Abstract:
:The scarcity of fresh water in the Mediterranean region necessitates the search for halotolerant agents of biological control of plant diseases that can be applied in arid-zone agriculture irrigated with saline water. Among 29 Trichoderma strains previously isolated from Mediterranean Psammocinia sp. sponges, the greatest number of isolates belong to the Trichoderma longibrachiatum-Hypocrea orientalis species pair (9), H. atroviridis/T. atroviride (9), and T. harzianum species complex (7), all of which are known for high mycoparasitic potential. In addition, one isolate of T. asperelloides and two putative new species, Trichoderma sp. O.Y. 14707 and O.Y. 2407, from Longibrachiatum and Strictipilosa clades, respectively, have been identified. In vitro salinity assays showed that the ability to tolerate increasing osmotic pressure (halotolerance) is a strain- or clade-specific property rather than a feature of a species. Only a few isolates were found to be sensitive to increased salinity, while others either were halotolerant or even demonstrated improved growth in increasingly saline conditions. In vitro antibiosis assays revealed strong antagonistic activity toward phytopathogens due to the production of both soluble and volatile metabolites. Two marine-derived Trichoderma isolates, identified as T. atroviride and T. asperelloides, respectively, effectively reduced Rhizoctonia solani damping-off disease on beans and also induced defense responses in cucumber seedlings against Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrimans. This is the first inclusive evaluation of marine fungi as potential biocontrol agents.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Gal-Hemed I,Atanasova L,Komon-Zelazowska M,Druzhinina IS,Viterbo A,Yarden Odoi
10.1128/AEM.00541-11subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-08-01 00:00:00pages
5100-9issue
15eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
AEM.00541-11journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章abstract::"Viili," a fermented milk product, has a firm but viscous consistency. It is produced with traditional mesophilic mixed-strain starters, which have various stabilities in dairy practice. Thirteen morphologically different types of phages were found in 90 viili samples studied by electron microscopy. Ten of the phage t...
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doi:10.1128/AEM.52.4.771-777.1986
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.58.9.2717-2722.1992
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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