Abstract：
:In an effort to explore the feasibility of converting a lipase into an esterase by modifying the lid region, we designed and characterized two novel Rhizopus chinensis lipase variants by lid swapping. The substrate specificity of an R. chinensis lipase was successfully modified toward water-soluble substrates, that is, turned into an esterase, by replacing the hydrophobic lid with a hydrophilic lid from ferulic acid esterase from Aspergillus niger Meanwhile, as a comparison, the lid of R. chinensis lipase was replaced by a hydrophobic lid from Rhizomucor miehei lipase, which did not alter its substrate specificity but led to a 5.4-fold higher catalytic efficiency (k*cat/K*m) toward p-nitrophenyl laurate. Based on the analysis of structure-function relationships, it suggests that the amphipathic nature of the lid is very important for the substrate specificity. This study provides new insight into the structural basis of lipase specificities and a way to tune the substrate preference of lipases.
journal_name
J Lipid Resjournal_title
Journal of lipid researchauthors
Yu XW,Zhu SS,Xiao R,Xu Ydoi
10.1194/jlr.M043950subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-06-01 00:00:00pages
1044-51issue
6eissn
0022-2275issn
1539-7262pii
jlr.M043950journal_volume
55pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Ricinoleic acid (12-hydroxyoctadec-cis-9-enoic acid) has many specialized uses in bioproduct industries, while castor bean is currently the only commercial source for the fatty acid. This report describes metabolic engineering of a microbial system (Pichia pastoris) to produce ricinoleic acid using a "push" (synthesis...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M060954
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An in vitro method is presented which measures valid, unidirectional uptake rates for lipids across the intestinal brush border. This method combines analysis by a newly devised, double isotope counting system for solubilized tissue with the use of a nonabsorbable marker to correct gross uptake determinations for cont...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have recently reported that the human apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) genes are physically linked and that the presence of a DNA insertion in the apoA-I gene is correlated with apoA-I-apoC-III deficiency in patients with premature atherosclerosis. In addition, the presence of a polym...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recognition that the 7 alpha-hydroxylation of 27-hydroxycholesterol is catalyzed by an enzyme that is different from cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase raises the question as to the number of similar enzymes that may be present in liver and subserve bile acid synthesis. Thus, both 3 beta-hydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid a...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two novel mutations of the low density lipoprotein (LDL)-receptor gene were found in two Italian familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)-heterozygotes. The first mutation was an 18 nucleotide duplication in exon 8 which is preceded by an A-->T transversion. The translation product of the mutant allele was predicted to be a...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocytes express on their surfaces more than one class of receptors capable of mediating the internalization of lipoproteins. However, relatively little is known about the binding characteristics of hepatic receptors for various lipoproteins, about the regulation of the receptors, and about the consequences for int...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SREBP cleavage-activating protein (Scap) is an endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein required for cleavage and activation of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs), which activate the transcription of genes in sterol and fatty acid biosynthesis. Liver-specific loss of Scap is well tolerated; hepatic synt...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M059709
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The chemical composition and metabolism of lipoproteins in a population of Benedictine nuns were studied after 5-month periods during which the predominant dietary fats were sunflower oil, peanut oil, palm oil, or milk fats (butter and cream). The population was divided into three groups. The control group (C) include...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Incubation of ovarian luteal cells with the bioactive lipid mediator lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) for 180 min abolishes gonadotropin-induced steroid production with no attenuation of the cyclic AMP accumulation. Treatment with the lysolipid also diminishes [14C]steroid production in cells preloaded with either [14C]cho...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M400423-JLR200
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These studies examined the proposition that the small particle size of HDL3 in the plasma of hypertriglyceridemic subjects is the consequence of the sequential actions of lipid transfer protein and hepatic lipase on HDL. Incubation of unmodified total HDL or HDL3 in the presence of hepatic lipase resulted in a depleti...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytolipin R, a ceramide tetrahexoside isolated from rat lymphosarcoma, was studied by sequential hydrolysis with specific glycosidases which revealed the anomeric configurations of the glycosidic bonds. Sugar linkages were established by combined gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry of the partially methyla...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adipose tissue development was studied histochemically and histologically in fetuses from lean and obese sows. At 110 days of gestation, fetuses were removed from Ossabaw (obese-feral) sows and from sows selected for high backfat (obese-domestic) and for low backfat (lean) thickness. Body weights were similar for lean...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used [2-13C1]glycerol to characterize very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-triglyceride kinetics and intrahepatic glycerol metabolism in normal men (n = 4) after alcohol (EtOH) ingestion. [2-13C1]glycerol was infused before and after the consumption of 48 g EtOH or a placebo. Three additional subjects also received ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polymorphic transformations in two saturated-unsaturated mixed acid triacylglycerols, SOS (sn -1,3-distearoyl-2-oleoylglycerol) and OSO (sn -1,3-dioleoyl-2-stearoylglycerol), have been studied by FT-IR spectroscopy using deuterated specimens in which stearoyl chains are fully deuterated. A reversible phase transition ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Each abdominal fat depot, such as mesenteric or epididymal, differently contributes to the development of insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic regions that contribute to fat accumulation in epididymal/mesenteric fat and to examine whether or not the genetic regions that affect glucose ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M009563
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed at measuring the influence of a low salt diet on the development of experimental atherosclerosis in moderately hyperlipidemic mice. Experiments were carried out on LDL receptor (LDLR) knockout (KO) mice, or apolipoprotein E (apoE) KO mice on a low sodium chloride diet (LSD) as compared with a normal s...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M200330-JLR200
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methods were developed for the determination of HMG CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA) reductase activity in subcellular fractions of intestinal mucosa and liver of Wistar strain rats. In the liver, reductase activity was located exclusively in the microsomal fraction. In the intestinal mucosa, activity was found in...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human apolipoprotein C-II locus exhibits genetically determined structural polymorphism in United States and African blacks. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of the apoC-II polymorphism on quantitative serum levels of total cholesterol, total high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, cholest...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in chromatin structure regulate gene expression and genome maintenance. Molecules that bind to the nucleosome, the complex of DNA and histone proteins, are key modulators of chromatin structure. Previous work indicated that cholesterol, a ubiquitous cellular lipid, may bind to chromatin in vivo, suggesting a p...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M074997
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Essential fatty acids (EFA) are important structural and functional components of cell membranes. Their deficiency has been associated with several clinical and biochemical abnormalities. In the present study, the lipid profile as well as the concentration, composition, and metabolism of lipoproteins were examined in ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vitro studies show that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) can be released from membrane phospholipid by Ca(2+)-independent phospholipase A(2) (iPLA(2)), Ca(2+)-independent plasmalogen PLA(2) or secretory PLA(2 (sPLA2)), but not by Ca(2+)-dependent cytosolic PLA(2) (cPLA2), which selectively releases arachidonic acid (AA)....
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M006262
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MDCO-216, a complex of dimeric recombinant apoA-IMilano (apoA-IM) and palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC), was administered to cynomolgus monkeys at 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg every other day for a total of 21 infusions, and effects on lipids, (apo)lipoproteins, and ex-vivo cholesterol efflux capacity were monitor...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M033779
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The novel acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor CP-113,818 has been characterized in vitro against ACAT isolated from liver and intestine from a variety of species including human subjects, and in vivo in cholesterol-fed rats, hamsters, rabbits, and two species of nonhuman primates. CP-113,818 is a pot...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experimental approaches involving the perfusion of tissues and organs offer the advantage of improved physiological relevance over the use of isolated tissues or cells while at the same time being much more controlled and tissue-specific than studies in vivo. Nevertheless, there have been few metabolic studies perform...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.D500016-JLR200
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that regulatory T cells (T(reg)) are involved in the immunomodulatory effects of statins on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The 12-week study cohort consisted of 55 RA patients and 42 control subjects allocated to either a group treated with atorvastatin (AT) (20 mg/da...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1194/jlr.M010876
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gluco- and galactocerebrosides can be separated by thin-layer chromatography on Silica Gel G prepared with sodium borate solution instead of water. The most successful developing system was chloroform-methanol-water-15 M NH(4)OH 280:70:6:1. ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1966-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is becoming increasingly accepted that removal of cellular cholesterol occurs by at least two pathways, one involving the well-described aqueous diffusion mechanism and another promoted by lipid-free apolipoproteins. We compared the contribution of apolipoprotein-dependent and -independent pathways, taking into con...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the synthesis pathways of intracellular triacylglycerol (TAG) species have been well elucidated, assessment of the contribution of an individual pathway to TAG pools in different mammalian organs, particularly under pathophysiological conditions, is difficult, although not impossible. Herein, we developed and...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M033837
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diet-induced changes in high density lipoprotein (HDL) density and size were studied in patas monkeys. When the animals were switched from a moderate fat-low cholesterol diet to a high fat-high cholesterol (HFHC) diet, the plasma apoA-I levels increased initially in all of the animals. The apoA-I levels remained eleva...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zonation affects liver parenchymal cell function and metabolism as well as nonparenchymal cell activation, but whether VLDL production is zonated has yet to be elucidated. Infection induces enhanced VLDL secretion by the liver. Ex vivo studies were undertaken to examine the liver heterogeneity for VLDL formation and s...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M500003-JLR200
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
