Abstract：
:Increased vascular permeability, one of the characteristic features of immediate hypersensitivity (Type I), is mediated through a variety of compounds, including histamine and platelet-activating factor (PAF), a phospholipid inflammatory mediator. The effects on vascular permeability of histamine, PAF, and ethanol, the solvent for PAF, were compared in the guinea pig conjunctiva. Permeability at 30 min was investigated by evaluation of conjunctival edema and Evans blue extravasation (clinically estimated and colorimetrically measured). Doses of PAF from 1 to 10 nmol produced an increase in vascular permeability, with a peak effect at 10 nmol. Ethanol had no effect on vascular permeability below 40 X 10(3) nmol; above this concentration, however, permeability increased, reaching a maximum at 175 X 10(3) nmol. At low doses of PAF and ethanol, the effects were additive, whereas at 20-80 nmol of PAF with high concentrations of ethanol there was no additive effect of PAF, producing a decrease in the net effect of PAF. Histamine increased vascular permeability, with a minimum effect at 10 nmol and a maximum effect at 450 nmol. The slopes of the dose-response curves for all three compounds were linear and parallel, with statistically different potencies. The potencies for each compound were identical by all three methods of evaluation. Therefore, we conclude that PAF is a potential mediator in hypersensitivity reaction in the guinea pig conjunctiva, and that its effect is similar to but much more potent than that of histamine or ethanol. Since ethanol alone has a significant effect on vascular permeability, studies on PAF effects using control solutions without ethanol may be difficult to interpret.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Stock EL,Roth SI,Kim ED,Walsh MK,Thamman Rsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-05-01 00:00:00pages
987-92issue
5eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Docosapentaenoic acid (22:5 omega 6), a minor constituent (less than 4%) of photoreceptor outer segment membranes in all vertebrate species examined to date, comprises 23% of the fatty acids in total lipids from rabbit outer segment membranes. This fatty acid is a significant constituent of each of the three major pho...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Rabbits are commonly used for the evaluation of drugs and surgery to lower intraocular pressure (IOP). The accuracy of intraocular pressure measurement is therefore critical in the analysis of data and subsequent extrapolation to humans. The purpose of this study was to establish the most reliable technique, fr...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.04-0610
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To characterize the molecular properties, cellular distribution, and subcellular distribution of bovine rom-1 and its interaction with peripherin/rds in photoreceptor cells as an important step toward elucidating the role of rom-1 in photoreceptor outer segment structure-function relationships and in inherited ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The inherited early-onset macular degenerative disease known as malattia leventinese (ML) and Doyne honeycomb retinal dystrophy (DHRD) have been linked to a missense mutation leading to production of a mutant fibulin-3 protein (R345W). R345W is poorly secreted and accumulates in the RPE of ML/DHRD retinas. Accu...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.05-0070
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:In corneal endothelial cells, intercellular Ca(2+) waves elicited by a mechanical stimulus involve paracrine intercellular communication, mediated by ATP release via connexin hemichannels, as well as gap junctional intercellular communication. Both mechanisms are inhibited by thrombin, which activates RhoA and ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.06-1062
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:RPE65-associated Leber congenital amaurosis (RPE65-LCA) is a progressive severe retinal dystrophy with early profound dysfunction of rod photoreceptors followed by progressive cone photoreceptor degeneration. We aim to provide detailed information about how cone dysfunction affects color discrimination. Method...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.17-22905
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate morphological characteristics of optic nerve head and peripapillary region with myopia and glaucoma. METHODS:Ten normal and 17 glaucomatous myopic participants were imaged with a custom 1060-nm swept-source optical coherence tomography system. The three-dimensional images were processed and segm...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-14227
更新日期：2014-06-03 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the utility of baseline Stratus optical coherence tomography (OCT; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) normative classification in the prediction of future visual field (VF) loss. METHODS:Eighty-eight eyes with suspected glaucoma with abnormal RNFL classification by Str...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.10-6246
更新日期：2011-04-22 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Invasion of tumor cells into blood vessels is essential for metastasis of uveal melanoma. The occurrence of ingrowth of tumor cells in blood vessels in uveal melanoma was analyzed, and this parameter was compared with the survival of the patients. METHODS:Between 1972 and 2007, 643 eyes primarily enucleated fo...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.09-3824
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of visual impairment in developed countries. While DR has been described classically as a microvascular disease, recent evidence suggests that changes to retinal microglia are an early feature of retinopathy. In our study, we assessed changes in microglial distribution...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.12-10876
更新日期：2013-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the immunosuppressive and antiangiogenic activities of an intraocular rapamycin (RAPA) drug delivery system (DDS) in a rabbit model of high-risk penetrating keratoplasty. METHODS:Forty New Zealand White rabbits with corneal neovascularization underwent allograft cornea transplantation and were rand...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.05-1425
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Horseradish peroxidase has been injected into the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of macaque monkeys to label ganglion cells of the retina by retrograde axoplasmic transport. Displaced ganglion cells, with somata in the inner nuclear layer and dendrites in the inner plexiform layer, were detected by virtue of their ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chloroquine was administered intramuscularly 5 days a week to rhesus monkeys for as long as 4 1/2 years. No clinical, fluorescein angiographic, or electrophysiological evidence of retinal damage was observed. Yet chloroquine/chloroquine byproduct analysis of the ocular tissues revealed an enormous binding capacity of ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors have put quantitation of human lens fluorescence on a rational basis by using the accompanying Raman signal from lens protein as a normalization factor. The intensity ratio, Fluorescence/Raman (F/R), may be used to compare lenses of different ages when the exciting wavelength is long enough to give a measu...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Weak eye muscles can cause ophthalmic disorders, and in particular, strabismus. Exogenous trophic factors such as cardiotrophin (CT)-1 and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) have been shown to increase the contractile force of adult heart and skeletal muscles, respectively. In the current study, the effects of en...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.04-0393
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the earliest changes that occur in the retina after the onset of ectopic expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by photoreceptors in transgenic mice, to characterize the development of neovascularization (NV), and to determine the feasibility of using these mice to test the efficac...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate whether β-zone parapapillary atrophy (PPA) is associated with the rate of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness change as assessed by trend-based analysis using time-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS:This retrospective cohort study included 202 glaucomatous eyes that were obse...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.10-6818
更新日期：2011-06-22 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) deficiency on the development of herpes stromal keratitis and on the von Szily model of herpes retinitis in C57BL/6 mice, which are ordinarily resistant to development of both of these herpetic diseases. METHODS:Anterior chamber inoculation of the right ey...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To describe the prevalence of AMD in an elderly urban Chinese population in China. METHODS:A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted using a cluster random sample of residents aged 50 years or older living in the Jiangning Road Subdistrict, Jing'an District, Shanghai, China. All participants unde...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-14899
更新日期：2014-09-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Q-switched neodymium-YAG (infrared) laser lesions at energies up to and including retinal hemorrhages were placed under visual control in the parafovea and the fovea of anesthetized monkeys. Visual-evoked potential (VEP) data were obtained by parallel analog (vector voltmeter) techniques from scalp electrodes in respo...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the ocular complications of intravitreal injection of high dose bevacizumab in monkey eyes. METHODS:Four healthy monkeys (Macaca fuscata) received an intravitreal injection of either 6.25 or 12.5 mg bevacizumab in the right eye; the left control eye received an intravitreal injection of the same vo...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.07-1542
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One hypothesized cause of low-tension glaucoma is chronic or intermittent ischemia of the optic nerve. Since the optic nerve and brain are both parts of the central nervous system and share a common blood supply, the authors wondered if patients with low-tension glaucoma might also have clinical or radiographic eviden...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a common cause of infectious uveitis associated with an intraocular inflammatory response involving virus-specific T cells. In the current study, the functional characteristics and the antigen specificity of VZV-reactive T cells recovered from intraocular fluid (IOF) samples of f...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.07-0020
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) delivered over a period of up to 2 years by an intraocular encapsulated cell technology (ECT) implant in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and geographic atrophy (GA). METHODS:Patients from phase 1 RP (CNTF1); phase 2 GA (CNTF2); and ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1167/iovs.12-9970
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Greene's melanomas, implanted in the anterior chamber of 31 eyes of 19 Dutch rabbits, were treated with hyperthermia induced by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). The percentage necrosis 24 hr after treatment (N) as a function of steady-state intratumor temperature (T) could be described with N(T) = -181.5 + 4....
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) is essential for photoreceptor outer segment formation and maintenance, as well as for opsin trafficking. However, the role of retrograde IFT in vertebrate photoreceptors remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate zebrafish photoreceptors lacking the re...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.09-3828
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To investigate the topographic changes of the dark-adapted multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) across adulthood in the central retina and compare the topography between macular versus extramacular, nasal versus temporal, and inferior versus superior retinal areas. Methods:Sixty-five subjects (18-88 years) rec...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.16-20953
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the possibility that ocular surface epithelial cells might be grown in culture for use as grafts. METHODS:The proliferative capacity of epithelial cells cultured from the conjunctiva, limbus, and central cornea of normal human eyes was compared. Single cells disaggregated from approximately 1 mm2 bi...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The microvascular permeability response of the guinea pig conjunctiva to sulfidopeptide leukotrienes (LTs) was quantified as extravasation of radiolabeled bovine serum albumin. The LTs were potent inducers of increased microvascular permeability, with relative potencies LTE4 greater than or equal to LTD4 greater than ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advanced macular degeneration is an important cause of vision loss in the United States with over 2 million people affected by the disease. Despite substantial progress in the development of new therapies for wet AMD, the severe visual impairment associated with geographic atrophy in dry AMD or Stargardt disease remai...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1167/iovs.15-18681
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
