Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Ankle-foot orthoses are known to have a generally positive effect on gait in stroke, however the specifc type of AFO and the time point at which it is provided are highly variable in the currently available literature. OBJECTIVE:The objective was to determine the immediate spatiotemporal and kinematic effect of custom-made solid ankle-foot orthoses in early stroke rehabilitation, compared to shod walking. METHODS:Five male and three female participants were recruited to the study (n = 8), with a mean age of 57 (16) years who were 3.5 (3) weeks post-stroke. Each received a custom-made solid ankle-foot orthosis to a predefined set of design criteria and tuned using heel wedges to control the shank inclination angle during shod walking. Repeated spatiotemporal and three-dimensional gait measures were taken pre- and immediately post-intervention. STUDY DESIGN:A pre-post-test experimental study. RESULTS:With the solid ankle-foot orthosis, walking velocity increased from 0.22 (0.2) to 0.36 (0.3) m/s (p < 0.05), overall average step length increased from 0.28 (0.1) to 0.37 (0.1) m (p < 0.05), cadence increased from 45 (19) to 56 (19) steps/min (p < 0.05) and step length symmetry ratio increased from 0.65 (0.2) to 0.74 (0.2) (not significant). No clear changes were observed in the joint kinematics of the hip and knee. CONCLUSION:In our small group of early stroke patients who were fitted with a solid ankle-foot orthosis, immediate significant improvements occurred in walking speed, step length and cadence, when compared to walking with shoes only. CLINICAL RELEVANCE:This study provides evidence about the immediate effects of custom solid ankle-foot orthoses on gait of early stroke survivors. Ankle-foot orthosis design specifications are fully described for replication. This study suggests that observing global segment orientation may be more useful than joint angles when fitting and tuning ankle-foot orthoses for optimal ankle-foot orthosis/footwear alignment.
journal_name
Prosthet Orthot Intjournal_title
Prosthetics and orthotics internationalauthors
Carse B,Bowers R,Meadows BC,Rowe Pdoi
10.1177/0309364614538090subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-12-01 00:00:00pages
454-62issue
6eissn
0309-3646issn
1746-1553pii
0309364614538090journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Individuals with transtibial amputation are at increase risk of falling. The absence of an ankle joint and the associated musculature in these individuals can reduce clearance between the prosthetic foot and ground during the swing phase of gait, which may increase the risk of stumbling and in turn falling. ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364616650085
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes a new casting system for transtibial socket fabrication. Like the earlier CIR Sand Casting System, the CIR Casting System is based on the 'dilatancy' principle that is similar to the packaging process for coffee beans by which loose beans become a solid mass when a vacuum is applied. The main diff...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/03093640802446703
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In able-bodied individuals, the ankle joint functions to provide shock absorption, aid in foot clearance during the swing phase, and provides a rocker mechanism during stance phase to facilitate forward progression of the body. Prosthetic ankles currently used by persons with lower limb amputations provide considerabl...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02699200701847244
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 24-year-old female developed, in infancy, progressive right upper and lower limb muscle and soft tissue contractures and had a diagnosis of melorheostosis made on X-ray and pathological specimens. At the age of 11 years she began to have pain in the right hip and lower limb and this later became the dominant feature...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17461550500066808
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Falling represents a health risk for lower limb amputees fitted with an osseointegrated fixation mainly because of the potential damage to the fixation. The purpose of this study was to characterize a real forward fall that occurred inadvertently to a transfemoral amputee fitted with an osseointegrated fixation while ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093640903585024
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reviews the literature comparing the results obtained in applying regimes involving motion with those involving rest following injury or surgery. The deleterious effects of immobilisation are compared to those obtained under conditions of passive motion and intermittent passive motion. It is concluded that ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/03093649309164369
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Silicone rubbers and casting tapes individually have previously been used in the manufacture of sockets (Swanson, 1972; Sweitzer, 1973; Ruder, 1977; Graves, 1980; Aqualite, 1982). The authors believe that the present combination of these materials to manufacture a directly moulded socket with a complete silicone rubbe...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093648509164717
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few studies have explored the effects of exercise on gait performance in people with lower limb amputations. OBJECTIVES:To (1) summarize the effects of exercise programs on gait performance and (2) assess the overall quality of the evidence for adults ambulating with leg prostheses. STUDY DESIGN:Systematic...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0309364614546926
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, attempts have been made to construct actuators with similar behaviour to natural muscles. However the results have been inadequate for application to practical prostheses. For example, muscle wire, which has too low an efficiency to be powered by batteries and McKibben muscles which require two power supplie...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/03093640208726652
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The role of the prosthetist has changed substantially over the past century. In the transition from 'limb-maker' to 'clinician', the expectations of prosthetics professionals have also changed. OBJECTIVES:To develop and test a new scale capable of assessing and comparing current expectations of the roles of...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364617698519
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Individuals with proximal femoral focal deficiency (PFFD) present with a shortened femur. This report highlights the process used to determine prosthetic candidacy, a novel use of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) prosthetic materials, and subsequent rehabilitation when treating in rural Ha...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364612447095
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Terminal overgrowth in transverse deficiencies and in amputations, particularly of the humerus and tibia necessitate serial trimming procedures or re-amputation. Capping using an autogenous bone graft or a titanium and polyethylene endoprosthetic cap provides a satisfactory way of avoiding these re-amputations and all...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093649109164641
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study served as a pilot to develop the methodology for a larger number of clinical trials. Ten trans-tibial amputees compared sockets made by conventional methods with sockets made using computer aided socket design (CASD). Prosthetists, paired for experience, fitted each subject with one prosthesis using each me...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093648609164519
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Step counts, obtained via activity monitors, provide insight into activity level in the free-living environment. Accuracy assessments of activity monitors are limited among individuals with lower-limb amputations. OBJECTIVES:(1) To evaluate the step count accuracy of both monitors during forward-linear and ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364618767138
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This contribution presents the case histories of two patients who underwent limb amputation. One patient suffered from psoriasis prior to the surgery and the second developed psoriatic lesions post surgery. Both patients were provided with a prosthesis and despite the multiple cutaneous complications of the psoriasis ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093640309167979
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A non-articulated plantarflexion resist ankle foot orthosis (AFO), commonly known as a posterior leaf spring AFO, is indicated for patients with motor impairment to the dorsiflexors. The AFO is often custom molded to a patient's lower limb anatomy and fabricated from polypropylene. There are no established g...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364610394477
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The devastating earthquake in Sichuan in 2008 has left many adolescent amputees. However, little research has been focused on the adolescent amputees who have high potential to return to premorbid activity level. OBJECTIVES:To investigate daily step activities and prosthesis-related quality of life of the a...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364614556837
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:It is difficult to measure foam model shapes using contact digitizers because the stylus contact tends to get stuck in the soft foam. The aim of this paper is to describe a technique to overcome this challenge and to assess its effect on digitizer error. TECHNIQUE:A controlled laboratory study was c...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364610394478
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transfer of Musculus Latissimus dorsi/M. Teres major to the rotator cuff with or without M. Subscapularis/M. Pectoralis release is a widely used procedure for restoring shoulder abduction and external rotation in squeal of obstetric brachial plexus palsy. After the operation a shoulder abduction orthosis in maximal ex...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/03093640802015755
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study the psychophysical detection threshold levels mechanical stimulation of 32 prosthetic limbs were determined. Prosthetic limbs were anchored to the bone by means of an implant (n=17) or supported by a socket enclosing the amputation stump (n=15). Detection threshold levels were assessed for pressur...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/03093640008726536
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Orthoses which fit inside shoes have, in many cases in the past, been fashioned to the shape of the patient's foot. It is suggested that improved stability and comfort is achieved if, instead, the outside shape of the foot-piece of the orthosis is fashioned to the inside shape of the footwear. A method for achieving t...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093647909103088
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Modern sockets for lower limb amputees utilize total contact and distribute some weight on the stump end. Its tolerance to bear weight varies but is better after joint disarticulation, however, systematic measures have been missing. Different levels, indications, shapes etc. were analysed with 102 measurements in 69 p...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093648209166575
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was performed to investigate the efficacy of prosthetic rehabilitation in children with congenital malformations, also to determine whether there were any factors related to family history and pregnancy which could have affected the formation of such deficiencies. Twenty-five (25) limb deficient children we...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093649909071624
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Relatively little is known about spine during gait compared to movement analysis of the lower extremities. The trunk is often regarded and analysed as a single rigid segment and there is a paucity of information on inter-segmental movement within the spine and its relationship to pelvis and lower limbs. OBJ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364615579319
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of varying prosthetic shank mass, while maintaining the mass centre location and moment of inertia, on the swing phase kinematics, kinetics and hip muscular effort of free speed above-knee (AK) amputee gait. Six AK amputees, wearing similar prosthetic designs, had ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093649009080338
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the evidence which supports the importance of maintaining relative abduction for effective reciprocal walking in high level paraplegic patients. In comparisons of orthoses, where this can only be achieved mechanically, those with higher lateral rigidity consistently showed greater levels of walking...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093649509080352
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinically applied multichannel stimulation was visualized in the very beginnings of FES. A short survey of existing multichannel systems was taken and compared to initial expectations. While much still remains to be done to get multichannel stimulation out of the research environment and into the clinical routine, th...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093647709164605
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gains in stump volume have been documented in trans-tibial amputees while walking in custom made under-sized, total surface-bearing, vacuum-assisted sockets (Board et al., 2001). These gains raised doubts as to whether the sockets were truly under-sized and concerns that using an over-sized socket with vacuum-assist c...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/03093640308726666
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to reduce the need for repeated changes of socket due to postoperative atrophy and resorption of oedema simple temporary limbs are required to delay the casting of individual sockets until the stump is more mature. A randomized study of 95 below-knee amputees was performed with a re-usable temporary one-size ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3109/03093648309166980
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple alignment apparatus and the method of transferring the offset test load to the prosthetic assembly through an aligned mandrel for the principal structural tests in accordance with ISO 10328 is presented. The new alignment apparatus was used to prepare test specimens consisting of traditional laminated prosthe...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/03093640008726554
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00