Abstract:
:Increasing temperatures associated with climate change are predicted to cause reductions in body size, a key determinant of animal physiology and ecology. Using a four-decade specimen series of 70 716 individuals of 52 North American migratory bird species, we demonstrate that increasing annual summer temperature over the 40-year period predicts consistent reductions in body size across these diverse taxa. Concurrently, wing length - an index of body shape that impacts numerous aspects of avian ecology and behaviour - has consistently increased across species. Our findings suggest that warming-induced body size reduction is a general response to climate change, and reveal a similarly consistent and unexpected shift in body shape. We hypothesise that increasing wing length represents a compensatory adaptation to maintain migration as reductions in body size have increased the metabolic cost of flight. An improved understanding of warming-induced morphological changes is important for predicting biotic responses to global change.
journal_name
Ecol Lettjournal_title
Ecology lettersauthors
Weeks BC,Willard DE,Zimova M,Ellis AA,Witynski ML,Hennen M,Winger BMdoi
10.1111/ele.13434subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-02-01 00:00:00pages
316-325issue
2eissn
1461-023Xissn
1461-0248journal_volume
23pub_type
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