Abstract:
:Microprocessor [Drosha-DGCR8 (DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8) complex] processing of primary microRNA (pri-miRNA) is the critical first step in miRNA biogenesis, but how the Drosha cleavage site is determined has been unclear. Previous models proposed that the Drosha-DGCR8 complex measures either ~22 nt from the upper stem-single-stranded RNA (ssRNA, terminal loop) junction or ~11 nt from the lower stem-ssRNA junction to determine the cleavage site. Here, using miRNA-offset RNAs to determine the Drosha cleavage site, we show that the Microprocessor measures the distances from both the lower and upper stem-ssRNA junctions to determine the cleavage site in human cells, and optimal distances from both structures are critical to the precision of Drosha processing. If the distances are not optimal, Drosha tends to cleave at multiple sites, which can, in turn, generate multiple 5' isomiRs. Thus, our results also reveal a mechanism of 5' isomiR generation.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Ma H,Wu Y,Choi JG,Wu Hdoi
10.1073/pnas.1311639110subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-12-17 00:00:00pages
20687-92issue
51eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
1311639110journal_volume
110pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A site has been found that is required for repression of the Escherichia coli araBAD operon. This site was detected by the in vivo properties of deletion mutants. In vitro protection studies with DNase I and dimethylsulfate showed that araC protein can specifically bind in this area to nucleotides lying at position -2...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.16.5017
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::CHD7 encodes an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factor. Mutation of this gene causes multiple developmental disorders, including CHARGE (Coloboma of the eye, Heart defects, Atresia of the choanae, Retardation of growth/development, Genital abnormalities, and Ear anomalies) syndrome, in which conotruncal anomalies a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2005222117
更新日期:2020-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::The gene for the RNA-dependent eIF-2 alpha protein kinase (PKR) was isolated from mouse genomic DNA and characterized. The mouse PKR gene contains 16 exons and spans about 28 kilobase pairs. Exon 1 is untranslated; the AUG translation initiation site is located early in the second exon. Exon 16 includes the UAG transl...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.17.7995
更新日期:1994-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::A high proportion of lymphocytes from F/St mice produce infectious xenotropic murine leukemia virus (X-MuLV) and express high levels of cell surface antigens, termed XenCSA, related to the major glycoprotein of X-MuLV. In crosses of F/St with AKR, the high-virus phenotype of F/St was found to be recessive and was show...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.2.505
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inorganic elements, although required only in trace amounts, permit life and primary productivity because of their functions in catalysis. Every organism has a minimal requirement of each metal based on the intracellular abundance of proteins that use inorganic cofactors, but elemental sparing mechanisms can reduce th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1422492112
更新日期:2015-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::When treated with heat-killed bacterial cells, mosquito cells in culture respond by up-regulating several proteins. Among these is a 66-kDa protein (p66) that is secreted from cells derived from both Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. p66 was degraded by proteolysis and gave a virtually identical pattern of peptide p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.23.12337
更新日期:1997-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::The vertical occipital fasciculus (VOF) is the only major fiber bundle connecting dorsolateral and ventrolateral visual cortex. Only a handful of studies have examined the anatomy of the VOF or its role in cognition in the living human brain. Here, we trace the contentious history of the VOF, beginning with its origin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1418503111
更新日期:2014-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::Do negative feelings in general trigger addictive behavior, or do specific emotions play a stronger role? Testing these alternative accounts of emotion and decision making, we drew on the Appraisal Tendency Framework to predict that sadness, specifically, rather than negative mood, generally, would 1) increase craving...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1909888116
更新日期:2020-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::The p21 RAS subfamily of small GTPases, including KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS, regulates cell proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, and other signaling networks, and is the most frequent target of activating mutations in cancer. Activating germline mutations of KRAS and HRAS cause severe developmental abnormalities leadi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0702975104
更新日期:2007-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::We present a proposition, the "poly(L-alanine) hypothesis," which asserts that the native backbone geometry for any polypeptide or protein of M residues has a closely mimicking, mechanically stable, image in poly(L-alanine) of the same number of residues. Using a molecular mechanics force field to represent the releva...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.23.11513
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::PSD-95 is a scaffolding protein that regulates the synaptic localization of many receptors, channels, and signaling proteins. The NLGN gene family encodes single-pass transmembrane postsynaptic cell adhesion molecules that are important for synapse assembly and function. At excitatory synapses, NLGN1 mediates transsyn...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1821775116
更新日期:2019-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::The time course of thermal reactions after illumination of 100% humidified bacteriorhodopsin films was followed with FTIR spectroscopy between 125 and 195 K. We monitored the conversion of the initial photoproduct, K, to the next, L intermediate, and a shunt reaction of the L state directly back to the initial BR stat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0703859104
更新日期:2007-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Temperature lability of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP; glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase; ADP: alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.27), a key starch biosynthetic enzyme, may play a significant role in the heat-induced loss in maize seed weight and yield. Here we report the isolation an...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.22.13342
更新日期:1998-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Amber suppressor tRNA genes were constructed by site-specific mutagenesis of the anticodons of human lysine-inserting tRNA (tRNA(Lys)) and glutamine-inserting tRNA (tRNA(Gln)) genes, and a Xenopus laevis tyrosine-inserting tRNA (tRNA(Tyr)) gene. As previous in vitro studies in prokaryotes have shown that substitution ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.8.2185
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The decrease with age of the adrenal-secreted dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) in serum has suggested that it may be causally related to longevity. For the PAQUID [People (Personnes) Aged (Agées) About What (Quid, in Latin)] cohort of elderly subjects, we have previously reported higher DHEAS in men than in wome...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.121177998
更新日期:2001-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::A whole-genome admixture scan in 1,597 African Americans identified a 3.8 Mb interval on chromosome 8q24 as significantly associated with susceptibility to prostate cancer [logarithm of odds (LOD) = 7.1]. The increased risk because of inheriting African ancestry is greater in men diagnosed before 72 years of age (P < ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0605832103
更新日期:2006-09-19 00:00:00
abstract::We present here a brief review of direct force measurements between hydrophobic surfaces in aqueous solutions. For almost 70 years, researchers have attempted to understand the hydrophobic effect (the low solubility of hydrophobic solutes in water) and the hydrophobic interaction or force (the unusually strong attract...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0606422103
更新日期:2006-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Experimentally, protein engineering and phi-value analysis is the method of choice to characterize the structure in folding transition state ensemble (TSE) of any protein. Combining experimental phi values and computer simulations has led to a deeper understanding of how proteins fold. In this report, we construct the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.241378398
更新日期:2001-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::The plasma concentration of the major vitamin D metabolites; 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were measured during pregnancy and lactation in the adult female rat. The concentrations of these metabolites were also measured in rat pups during lactation and after weaning. The pl...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.11.5549
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rat brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) gene consists of four 5' exons linked to separate promoters and one 3' exon encoding the prepro-BDNF protein. To gain insights into the regulation of BDNF mRNA expression, probes specific for the different 5' exons were used to study the expression of BDNF mRNA in the br...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.19.8802
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rice Dwarf 1 gene was identified by using a map-based cloning strategy. Its recessive mutant allele confers a dwarf phenotype. Linkage analysis revealed that a cDNA encoding the alpha-subunit of GTP-binding protein cosegregated with d1 in 3,185 d1 segregants. Southern hybridization analysis with this cDNA as a probe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.18.10284
更新日期:1999-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::The interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor (IL-2R) is a multisubunit receptor that includes three major IL-2 binding subunits, the IL-2R alpha, beta, and gamma chains. We have detected and analyzed cooperative interactions between the IL-2R alpha and beta chains (IL-2R alpha and IL-2R beta, respectively) in COS cells transfect...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.8.3344
更新日期:1994-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::Human X chromosome DNA was partially purified from a mouse-human hybrid cell line containing a single human chromosome, the X. Enrichment of such DNA was accomplished by two sequential reassociations of radiolabeled hybrid cell DNA with large excesses of mouse DNA. Unreassociated hybrid cell DNA was used as a probe fo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.12.6525
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A protein methylation reaction involved in chemotaxis of Escherichia coli has been identified. The involvement of this reaction in chemotaxis in indicated by four lines of evidence. (a) The methylation reaction is altered in several classes of generally nonchemotactic mutants and is coreverted with the chemotaxis defe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.10.3939
更新日期:1975-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The colligative properties of ATP and catecholamines demonstrated in vitro are thought to be responsible for the extraordinary accumulation of solutes inside chromaffin cell secretory vesicles, although this has yet to be demonstrated in living cells. Because functional cells cannot be deprived of ATP, we have knocked...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1600690113
更新日期:2016-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::We report the discovery in Lake Cuitzeo in central Mexico of a black, carbon-rich, lacustrine layer, containing nanodiamonds, microspherules, and other unusual materials that date to the early Younger Dryas and are interpreted to result from an extraterrestrial impact. These proxies were found in a 27-m-long core as p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1110614109
更新日期:2012-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Reversible photoswitching of individual molecules has been demonstrated for a number of mutants of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). To date, however, a limited number of switching events with slow response to light have been achieved at the single-molecule level. Here, we report reversible photoswitching character...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0500489102
更新日期:2005-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::In the presence of N(alpha),N(epsilon)-diacetyl-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala as donor, and either D-[(14)C]alanine, [(14)C]-glycine, or meso-[(3)H]diaminopimelic acid as acceptor, the DD carboxypeptidases from Streptomyces R61 and R39 catalyze a transpeptidation reaction with the release of terminal D-alanine from the donor and ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.3.662
更新日期:1972-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A detailed model of the G(2) DNA damage checkpoint (G2DDC) system is presented that includes complex regulatory networks of the mitotic kinase Cdc2, phosphatase Cdc25, Wee1 kinase, and damage signal transduction pathways involving Chk1 and p53. Assumptions on the kinetic equations of the G2DDC are made, and computer s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.20.11352
更新日期:1999-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::In the prostate gland of adult mammals, most epithelial cells are in a state of proliferative quiescence. Androgens regulate this effect by inducing cell cycle arrest in the G(0)/G(1) phase. Potential mediators of this androgen-induced proliferative shutoff were identified by means of subtracted cDNA libraries. The ex...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.18.10185
更新日期:2000-08-29 00:00:00