Effects of vitamin E and beta-carotene on sperm competitiveness.

abstract：:For decades, ecologists have hypothesised that exposure to plant secondary compounds (PSCs) modifies herbivore-associated microbial community composition. This notion has not been critically evaluated in wild mammalian herbivores on evolutionary timescales. We investigated responses of the microbial communities of two...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Kohl KD,Dearing MD

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing temperatures associated with climate change are predicted to cause reductions in body size, a key determinant of animal physiology and ecology. Using a four-decade specimen series of 70 716 individuals of 52 North American migratory bird species, we demonstrate that increasing annual summer temperature over...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Weeks BC,Willard DE,Zimova M,Ellis AA,Witynski ML,Hennen M,Winger BM

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We developed an analytical method that quantifies the relative contributions of mortality and individual growth to ecosystem function and analysed the results from the first biodiversity experiment conducted in a tropical tree plantation. In Sardinilla, central Panama, over 5000 tree seedlings were planted in monocult...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Potvin C,Gotelli NJ

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The growth rate hypothesis posits that the rate of protein synthesis is constrained by phosphorus (P) supply. P scarcity invokes differential expression of genes involved in processing of most if not all elements encompassing an individual (the ionome). Whether such ionome-wide adjustments to P supply impact growth an...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Jeyasingh PD,Goos JM,Lind PR,Roy Chowdhury P,Sherman RE

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Food-web complexity often hinders disentangling functionally relevant aspects of food-web structure and its relationships to biodiversity. Here, we present a theoretical framework to evaluate food-web complexity in terms of biodiversity. Food network unfolding is a theoretical method to transform a complex food web in...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Kato Y,Kondoh M,Ishikawa NF,Togashi H,Kohmatsu Y,Yoshimura M,Yoshimizu C,Haraguchi TF,Osada Y,Ohte N,Tokuchi N,Okuda N,Miki T,Tayasu I

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Species coexistence in diverse communities likely results from multiple interacting factors. Mechanisms such as conspecific negative density dependence (CNDD) and varying life-history strategies related to resource partitioning are known to influence plant fitness, and thereby community composition and diversity. Howe...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Zhu Y,Queenborough SA,Condit R,Hubbell SP,Ma KP,Comita LS

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because biodiversity is multidimensional and scale-dependent, it is challenging to estimate its change. However, it is unclear (1) how much scale-dependence matters for empirical studies, and (2) if it does matter, how exactly we should quantify biodiversity change. To address the first question, we analysed studies w...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Chase JM,McGill BJ,McGlinn DJ,May F,Blowes SA,Xiao X,Knight TM,Purschke O,Gotelli NJ

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resource-consumer interactions are considered a major driving force of population and community dynamics. However, species also interact in many non-trophic and indirect ways and it is currently not known to what extent the dynamic coupling of species corresponds to the distribution of trophic links. Here, using a 10-...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Kawatsu K,Ushio M,van Veen FJF,Kondoh M

更新日期：2021-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The spatial insurance hypothesis indicates that connectivity is an important attribute of natural ecosystems that sustains both biodiversity and ecosystem function. We tested the hypothesis by measuring the impact of manipulating connectivity in experimental metacommunties of a natural and diverse microecosystem. Isol...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Staddon P,Lindo Z,Crittenden PD,Gilbert F,Gonzalez A

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Root systems are important for global models of below-ground carbon and nutrient cycling. Notoriously difficult sampling methods and the fractal distribution of root diameters in the soil make data being used in these models especially susceptible to error resulting from under-sampling. We applied the concept of speci...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Taylor BN,Beidler KV,Cooper ER,Strand AE,Pritchard SG

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant growth can be limited by resource acquisition and defence against consumers, leading to contrasting trade-off possibilities. The competition-defence hypothesis posits a trade-off between competitive ability and defence against enemies (e.g. herbivores and pathogens). The growth-defence hypothesis suggests that s...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Lind EM,Borer E,Seabloom E,Adler P,Bakker JD,Blumenthal DM,Crawley M,Davies K,Firn J,Gruner DS,Harpole WS,Hautier Y,Hillebrand H,Knops J,Melbourne B,Mortensen B,Risch AC,Schuetz M,Stevens C,Wragg PD

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing interest in the complexity, variation and drivers of movement-related behaviours promise new insight into fundamental components of ecology. Resolving the multidimensionality of spatially explicit behaviour remains a challenge for investigating tactics and their relation to niche construction, but high-reso...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Bastille-Rousseau G,Wittemyer G

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecosystems are often exposed to mixtures of chemical contaminants, but the scientific community lacks a theoretical framework to predict the effects of mixtures on biodiversity and ecosystem properties. We conducted a freshwater mesocosm experiment to examine the effects of pairwise agrochemical mixtures [fertiliser, ...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Halstead NT,McMahon TA,Johnson SA,Raffel TR,Romansic JM,Crumrine PW,Rohr JR

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of consumer-resource interactions suggest that individual diet specialisation is empirically widespread and theoretically important to the organisation and dynamics of populations and communities. We used weighted networks to analyze the resource use by sea otters, testing three alternative models for how indi...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Tim Tinker M,Guimarães PR Jr,Novak M,Marquitti FM,Bodkin JL,Staedler M,Bentall G,Estes JA

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trait-based approaches to community structure are increasingly used in terrestrial ecology. We show that such an approach, augmented by a mechanistic analysis of trade-offs among functional traits, can be successfully used to explain community composition of marine phytoplankton along environmental gradients. Our anal...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Litchman E,Klausmeier CA,Schofield OM,Falkowski PG

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Food chain theory is one of the cornerstones of ecology, providing many of its basic predictions, such as biomass pyramids, trophic cascades and predator-prey oscillations. Yet, ninety years into this theory, the conditions under which these patterns may occur and persist in nature remain subject to debate. Rather tha...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Barbier M,Loreau M

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While collective decision-making is recognised as a significant contributor to fitness in social species, the opposite outcome is also logically possible. We show that collective movement decisions guided by individual bison sharing faulty information about habitat quality promoted the use of ecological traps. The fre...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Sigaud M,Merkle JA,Cherry SG,Fryxell JM,Berdahl A,Fortin D

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Classifying the biological traits of organisms can test conceptual frameworks of life-history strategies and allow for predictions of how different species may respond to environmental disturbances. We apply a trait-based classification approach to a complex and threatened group of species, scleractinian corals. Using...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Darling ES,Alvarez-Filip L,Oliver TA,McClanahan TR,Côté IM,Bellwood D

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:'Should I stay or should I go?' is a fundamental question facing any candidate for emigration, as emigrating without outside information has major costs. Most studies on this topic have concentrated on risk-reducing strategies (e.g. exploration) developed after leaving the natal habitat. The idea that information migh...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Cote J,Clobert J

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The impacts of climate change on forest net biomass change are poorly understood but critical for predicting forest's contribution to the global carbon cycle. Recent studies show climate change-associated net biomass declines in mature forest plots. The representativeness of these plots for regional forests, however, ...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Chen HY,Luo Y,Reich PB,Searle EB,Biswas SR

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecological constraints on independent breeding are recognised as major drivers of cooperative breeding across diverse lineages. How the prevalence and degree of cooperative breeding relates to ecological variation remains unresolved. Using a large data set of cooperative nesting in Polistes wasps we demonstrate that d...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Sheehan MJ,Botero CA,Hendry TA,Sedio BE,Jandt JM,Weiner S,Toth AL,Tibbetts EA

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dispersal is a major factor regulating the number of coexisting species, but the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem processes has mainly been analysed for communities closed to dispersal. We experimentally investigated how initial local diversity and dispersal frequency affect local diversity and bio...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Matthiessen B,Hillebrand H

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patterns of local adaptation are expected to emerge when selection is spatially heterogeneous and sufficiently strong relative to the action of other evolutionary forces. The observation of local adaptation thus provides important insight into evolutionary processes and the adaptive divergence of populations. The dete...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Blanquart F,Kaltz O,Nuismer SL,Gandon S

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of invertebrate herbivores in regulating plant communities remains unclear, due to the absence of long-term exclusion experiments. An experiment in an English grassland involving long-term exclusions of insect and mollusc herbivores, along with rabbit fencing, showed strong, but opposing, effects of the...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Allan E,Crawley MJ

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dispersal and the underlying movement behaviour are processes of pivotal importance for understanding and predicting metapopulation and metacommunity dynamics. Generally, dispersal decisions are condition-dependent and rely on information in the broad sense, like the presence of conspecifics. However, studies on metac...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Fronhofer EA,Klecka J,Melián CJ,Altermatt F

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relative importance of contemporary and historical processes is central for understanding biodiversity patterns. While several studies show that past conditions can partly explain the current biodiversity patterns, the role of history remains elusive. We reconstructed palaeo-drainage basins under lower sea level c...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Dias MS,Oberdorff T,Hugueny B,Leprieur F,Jézéquel C,Cornu JF,Brosse S,Grenouillet G,Tedesco PA

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How abiotic and biotic factors constrain distribution limits at the harsh and benign edges of species ranges is hotly debated, partly because macroecological experiments testing the proximate causes of distribution limits are scarce. It has long been recognized - at least since Darwin's On the Origin of Species - that...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Chan SF,Shih WK,Chang AY,Shen SF,Chen IC

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of host plant α- and β-diversity often confound studies of herbivore β-diversity, hindering our ability to predict the full impact of non-native plants on herbivores. Here, while controlling host plant diversity, we examined variation in herbivore communities between native and non-native plants, focusing on h...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Burghardt KT,Tallamy DW

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although fitness is central to the evolutionary process, metrics vary by timescale. Different timescales may give rise to different estimates of selection, especially during demographic transitions caused by rapid environmental and socioeconomic change. In this study, we used a dataset of a human population in Finland...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Scranton K,Lummaa V,Stearns SC

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Variation for resistance to infectious disease is ubiquitous and critical to host and parasite evolution and to disease impact, spread and control. However, the processes that generate and maintain this diversity are not understood. We examine how ecological feedbacks generate diversity in host defence focussing on wh...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Boots M,White A,Best A,Bowers R

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00