Abstract:
:The development of HIV-1 integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) has been a major therapeutic breakthrough in the management of HIV-1 infection. The first HIV-1 integrase inhibitor, raltegravir, was licensed in 2007 and was subsequently approved for use in treatment-naive patients. Since then, newer members of the INSTI class have been developed, including elvitegravir (EVG), which is in advanced clinical development and is being developed for use in both treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients. EVG utilizes pharmacokinetic boosting to achieve adequate serum levels with once-daily dosing. Boosting agents with which it is being studied include ritonavir and cobicistat. In addition, EVG is being studied as a once-daily INSTI in a coformulated fixed-dose combination pill with the agents tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, emtricitabine and cobicistat (QUAD pill), which has the additional potential benefit of convenient once-daily dosing. The in vitro activity, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, results of Phase I-III clinical trials, resistance profile and drug-drug interactions of EVG will be reviewed in this article.
journal_name
Expert Rev Anti Infect Therjournal_title
Expert review of anti-infective therapyauthors
Lampiris HWdoi
10.1586/eri.11.157subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-01-01 00:00:00pages
13-20issue
1eissn
1478-7210issn
1744-8336journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::As the result of improved bacteriological techniques, Kingella kingae is emerging as an important cause of infections of the skeletal system in children younger than 2 years of age. This review details the bacteriological features and detection methods of this pathogen, as well as the epidemiology, clinical presentati...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14789072.2.5.787
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Late presentation of HIV is common and is associated with several adverse outcomes including an increased risk of clinical progression, blunted immune recovery on highly active antiretroviral therapy and a greater risk of drug toxicity. Late presenters may have higher rates of poor adherence, exacerbated by the same f...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eri.11.106
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fixed dose combination of abacavir with lamivudine represents a new treatment option for patients infected with HIV. Fixed dose combination abacavir/lamivudine has the convenience of one pill and once-daily dosing. It achieves comparable suppression of plasma HIV RNA with the pill's individual components dosed twi...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14787210.3.6.871
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:COVID-19 disease progresses through a number of distinct phases. The management of each phase is unique and specific. The pulmonary phase of COVID-19 is characterized by an organizing pneumonia with profound immune dysregulation, activation of clotting, and a severe microvascular injury culminating in seve...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14787210.2020.1808462
更新日期:2020-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Use of nonsystemic antimicrobials with activity against enteropathogens is a promising approach for treatment of infectious diarrhea and other nonsystemic gastrointestinal infections. Rifaximin is approved by the US FDA for the treatment of travelers' diarrhea caused by noninvasive strains of Escherichia coli in patie...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/eri.10.58
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Telaprevir is an NS3/4A protease inhibitor that has recently received US FDA approval for the treatment of chronic HCV infection. Telaprevir is given in combination with peg-IFN-α and ribavirin and is indicated for both treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with genotype 1 infection. Along with the other ...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eri.11.133
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has brought aminoglycosides to the frontline since an aminoglycoside may be the only antimicrobial to which CRE isolates show in vitro susceptibility. The appropriateness of aminoglycoside-based therapies for severe infections by CRE is discuss...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14787210.2017.1316193
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although efforts to combat the HIV epidemic have focused on the perinatal reduction of HIV transmission, many children are still being infected with HIV in resource-limited settings. Access to HIV care, cotrimoxazole and antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-infected children has greatly improved in recent years, and h...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14787210.6.2.181
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ebola and Marburg viruses are emerging/re-emerging pathogens that pose a significant threat to human health. These naturally occurring viral infections frequently cause a lethal hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates. The disastrous consequences of infection with these viruses have been pursued as potential...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14787210.4.1.67
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rodent-borne hantaviruses (family Bunyaviridae, genus Hantavirus) cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the Americas and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Europe and Asia. The viruses are transmitted to humans mainly by inhalation of virus-contaminated aerosols of rodent excreta and secreta. Classic clinical h...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14787210.2015.1047825
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) reduce influenza symptoms but clear evidence of relationships between viral titer reduction and symptom alleviation is lacking. This open-label, randomized study evaluated differences in viral dynamics between NAIs, and relationships between viral dynamics and influenza sympto...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/14787210.2018.1421945
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vicious cycle is that hyperglycemia (≥11.1 mmol/l) or other diabetes-associated factors facilitate or worsen the development of infections and vice versa, the infections deteriorate the glycemic control of the patients. Diabetic patients are prone to some infections, infection recurrences and poor outcomes. Immuno...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eri.13.19
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lopinavir is a protease inhibitor (PI) for the treatment of HIV infection that was specifically designed to overcome the shortcomings of earlier agents in this class. It is the only PI coformulated with ritonavir, whose pharmacological boosting effect results in a highly potent, well-tolerated, clinically effective an...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14787210.5.1.13
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Herpes zoster (HZ) or shingles occurs as a result of reactivation after a primary infection with varicella zoster virus (chickenpox). The burden of HZ in older adults in China is not well understood. We conducted a systematic literature review to understand the burden of disease related to HZ, its complica...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14787210.2020.1792290
更新日期:2020-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Tinidazole has been used for bacterial vaginosis (BV) outside the USA for almost four decades. Tinidazole has recently been resurrected and FDA approved for trichomoniasis and BV in the USA and is being restudied as an alternative to metronidazole for BV. In vitro antimicrobial activity and pharmacokinetics studies in...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14787210.5.3.343
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Drug-resistant tuberculous meningitis has been reported worldwide. Isoniazid mono-resistance is the most frequent cause of drug-resistant tuberculous meningitis, a life-threatening disease. Extensive drug-resistant tuberculous meningitis has also been reported in some isolated case reports. Areas covered: ...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14787210.2018.1540930
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurocysticercosis is a major cause of neurologic disease worldwide. In India and other developing countries, single small enhancing computed tomographic lesions representing solitary cysticercus granuloma are a common cause of new-onset seizures. The interesting feature of these solitary enhancing lesions is their sp...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14787210.6.1.15
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively-drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-negative bacteria have emerged as a major threat to human health globally. This has resulted in the 're-discovery' of some older antimicrobials and development of new agents, however resistance has also rapidly emerged to these agents. Are...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14787210.2018.1453807
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reviews the epidemiology, natural history and the current status of treatment of HIV/hepatitis B coinfection. ...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14787210.3.2.229
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pertussis is a serious respiratory disease in infants that can also affect children and adults. Vaccination against pertussis was introduced in the 1950s and in the 1990s a resurgence of pertussis was observed worldwide. The aim of this work is to summarize the recent data concerning pertussis disease in different cou...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14787210.2014.948846
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis (TB) is mainly an intracellular infection of the lung alveolar macrophages, and any anti-TB agent must therefore be active at the macrophage. Among the available therapies, isoniazid and rifampicin are the most effective drugs against susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but they are ineffective agains...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eri.10.20
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Due to increasing intensity and complexity of therapies and longer survivorship, many patients with haematologic malignancy (HM) are at risk of invasive fungal disease (IFD). Mortality from IFD is high and treatment of an episode of IFD results in an excess length of hospital stay and costs and delays deli...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14787210.2016.1245613
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluoroquinolones are an important group of antibiotics that are used widely in the treatment of various infectious diseases in adults as a result of their excellent spectrum of activity, significant tissue penetration and convenient routes of administration. Their use in children, however, has been limited until recen...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14787210.4.5.853
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A current focus in HIV management is improving adherence by minimizing pill burden with convenient formulations, including fixed-dose combinations (FDCs). Darunavir, a HIV protease inhibitor, co-administered with low-dose ritonavir (800/100 mg once daily), is recommended in guidelines in combination with other antiret...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14787210.2015.1033400
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Influenza-Like Illness is a leading cause of hospitalization in children. Disease burden due to influenza and other respiratory viral infections is reported on a population level, but clinical scores measuring individual changes in disease severity are urgently needed. Areas covered: We present a composite...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14787210.2017.1295847
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Monkeypox is a re-emerging viral zoonosis that occurs naturally in heavily forested regions of West and Central Africa. Inter-human transmission of monkeypox virus, although limited, drives outbreaks, particularly in household and health-care settings. But the available evidence suggests that without repea...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14787210.2019.1567330
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive candidiasis, including candidemia (IC/C), is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. While incidence is higher in intensive care units, the majority of cases of candidemia are documented in medical wards. Although Candida albicans is still the most frequently isolated species, IC...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1586/14787210.2015.1029916
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacterium caprae, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, causes tuberculosis (TB) in man and animals. Some features distinguish M. caprae from its epidemiological twin, Mycobacterium bovis: M. caprae is evolutionarily older, accounts for a smaller burden of zoonotic TB and is not globally distributed,...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14787210.2014.974560
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accidents or violence can result in penetrating trauma in the adult population. Contaminated penetrating foreign bodies introduced at the time of wounding cause infection, especially high velocity projectiles, which result in cavitation. Surgical debridement reduces potential infection; however, perioperative antibiot...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eri.10.155
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multidrug chemotherapy for 6-9-months is one of the primary treatments in effective control of tuberculosis, although the mechanisms underlying the persistence of its etiological agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, against antibiotics remain unclear. Ever-mounting evidence indicates that the survival of many environmen...
journal_title:Expert review of anti-infective therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eri.12.88
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00