Pyramids and cascades: a synthesis of food chain functioning and stability.

abstract：:Global spread of non-native species profoundly changed the world biodiversity patterns, but how it translates into functional changes remains unanswered at the world scale. We here show that while in two centuries the number of fish species per river increased on average by 15% in 1569 basins worldwide, the diversity ...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Toussaint A,Charpin N,Beauchard O,Grenouillet G,Oberdorff T,Tedesco PA,Brosse S,Villéger S

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understory fires represent an accelerating threat to Amazonian tropical forests and can, during drought, affect larger areas than deforestation itself. These fires kill trees at rates varying from < 10 to c. 90% depending on fire intensity, forest disturbance history and tree functional traits. Here, we examine variat...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Staver AC,Brando PM,Barlow J,Morton DC,Paine CET,Malhi Y,Araujo Murakami A,Del Aguila Pasquel J

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Determining statistical patterns irrespective of interacting agents (i.e. macroecology) is useful to explore the mechanisms driving population fluctuations and extinctions in natural food webs. Here, we tested four predictions of a neutral model on the distribution of community fluctuations (CF) and the distributions ...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Segura AM,Calliari D,Lan BL,Fort H,Widdicombe CE,Harmer R,Arim M

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increasing pressure from policymakers for ecologists to generate more detailed 'attribution' analyses aimed at quantitatively estimating relative contributions of different driving forces, including anthropogenic climate change (ACC), to observed biological changes. Here, we argue that this approach is not pr...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Parmesan C,Burrows MT,Duarte CM,Poloczanska ES,Richardson AJ,Schoeman DS,Singer MC

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biodiversity studies are sensitive to well-recognised temporal and spatial scale dependencies. Cross-study syntheses may inflate these influences by collating studies that vary widely in the numbers and sizes of sampling plots. Here we evaluate sources of inaccuracy and imprecision in study-level and cross-study estim...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Spake R,Mori AS,Beckmann M,Martin PA,Christie AP,Duguid MC,Doncaster CP

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dispersal is a key ecological process that is strongly influenced by both phenotype and environment. Here, we show that juvenile environment influences dispersal not only by shaping individual phenotypes, but also by changing the phenotypes of neighbouring conspecifics, which influence how individuals disperse. We use...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Endriss SB,Vahsen ML,Bitume EV,Grey Monroe J,Turner KG,Norton AP,Hufbauer RA

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intra- and interspecific plant-plant interactions are fundamental to patterns of community assembly and to the mixture effects observed in biodiversity studies. Although much research has been conducted at the species level, very little is understood about how genetic variation within and among interacting species may...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Genung MA,Bailey JK,Schweitzer JA

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dispersal and the underlying movement behaviour are processes of pivotal importance for understanding and predicting metapopulation and metacommunity dynamics. Generally, dispersal decisions are condition-dependent and rely on information in the broad sense, like the presence of conspecifics. However, studies on metac...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Fronhofer EA,Klecka J,Melián CJ,Altermatt F

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The future of tropical forest biodiversity depends more than ever on the effective management of human-modified landscapes, presenting a daunting challenge to conservation practitioners and land use managers. We provide a critical synthesis of the scientific insights that guide our understanding of patterns and proces...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Gardner TA,Barlow J,Chazdon R,Ewers RM,Harvey CA,Peres CA,Sodhi NS

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The impact of anthropogenic activity on ecosystems has highlighted the need to move beyond the biogeographical delineation of species richness patterns to understanding the vulnerability of species assemblages, including the functional components that are linked to the processes they support. We developed a decision t...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Parravicini V,Villéger S,McClanahan TR,Arias-González JE,Bellwood DR,Belmaker J,Chabanet P,Floeter SR,Friedlander AM,Guilhaumon F,Vigliola L,Kulbicki M,Mouillot D

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Individual foraging specialisation has important ecological implications, but its causes in group-living species are unclear. One of the major consequences of group living is increased intragroup competition for resources. Foraging theory predicts that with increased competition, individuals should add new prey items ...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Sheppard CE,Inger R,McDonald RA,Barker S,Jackson AL,Thompson FJ,Vitikainen EIK,Cant MA,Marshall HH

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Species diversity has two components - number of species and spatial turnover in species composition (beta-diversity). Using a field experiment focusing on a system of Mediterranean grasslands, we show that interspecific competition may influence the two components in the same direction or in opposite directions, depe...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Segre H,Ron R,De Malach N,Henkin Z,Mandel M,Kadmon R

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of natural selection to drive local adaptation has been appreciated ever since Darwin. Whether human impacts can impede the adaptive process has received less attention. We tested this hypothesis by quantifying natural selection and harvest selection acting on a freshwater fish (pike) over four decades. Ac...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Carlson SM,Edeline E,Asbjørn Vøllestad L,Haugen TO,Winfield IJ,Fletcher JM,Ben James J,Stenseth NC

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For decades, ecologists have hypothesised that exposure to plant secondary compounds (PSCs) modifies herbivore-associated microbial community composition. This notion has not been critically evaluated in wild mammalian herbivores on evolutionary timescales. We investigated responses of the microbial communities of two...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Kohl KD,Dearing MD

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous bamboo species collectively flower and seed at dramatically extended, regular intervals - some as long as 120 years. These collective seed releases, termed 'masts', are thought to be a strategy to overwhelm seed predators or to maximise pollination rates. But why are the intervals so long, and how did they ev...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Veller C,Nowak MA,Davis CC

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the importance of consumers in structuring communities, and the widespread assumption that consumption is strongest at low latitudes, empirical tests for global scale patterns in the magnitude of consumer impacts are limited. In marine systems, the long tradition of experimentally excluding herbivores in their...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Poore AG,Campbell AH,Coleman RA,Edgar GJ,Jormalainen V,Reynolds PL,Sotka EE,Stachowicz JJ,Taylor RB,Vanderklift MA,Duffy JE

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental studies assessing climatic effects on ecological communities have typically applied static warming treatments. Although these studies have been informative, they have usually failed to incorporate either current or predicted future, patterns of variability. Future climates are likely to include extreme ev...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Thompson RM,Beardall J,Beringer J,Grace M,Sardina P

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How strongly natural populations are regulated has a long history of debate in ecology. Here, we discuss concepts of population regulation appropriate for stochastic population dynamics. We then analyse two large collections of data sets with autoregressive-moving average (ARMA) models, using model selection technique...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Ziebarth NL,Abbott KC,Ives AR

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Root systems are important for global models of below-ground carbon and nutrient cycling. Notoriously difficult sampling methods and the fractal distribution of root diameters in the soil make data being used in these models especially susceptible to error resulting from under-sampling. We applied the concept of speci...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Taylor BN,Beidler KV,Cooper ER,Strand AE,Pritchard SG

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:What explains variation in the strength of sexual selection across species, populations or differences between the sexes? Here, we show that unifying two well-known lines of thinking provides the necessary conceptual framework to account for variation in sexual selection. The Bateman gradient and the operational sex r...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Kokko H,Klug H,Jennions MD

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fine root decomposition constitutes a critical yet poorly understood flux of carbon and nutrients in terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we present the first large-scale synthesis of species trait effects on the early stages of fine root decomposition at both global and local scales. Based on decomposition rates for 279 pla...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： See CR,Luke McCormack M,Hobbie SE,Flores-Moreno H,Silver WL,Kennedy PG

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Individual heterogeneity in life history shapes eco-evolutionary processes, and unobserved heterogeneity can affect demographic outputs characterising life history and population dynamical properties. Demographic frameworks like matrix models or integral projection models represent powerful approaches to disentangle m...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Vindenes Y,Langangen Ø

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-standing theory predicts herbivores and predators should drive selection for increased plant defences, such as the specific production of volatile organic compounds for attracting predators near the site of damage. Along elevation gradients, a general pattern is that herbivores and predators are abundant at low e...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Kergunteuil A,Röder G,Rasmann S

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing temperatures associated with climate change are predicted to cause reductions in body size, a key determinant of animal physiology and ecology. Using a four-decade specimen series of 70 716 individuals of 52 North American migratory bird species, we demonstrate that increasing annual summer temperature over...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Weeks BC,Willard DE,Zimova M,Ellis AA,Witynski ML,Hennen M,Winger BM

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of plants has yielded a wealth of adaptations for the acquisition of key mineral nutrients. These include the structure, physiology and positioning of root systems. We report the discovery of specialized snow roots as a plant strategy to cope with the very short season for nutrient uptake and growth in a...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Onipchenko VG,Makarov MI,van Logtestijn RS,Ivanov VB,Akhmetzhanova AA,Tekeev DK,Ermak AA,Salpagarova FS,Kozhevnikova AD,Cornelissen JH

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The metacommunity concept has the potential to integrate local and regional dynamics within a general community ecology framework. To this end, the concept must move beyond the discrete archetypes that have largely defined it (e.g. neutral vs. species sorting) and better incorporate local scale species interactions an...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Thompson PL,Guzman LM,De Meester L,Horváth Z,Ptacnik R,Vanschoenwinkel B,Viana DS,Chase JM

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many animal populations display consistent individual differences in suites of correlated behaviours. While these so called 'animal personalities' can substantially influence the ecology and evolution of populations, little is known about cross-sex correlations of behaviour and thus the potential of personality to lim...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Sprenger D,Dingemanse NJ,Dochtermann NA,Theobald J,Walker SP

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calls to understand the links between ecology and evolution have been common for decades. Population dynamics, i.e. the demographic changes in populations, arise from life history decisions of individuals and thus are a product of selection, and selection, on the contrary, can be modified by such dynamical properties ...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Kokko H,López-Sepulcre A

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Co-flowering plant species commonly share flower visitors, and thus have the potential to influence each other's pollination. In this study we analysed 750 quantitative plant-pollinator networks from 28 studies representing diverse biomes worldwide. We show that the potential for one plant species to influence another...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Carvalheiro LG,Biesmeijer JC,Benadi G,Fründ J,Stang M,Bartomeus I,Kaiser-Bunbury CN,Baude M,Gomes SI,Merckx V,Baldock KC,Bennett AT,Boada R,Bommarco R,Cartar R,Chacoff N,Dänhardt J,Dicks LV,Dormann CF,Ekroos J,Hen

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Legumes capable of fixing atmospheric N2 are abundant and diverse in many tropical forests, but the factors determining ecological patterns in fixation are unresolved. A long-standing idea is that fixation depends on soil nutrients (N, P or Mo), but recent evidence shows that fixation may also differ among N2-fixing s...

journal_title：Ecology letters

authors： Wurzburger N,Hedin LO

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00