Interferon-γ mediates chemokine-dependent recruitment of natural killer cells during viral infection.

abstract：:We have grown crystals of a soluble recombinant form of human CD4, a transmembrane glycoprotein found predominantly on the surface of helper T cells. Crystals composed of the entire extracellular portion of CD4 exhibit extensive polymorphism. Of the five crystal types that have been grown, the best diffracts to Bragg ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kwong PD,Ryu SE,Hendrickson WA,Axel R,Sweet RM,Folena-Wasserman G,Hensley P,Sweet RW

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proofreading mechanisms increase specificity in biochemical reactions by allowing for the dissociation of intermediate complexes. These mechanisms disrupt and reset the reaction to undo errors at the cost of increased time of reaction and free energy expenditure. Here, we draw an analogy between proofreading and micro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Murugan A,Huse DA,Leibler S

更新日期：2012-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated three classes of monoclonal antibodies against Drosophila cell-surface antigens that are expressed with positional specificity in imaginal discs. Comparison of immunofluorescence patterns with the wing-disc fate map reveals that expression of the antigens is not directly related to the specific type o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brower DL,Wilcox M,Piovant M,Smith RJ,Reger LA

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nerve growth factor (NGF) serum levels were measured in 49 patients with asthma and/or rhinoconjunctivitis and/or urticaria-angioedema. Clinical and biochemical parameters, such as bronchial reactivity, total and specific serum IgE levels, and circulating eosinophil cationic protein levels, were evaluated in relation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bonini S,Lambiase A,Bonini S,Angelucci F,Magrini L,Manni L,Aloe L

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parinaric acid (9,11,13,15-octadecatetraenoic acid), a conjugated tetraene fatty acid, undergoes a second-order photochemical reaction in phospholipid bilayers. The reaction results in the loss of the characteristic absorption of this chromophore and the development of new absorption demonstrating the presence of a tr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morgan CG,Hudson B,Wolber PK

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Archaeological evidence indicates that pig domestication had begun by ∼10,500 y before the present (BP) in the Near East, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) suggests that pigs arrived in Europe alongside farmers ∼8,500 y BP. A few thousand years after the introduction of Near Eastern pigs into Europe, however, their charac...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Frantz LAF,Haile J,Lin AT,Scheu A,Geörg C,Benecke N,Alexander M,Linderholm A,Mullin VE,Daly KG,Battista VM,Price M,Gron KJ,Alexandri P,Arbogast RM,Arbuckle B,Bӑlӑşescu A,Barnett R,Bartosiewicz L,Baryshnikov G,Bons

更新日期：2019-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular beacons are FRET-based target-activatable probes. They offer control of fluorescence emission in response to specific cancer targets, thus are useful tools for in vivo cancer imaging. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a cell-killing process by light activation of a photosensitizer (PS) in the presence of oxygen....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zheng G,Chen J,Stefflova K,Jarvi M,Li H,Wilson BC

更新日期：2007-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:A recently described experimental system for analyzing the mode of action of a morphogen gradient involves the in situ hybridization of sectioned tissue constructs. In these constructs, a source of activin signaling induces the transcription of several mesodermal genes in blastula animal caps, according to the positio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gurdon JB,Mitchell A,Ryan K

更新日期：1996-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by cognitive decline, has emerged as a disease of synaptic failure. The present study reveals an unanticipated role of erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular A4 (EphA4) in mediating hippocampal synaptic dysfunctions in AD and demonstrates that blockade of the ligand-binding dom...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fu AK,Hung KW,Huang H,Gu S,Shen Y,Cheng EY,Ip FC,Huang X,Fu WY,Ip NY

更新日期：2014-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:In eukaryotes, ubiquitination is an important posttranslational process achieved through a cascade of ubiquitin-activating (E1), conjugating (E2), and ligase (E3) enzymes. Many pathogenic bacteria deliver virulence factors into the host cell that function as E3 ligases. How these bacterial "Trojan horses" integrate in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lin DY,Diao J,Chen J

更新日期：2012-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The recombinant plasmid p102 based on pBR322 carrying approximately equal to 50% of the replicator proximal early region of simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA, including the viral origin of replication, has been constructed. It lacks a major part of the large tumor (T) antigen 3'-coding region, the T-antigen termination codon...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Horst J,Weckler C,Jacob E,Aulehla-Scholz C,Deppert W

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The homeostatic maintenance of the genomic DNA is crucial for regulating aging processes. However, the role of RNA homeostasis in aging processes remains unknown. RNA helicases are a large family of enzymes that regulate the biogenesis and homeostasis of RNA. However, the functional significance of RNA helicases in ag...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seo M,Seo K,Hwang W,Koo HJ,Hahm JH,Yang JS,Han SK,Hwang D,Kim S,Jang SK,Lee Y,Nam HG,Lee SJ

更新日期：2015-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluxes of arginine and citrulline through plasma and the rate of conversion of labeled citrulline to arginine were estimated in two pilot studies (with a total of six adult subjects) and in a dietary study with five healthy young men. These latter subjects received an L-amino acid-based diet that was arginine-rich...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Castillo L,Chapman TE,Sanchez M,Yu YM,Burke JF,Ajami AM,Vogt J,Young VR

更新日期：1993-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence for hydrogen bonding between 5'-ribonucleotides in water has been obtained from a 220-MHz proton magnetic resonance study of nitrogenous protons. The amino groups of GMP, AMP, and CMP exhibit proton resonance lines which are somewhat broadened by proton exchange with the solvent at 0 degrees ; their downfield...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Raszka M,Kaplan NO

更新日期：1972-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A molecular dynamics study was performed to compare the differences in the active-site dynamics of the wild-type and W137F mutant enzymes of 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA dehalogenase. Only in the wild-type simulation are conformations formed between the catalytic Asp-145 and 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA, which resemble the ab initio ca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lau EY,Bruice TC

更新日期：2001-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe an algorithm to compute trisections of orientable four-manifolds using arbitrary triangulations as input. This results in explicit complexity bounds for the trisection genus of a 4-manifold in terms of the number of pentachora (4-simplices) in a triangulation. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bell M,Hass J,Rubinstein JH,Tillmann S

更新日期：2018-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D) are believed to be the result in part of inefficient negative selection of self-specific thymocytes. However, the events regulating thymic negative selection are not fully understood. In the current study, we demonstrate that nonobese diabetic (NOD) mic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wallet MA,Flores RR,Wang Y,Yi Z,Kroger CJ,Mathews CE,Earp HS,Matsushima G,Wang B,Tisch R

更新日期：2009-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurofibrillary tangles are one of two lesions found in the brain of Alzheimer disease victims. With synthetic peptide fragments of human neurofilament NF-M17 (Glu-Glu-Lys-Gly-Lys-Ser-Pro- Val-Pro-Lys-Ser-Pro-Val-Glu-Glu-Lys-Gly, phosphorylated and unphosphorylated), CD studies were done to examine the effect of sodiu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fasman GD,Moore CD

更新日期：1994-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous experiments have demonstrated that the human beta-globin gene is correctly regulated in transgenic mice. The beta-globin gene is not expressed in yolk sac-derived erythroid cells in early embryonic development but is expressed concomitantly with the adult mouse beta-globin genes in 14- to 16-day fetal liver a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Behringer RR,Hammer RE,Brinster RL,Palmiter RD,Townes TM

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preaxial polydactyly (PPD) is a common limb malformation in human. A number of polydactylous mouse mutants indicate that misexpression of Shh is a common requirement for generating extra digits. Here we identify a translocation breakpoint in a PPD patient and a transgenic insertion site in the polydactylous mouse muta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lettice LA,Horikoshi T,Heaney SJ,van Baren MJ,van der Linde HC,Breedveld GJ,Joosse M,Akarsu N,Oostra BA,Endo N,Shibata M,Suzuki M,Takahashi E,Shinka T,Nakahori Y,Ayusawa D,Nakabayashi K,Scherer SW,Heutink P,Hill RE

更新日期：2002-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic studies in mice suggest that Wnt4 signaling antagonizes expression of male hormones and effectively blocks male development in the female embryo. We recently identified an XY intersex patient carrying a chromosomal duplication of the WNT4 locus and proposed that this patient's feminization arises from an incre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jordan BK,Shen JH,Olaso R,Ingraham HA,Vilain E

更新日期：2003-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The homogeneous exchange process whereby IgG molecules adsorbed onto latex particles are replaced by IgG molecules from the bulk solution was studied by means of 125I radiolabeling. The exchange mechanism was investigated on surfaces saturated with either labeled or unlabeled proteins in the presence of a solution of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ball V,Huetz P,Elaissari A,Cazenave JP,Voegel JC,Schaaf P

更新日期：1994-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila melanogaster Polo kinase physically interacts with, and is repressed by, the Matrimony (Mtrm) protein during oogenesis. Females heterozygous for a deletion of the mtrm gene display defects in chromosome segregation at meiosis I. However, a complete absence of Mtrm results in both meiotic catastrophe and fem...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bonner AM,Hughes SE,Chisholm JA,Smith SK,Slaughter BD,Unruh JR,Collins KA,Friederichs JM,Florens L,Swanson SK,Pelot MC,Miller DE,Washburn MP,Jaspersen SL,Hawley RS

更新日期：2013-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism of the proline-catalyzed aldol reaction has stimulated considerable debate, and despite limited experimental data, at least five different mechanisms have been proposed. Complementary to recent theoretical studies we have initiated an experimental program with the goal of clarifying some of the basic mec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： List B,Hoang L,Martin HJ

更新日期：2004-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligomerization plays a critical role in shaping the light-harvesting properties of many photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes, but a detailed understanding of this process at the level of individual pigments is still lacking. To study the effects of oligomerization, we designed a single-molecule approach to probe ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Q,Moerner WE

更新日期：2015-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuropathy target esterase (NTE) is a neuronal membrane protein originally identified for its property to be modified by organo-phosphates (OPs), which in humans cause neuropathy characterized by axonal degeneration. Drosophila mutants for the homolog gene of NTE, swisscheese (sws), indicated a possible involvement of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Akassoglou K,Malester B,Xu J,Tessarollo L,Rosenbluth J,Chao MV

更新日期：2004-04-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Using data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey, we determined that most neotropical migrant bird species that breed in forests of the eastern United States and Canada have recently (1978-1987) declined in abundance after a period of stable or increasing populations. Most permanent residents and temperate-zone...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Robbins CS,Sauer JR,Greenberg RS,Droege S

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally accepted that healthy cells degrade their own mitochondria. Here, we report that retinal ganglion cell axons of WT mice shed mitochondria at the optic nerve head (ONH), and that these mitochondria are internalized and degraded by adjacent astrocytes. EM demonstrates that mitochondria are shed through f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Davis CH,Kim KY,Bushong EA,Mills EA,Boassa D,Shih T,Kinebuchi M,Phan S,Zhou Y,Bihlmeyer NA,Nguyen JV,Jin Y,Ellisman MH,Marsh-Armstrong N

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The usual bias in earthquake catalogs against shocks of small magnitudes can be removed by testing the randomness of the magnitudes of successive shocks. The southern California catalog, 1933-1967, is found to be unbiased in the sense of the test at magnitude 4 or above; the cutoff is improved to M = 3 for the subcata...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knopoff L,Gardner JK

更新日期：1969-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For centuries, traditional agricultural systems have contributed to food and livelihood security throughout the world. Recognizing the ecological legacy in the traditional agricultural systems may help us develop novel sustainable agriculture. We examine how rice-fish coculture (RF), which has been designated a "globa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xie J,Hu L,Tang J,Wu X,Li N,Yuan Y,Yang H,Zhang J,Luo S,Chen X

更新日期：2011-12-13 00:00:00