Electron tomography of HIV-1 infection in gut-associated lymphoid tissue.

abstract：:Vaginal HIV transmission accounts for the majority of new infections worldwide. Currently, multiple efforts to prevent HIV transmission are based on pre-exposure prophylaxis with various antiretroviral drugs. Here, we describe two novel nanoformulations of the reverse transcriptase inhibitor rilpivirine for pericoital...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Kovarova M,Council OD,Date AA,Long JM,Nochi T,Belshan M,Shibata A,Vincent H,Baker CE,Thayer WO,Kraus G,Lachaud-Durand S,Williams P,Destache CJ,Garcia JV

更新日期：2015-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Dengue virus (DENV) is an enveloped RNA virus that causes the most common arthropod-borne infection worldwide. The mechanism by which DENV infects the host cell remains unclear. In this work, we used live-cell imaging and single-virus tracking to investigate the cell entry, endocytic trafficking, and fusion behavior o...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： van der Schaar HM,Rust MJ,Chen C,van der Ende-Metselaar H,Wilschut J,Zhuang X,Smit JM

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 infection of macrophages plays a key role in viral pathogenesis and progression to AIDS. Polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C); a synthetic analog of dsRNA) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the ligands for Toll-like receptors (TLR) TLR3 and TLR4, respectively, are known to decrease HIV-1 infection in ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Swaminathan G,Rossi F,Sierra LJ,Gupta A,Navas-Martín S,Martín-García J

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pandemic influenza A virus (IAV) remains a significant threat to global health. Preparedness relies primarily upon a single class of neuraminidase (NA) targeted antivirals, against which resistance is steadily growing. The M2 proton channel is an alternative clinically proven antiviral target, yet a near-ubiquitous S3...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Scott C,Kankanala J,Foster TL,Goldhill DH,Bao P,Simmons K,Pingen M,Bentham M,Atkins E,Loundras E,Elderfield R,Claridge JK,Thompson J,Stilwell PR,Tathineni R,McKimmie CS,Targett-Adams P,Schnell JR,Cook GP,Evans S,B

更新日期：2020-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Mosquito-borne alphaviruses such as chikungunya virus and Ross River virus (RRV) are emerging pathogens capable of causing large-scale epidemics of virus-induced arthritis and myositis. The pathology of RRV-induced disease in both humans and mice is associated with induction of the host inflammatory response within th...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Gunn BM,Morrison TE,Whitmore AC,Blevins LK,Hueston L,Fraser RJ,Herrero LJ,Ramirez R,Smith PN,Mahalingam S,Heise MT

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current understanding of adaptive immune, particularly T cell, responses to human rhinoviruses (RV) is limited. Memory T cells are thought to be of a primarily T helper 1 type, but both T helper 1 and T helper 2 memory cells have been described, and heightened T helper 2/ lessened T helper 1 responses have been associ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Glanville N,Peel TJ,Schröder A,Aniscenko J,Walton RP,Finotto S,Johnston SL

更新日期：2016-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies have identified a correlation between maternal helminth infections and reduced immunity to some early childhood vaccinations, but the cellular basis for this is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effects of maternal Schistosoma mansoni infection on steady-state offspring immunity, as ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Cortés-Selva D,Gibbs L,Ready A,Ekiz HA,O'Connell R,Rajwa B,Fairfax KC

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Production of concatemeric DNA is an essential step during HSV infection, as the packaging machinery must recognize longer-than-unit-length concatemers; however, the mechanism by which they are formed is poorly understood. Although it has been proposed that the viral genome circularizes and rolling circle replication ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Schumacher AJ,Mohni KN,Kan Y,Hendrickson EA,Stark JM,Weller SK

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extracellular bloodstream form parasite Trypanosoma brucei is supremely adapted to escape the host innate and adaptive immune system. Evasion is mediated through an antigenically variable Variant Surface Glycoprotein (VSG) coat, which is recycled at extraordinarily high rates. Blocking VSG synthesis triggers a pre...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Cheung JL,Wand NV,Ooi CP,Ridewood S,Wheeler RJ,Rudenko G

更新日期：2016-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpesviruses encode a characteristic serine protease with a unique fold and an active site that comprises the unusual triad Ser-His-His. The protease is essential for viral replication and as such constitutes a promising drug target. In solution, a dynamic equilibrium exists between an inactive monomeric and an activ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Zühlsdorf M,Werten S,Klupp BG,Palm GJ,Mettenleiter TC,Hinrichs W

更新日期：2015-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In addition to modulating the function and stability of cellular mRNAs, microRNAs can profoundly affect the life cycles of viruses bearing sequence complementary targets, a finding recently exploited to ameliorate toxicities of vaccines and oncolytic viruses. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying microRNA-mediated an...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Kelly EJ,Hadac EM,Cullen BR,Russell SJ

更新日期：2010-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the TRIpartite interaction Motif (TRIM) family of E3 ligases have been shown to exhibit antiviral activities. Here we report a near comprehensive screen for antiretroviral activities of 55 TRIM proteins (36 human, 19 mouse). We identified approximately 20 TRIM proteins that, when transiently expressed in HE...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Uchil PD,Quinlan BD,Chan WT,Luna JM,Mothes W

更新日期：2008-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The fate of HIV-infected cells after reversal of proviral latency is not well characterized. Simonetti, et al. recently showed that CD4+ T-cells containing intact proviruses can clonally expand in vivo and produce low-level infectious viremia. We hypothesized that reversal of HIV latency by activation of CD4+ T-cells ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Bui JK,Halvas EK,Fyne E,Sobolewski MD,Koontz D,Shao W,Luke B,Hong FF,Kearney MF,Mellors JW

更新日期：2017-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Many animal and plant viruses rely on vectors for their transmission from host to host. Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), a picorna-like virus from plants, is transmitted specifically by the ectoparasitic nematode Xiphinema index. The icosahedral capsid of GFLV, which consists of 60 identical coat protein subunits (CP),...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Schellenberger P,Sauter C,Lorber B,Bron P,Trapani S,Bergdoll M,Marmonier A,Schmitt-Keichinger C,Lemaire O,Demangeat G,Ritzenthaler C

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ronald Ross and George Macdonald are credited with developing a mathematical model of mosquito-borne pathogen transmission. A systematic historical review suggests that several mathematicians and scientists contributed to development of the Ross-Macdonald model over a period of 70 years. Ross developed two different m...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Smith DL,Battle KE,Hay SI,Barker CM,Scott TW,McKenzie FE

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is a potent amplifier of pro-inflammatory innate immune reactions. While TREM-1-amplified responses likely aid an improved detection and elimination of pathogens, excessive production of cytokines and oxygen radicals can also severely harm the host. Studies add...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Weber B,Schuster S,Zysset D,Rihs S,Dickgreber N,Schürch C,Riether C,Siegrist M,Schneider C,Pawelski H,Gurzeler U,Ziltener P,Genitsch V,Tacchini-Cottier F,Ochsenbein A,Hofstetter W,Kopf M,Kaufmann T,Oxenius A,Reith W

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure of the infectious prion protein (PrPSc), which is responsible for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans and bovine spongiform encephalopathy, has escaped all attempts at elucidation due to its insolubility and propensity to aggregate. PrPSc replicates by converting the non-infectious, cellular prion protei...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Vázquez-Fernández E,Vos MR,Afanasyev P,Cebey L,Sevillano AM,Vidal E,Rosa I,Renault L,Ramos A,Peters PJ,Fernández JJ,van Heel M,Young HS,Requena JR,Wille H

更新日期：2016-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Eliciting broad tier 2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) is a major goal of HIV-1 vaccine research. Here we investigated the ability of native, membrane-expressed JR-FL Env trimers to elicit nAbs. Unusually potent nAb titers developed in 2 of 8 rabbits immunized with virus-like particles (VLPs) expressing trimers (trimer...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Crooks ET,Tong T,Chakrabarti B,Narayan K,Georgiev IS,Menis S,Huang X,Kulp D,Osawa K,Muranaka J,Stewart-Jones G,Destefano J,O'Dell S,LaBranche C,Robinson JE,Montefiori DC,McKee K,Du SX,Doria-Rose N,Kwong PD,Mascola

更新日期：2015-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The life cycle of the mammalian pathogen Trypanosoma brucei involves commuting between two markedly different environments: the homeothermic mammalian host and the poikilothermic invertebrate vector. The ability to resist temperature and other stresses is essential for trypanosome survival. Trypanosome gene expression...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Minia I,Clayton C

更新日期：2016-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：:KSHV is the etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and a subset of multicentricCastleman's disease (MCD). The fact that KSHV-encoded miRNAs are readily detectable in all KSHV-associated tumors suggests a potential role in viral pathogenesis and tumorigenesis. MiRNA-mediated regula...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Haecker I,Gay LA,Yang Y,Hu J,Morse AM,McIntyre LM,Renne R

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transmission of prions between species is limited by the "species barrier," which hampers a full characterization of human prion strains in the mouse model. We report that the efficiency of primary transmission of prions from Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease patients to a wild rodent species, the bank vole (Clethrionomys gla...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Nonno R,Di Bari MA,Cardone F,Vaccari G,Fazzi P,Dell'Omo G,Cartoni C,Ingrosso L,Boyle A,Galeno R,Sbriccoli M,Lipp HP,Bruce M,Pocchiari M,Agrimi U

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular bacteria have evolved mechanisms that promote survival within hostile host environments, often resulting in functional dysregulation and disease. Using the Anaplasma phagocytophilum-infected granulocyte model, we establish a link between host chromatin modifications, defense gene transcription and intrac...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Garcia-Garcia JC,Barat NC,Trembley SJ,Dumler JS

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants are constantly exposed to a large and diverse array of microbes; however, most plants are immune to the majority of potential invaders and susceptible to only a small subset of pathogens. The cytoskeleton comprises a dynamic intracellular framework that responds rapidly to biotic stresses and supports numerous ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Henty-Ridilla JL,Shimono M,Li J,Chang JH,Day B,Staiger CJ

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gut microbiota facilitate many aspects of human health and development, but dysbiotic microbiota can promote hyperplasia and inflammation and contribute to human diseases such as cancer. Human patients infected with the gastric cancer-causing bacterium Helicobacter pylori have altered microbiota; however, whether dysb...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Jones TA,Hernandez DZ,Wong ZC,Wandler AM,Guillemin K

更新日期：2017-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:T-follicular helper (Tfh) cells, co-expressing PD-1 and TIGIT, serve as a major cell reservoir for HIV-1 and are responsible for active and persistent HIV-1 transcription after prolonged antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the precise mechanisms regulating HIV-1 transcription in lymph nodes (LNs) remain unclear. In...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Banga R,Rebecchini C,Procopio FA,Noto A,Munoz O,Ioannidou K,Fenwick C,Ohmiti K,Cavassini M,Corpataux JM,de Leval L,Pantaleo G,Perreau M

更新日期：2019-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell entry of many enveloped viruses occurs by engagement with cellular receptors, followed by internalization into endocytic compartments and pH-induced membrane fusion. A previously unnoticed step of receptor switching was found to be critical during cell entry of two devastating human pathogens: Ebola and Lassa vir...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Israeli H,Cohen-Dvashi H,Shulman A,Shimon A,Diskin R

更新日期：2017-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Astroviruses (AstVs) are positive sense, single-stranded RNA viruses transmitted to a wide range of hosts via the fecal-oral route. The number of AstV-infected animal hosts has rapidly expanded in recent years with many more likely to be discovered because of the advances in viral surveillance and next generation sequ...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Karlsson EA,Small CT,Freiden P,Feeroz MM,Matsen FA 4th,San S,Hasan MK,Wang D,Jones-Engel L,Schultz-Cherry S

更新日期：2015-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunocompromised individuals tend to suffer from influenza longer with more serious complications than otherwise healthy patients. Little is known about the impact of prolonged infection and the efficacy of antiviral therapy in these patients. Among all 189 influenza A virus infected immunocompromised patients admitt...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： van der Vries E,Stittelaar KJ,van Amerongen G,Veldhuis Kroeze EJ,de Waal L,Fraaij PL,Meesters RJ,Luider TM,van der Nagel B,Koch B,Vulto AG,Schutten M,Osterhaus AD

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The diversity of a highly variable RNA plant virus was considered to determine the range of virulence substitutions, the evolutionary pathways to virulence, and whether intraspecific diversity modulates virulence pathways and propensity. In all, 114 isolates representative of the genetic and geographic diversity of Ri...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Pinel-Galzi A,Rakotomalala M,Sangu E,Sorho F,Kanyeka Z,Traoré O,Sérémé D,Poulicard N,Rabenantoandro Y,Séré Y,Konaté G,Ghesquière A,Hébrard E,Fargette D

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trichothecenes are a family of terpenoid toxins produced by multiple genera of fungi, including plant and insect pathogens. Some trichothecenes produced by the fungus Fusarium are among the mycotoxins of greatest concern to food and feed safety because of their toxicity and frequent occurrence in cereal crops, and tri...

journal_title：PLoS pathogens

authors： Proctor RH,McCormick SP,Kim HS,Cardoza RE,Stanley AM,Lindo L,Kelly A,Brown DW,Lee T,Vaughan MM,Alexander NJ,Busman M,Gutiérrez S

更新日期：2018-04-12 00:00:00