC,Jung E,Pearce EJ

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latency in sensory ganglia such as trigeminal ganglia (TG) is associated with a persistent immune infiltrate that includes effector memory CD8+ T cells that can influence HSV-1 reactivation. In C57BL/6 mice, HSV-1 induces a highly skewed CD8+ T cell repertoire, in which half of CD8+...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Treat BR,Bidula SM,Ramachandran S,St Leger AJ,Hendricks RL,Kinchington PR

更新日期：2017-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:During infection Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) encounters multiple environments within the host, which makes rapid adaptation a crucial factor for meningococcal survival. Despite the importance of invasion into the bloodstream in the meningococcal disease process, little is known about how Nm adapts to permit survival a...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Echenique-Rivera H,Muzzi A,Del Tordello E,Seib KL,Francois P,Rappuoli R,Pizza M,Serruto D

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The control of mosquito populations with insecticide treated bed nets and indoor residual sprays remains the cornerstone of malaria reduction and elimination programs. In light of widespread insecticide resistance in mosquitoes, however, alternative strategies for reducing transmission by the mosquito vector are urgen...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Childs LM,Cai FY,Kakani EG,Mitchell SN,Paton D,Gabrieli P,Buckee CO,Catteruccia F

更新日期：2016-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Infectious complications are a common cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy due to increased risk of oral and gastrointestinal candidiasis, candidemia and septicemia. Interactions between C. albicans and endogenous mucosal bacteria are important in understanding the mechanisms of ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Bertolini M,Ranjan A,Thompson A,Diaz PI,Sobue T,Maas K,Dongari-Bagtzoglou A

更新日期：2019-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The highly pathogenic Old World arenavirus Lassa virus (LASV) and the prototypic arenavirus lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) use α-dystroglycan as a cellular receptor and enter the host cell by an unusual endocytotic pathway independent of clathrin, caveolin, dynamin, and actin. Upon internalization, the viru...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Pasqual G,Rojek JM,Masin M,Chatton JY,Kunz S

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus equi subspecies equi (S. equi) is a clonal, equine host-adapted pathogen of global importance that causes a suppurative lymphodendopathy of the head and neck, more commonly known as Strangles. The disease is highly prevalent, can be severe and is highly contagious. Antibiotic treatment is usually ineffec...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Guss B,Flock M,Frykberg L,Waller AS,Robinson C,Smith KC,Flock JI

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA granules are cellular structures, which play an important role in mRNA translation, storage, and degradation. Animal (+)RNA viruses often co-opt RNA granule proteins for viral reproduction. However, the role of RNA granules in plant viral infections is poorly understood. Here we use Potato virus A (PVA) as a model...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Hafrén A,Lõhmus A,Mäkinen K

更新日期：2015-12-07 00:00:00