Abstract:
:The time-area-productivity hypothesis is a proposed explanation for global biodiversity gradients. It predicts that a bioregion's modern diversity is the product of its area and productivity, integrated over evolutionary time. I performed the first experimental test of the time-area-productivity hypothesis using a model system for adaptive radiation - the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25. I initiated hundreds of independent radiations under culture conditions spanning a variety of productivities, spatial extents and temporal extents. Time-integrated productivity was the single best predictor of extant phenotypic diversity and richness. In contrast, 'snapshots' of modern environmental variables at the time of sampling were less useful predictors of diversity patterns. These results were best explained by marked variation in population growth parameters under different productivity treatments and the long periods over which standing diversity could persist in unproductive habitats. These findings provide the first experimental support for time-integrated productivity as a putative driver of regional biodiversity patterns.
journal_name
Ecol Lettjournal_title
Ecology lettersauthors
Armitage DWdoi
10.1111/ele.12501subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-11-01 00:00:00pages
1216-1225issue
11eissn
1461-023Xissn
1461-0248journal_volume
18pub_type
信件相关文献
ECOLOGY LETTERS文献大全abstract::We reconcile the findings of Holmes et al. (Ecology Letters, 10, 2007, 1182) that 95% confidence intervals for quasi-extinction risk were narrow for many vertebrates of conservation concern, with previous theory predicting wide confidence intervals. We extend previous theory, concerning the precision of quasi-extincti...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01211.x
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activity budgets influence the expression of life history traits as well as population dynamics. For ectotherms, a major constraint on activity is environmental temperature. Nonetheless, we currently lack a comprehensive conceptual framework for understanding thermal constraints on activity, which hinders our ability ...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12552
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nematomorph parasites manipulate crickets to enter streams where the parasites reproduce. These manipulated crickets become a substantial food subsidy for stream fishes. We used a field experiment to investigate how this subsidy affects the stream community and ecosystem function. When crickets were available, predato...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01798.x
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::There have been numerous investigations of parasite local adaptation, a phenomenon important from the perspectives of both basic and applied evolutionary ecology. Recent work has demonstrated that temperature has striking effects on parasite performance by mediating trade-offs in parasite life history and through geno...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01146.x
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most species are exposed to significant environmental gradients across their ranges, but vital rates (survival, growth, reproduction and recruitment) need not respond in the same direction to those gradients. Opposing vital rate trends across environments, a phenomenon that has been loosely called 'demographic compens...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12505
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Limited dispersal is commonly used to explain differences in diversification rates. An obvious but unexplored factor affecting dispersal is the mode of locomotion used by animals. Whether individuals walk, swim or fly can dictate the type and severity of geographical barriers to dispersal, and determine the general ra...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12930
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Symbiotic nitrogen (N)-fixing plants are abundant during primary succession, as typical bedrocks lack available N. In turn, fixed N accumulates in soils through biomass turnover and recycling, favouring more nitrophilous organisms. Yet, it is unclear how this facilitation mechanism interacts with competition for other...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12966
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hette-Tronquart (2019, Ecol. Lett.) raises three concerns about our interpretation of stable isotope data in Sheppard et al. (2018, Ecol. Lett., 21, 665). We feel that these concerns are based on comparisons that are unreasonable or ignore the ecological context from which the data were collected. Stable isotope ratio...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.13374
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although fitness is central to the evolutionary process, metrics vary by timescale. Different timescales may give rise to different estimates of selection, especially during demographic transitions caused by rapid environmental and socioeconomic change. In this study, we used a dataset of a human population in Finland...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12619
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessments from field plots steer much of our current understanding of global change impacts on forest ecosystem structure and function. Recent widespread observations of net carbon accumulation in field plots have suggested that terrestrial ecosystems may be a carbon sink, possibly resulting from climate change and/...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01169.x
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Demographic senescence is increasingly recognised as an important force shaping the dynamics of wild vertebrate populations. However, our understanding of the processes that underpin these declines in survival and fertility in old age remains limited. Evidence for age-related changes in foraging behaviour and habitat ...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12965
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The two parameters of the Michaelis-Menten model, the maximum uptake rate and the half-saturation constant, are not stochastically independent, and the half-saturation constant is not a measure of nutrient affinity, as commonly assumed. Failure to realise their interdependence and mechanistic interpretation may lead t...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.13208
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forest and savanna biomes dominate the tropics, yet factors controlling their distribution remain poorly understood. Climate is clearly important, but extensive savannas in some high rainfall areas suggest a decoupling of climate and vegetation. In some situations edaphic factors are important, with forest often assoc...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01771.x
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the sensitivity of tundra vegetation to climate warming is critical to forecasting future biodiversity and vegetation feedbacks to climate. In situ warming experiments accelerate climate change on a small scale to forecast responses of local plant communities. Limitations of this approach include the app...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01716.x
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A latitudinal gradient in biodiversity has existed since before the time of the dinosaurs, yet how and why this gradient arose remains unresolved. Here we review two major hypotheses for the origin of the latitudinal diversity gradient. The time and area hypothesis holds that tropical climates are older and historical...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01020.x
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Community assembly history is increasingly recognized as a fundamental determinant of community structure. However, little is known as to how assembly history may affect ecosystem functioning via its effect on community structure. Using wood-decaying fungi as a model system, we provide experimental evidence that large...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01465.x
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a changing environment multiple anthropogenic stressors can have novel and non-additive effects on interacting species. We investigated the interactive effects of fishing and harmful algal blooms on the predator-sea urchin-macroalgae trophic cascade. Fishing of urchin predators had indirect negative effects on macr...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01512.x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intra- and interspecific plant-plant interactions are fundamental to patterns of community assembly and to the mixture effects observed in biodiversity studies. Although much research has been conducted at the species level, very little is understood about how genetic variation within and among interacting species may...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01710.x
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the factors that determine rates of range expansion is not only crucial for developing risk assessment schemes and management strategies for invasive species, but also provides important insight into the ability of species to disperse in response to climate change. However, there is little knowledge on w...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12286
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural ecosystems are shaped along two fundamental axes, space and time, but how biodiversity is partitioned along both axes is not well understood. Here, we show that the relationship between temporal and spatial biodiversity patterns can vary predictably according to habitat characteristics. By quantifying seasonal...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/ele.12798
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Body condition metrics are widely used to infer animal health and to assess costs of parasite infection. Since parasites harm their hosts, ecologists might expect negative relationships between infection and condition in wildlife, but this assumption is challenged by studies showing positive or null condition-infectio...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/ele.13160
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Measures of trophic position (TP) are critical for understanding food web interactions and human-mediated ecosystem disturbance. Nitrogen stable isotopes (δ(15) N) provide a powerful tool to estimate TP but are limited by a pragmatic assumption that isotope discrimination is constant (change in δ(15) N between predato...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1111/ele.12226
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of natural selection to drive local adaptation has been appreciated ever since Darwin. Whether human impacts can impede the adaptive process has received less attention. We tested this hypothesis by quantifying natural selection and harvest selection acting on a freshwater fish (pike) over four decades. Ac...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01046.x
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate predictions of soil C feedbacks to climate change depend on an improved understanding of responses of soil C pools and C use by soil microbial groups. We assessed soil and microbial C in a 7-year manipulation of CO2 and warming in a semi-arid grassland. Continuous field isotopic labelling under elevated CO2 f...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.13140
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Social environments have an important effect on a range of ecological processes, and form a crucial component of selection. However, little is known of the link between personality, social behaviour and population structure. We combine a well-understood personality trait with large-scale social networks in wild songbi...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12181
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Root systems are important for global models of below-ground carbon and nutrient cycling. Notoriously difficult sampling methods and the fractal distribution of root diameters in the soil make data being used in these models especially susceptible to error resulting from under-sampling. We applied the concept of speci...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12119
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding and predicting range expansion are key objectives in many basic and applied contexts. Among dioecious organisms, there is strong evidence for sex differences in dispersal, which could alter the sex ratio at the expansion's leading edge. However, demographic stochasticity could also affect leading-edge se...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12049
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolism fuels all of life's activities, from biochemical reactions to ecological interactions. According to two intensely debated theories, body size affects metabolism via geometrical influences on the transport of resources and wastes. However, these theories differ crucially in whether the size dependence of met...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ele.12334
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although some organisms have moved to higher elevations and latitudes in response to recent climate change, there is little consensus regarding the capacity of different species to track rapid climate change via range shifts. Understanding species' abilities to shift ranges has important implications for assessing ext...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01620.x
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrogen (N) deposition is impacting the services that ecosystems provide to humanity. However, the mechanisms determining impacts on the N cycle are not fully understood. To explore the mechanistic underpinnings of N impacts on N cycle processes, we reviewed and synthesised recent progress in ecosystem N research thr...
journal_title:Ecology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/ele.12591
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00