Abstract:
:Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in innate immune cells play a pivotal role in the first line of host defense system. PRRs recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to initiate and regulate innate and adaptive immune responses. PRRs include Toll-like receptors (TLRs), RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs), which have their own features in ligand recognition and cellular location. Activated PRRs deliver signals to adaptor molecules (MyD88, TRIF, MAL/TIRAP, TRAM, IPS-1) which act as important messengers to activate downstream kinases (IKK complex, MAPKs, TBK1, RIP-1) and transcription factors (NF-κB, AP-1, IRF3), which produce effecter molecules including cytokines, chemokines, inflammatory enzymes, and type I interferones. Since excessive PRR activation is closely linked to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, the role of intrinsic and extrinsic regulators in the prevention of over- or unnecessary activation of PRRs has been widely studied. Intracellular regulators include MyD88s, SOCS1, TOLLIP, A20, and CYLD. Extrinsic regulators have also been identified with their molecular targets in PRR signaling pathways. TLR dimerization has been suggested as an inhibitory target for small molecules such as curcumin, cinnamaldehyde, and sulforaphane. TBK1 kinase can be a target for certain flavonoids such as EGCG, luteolin, quercetin, chrysin, and eriodictyol to regulate TRIF-dependent TLR pathways. This review focuses on the features of PRR signaling pathways and the therapeutic targets of intrinsic and extrinsic regulators in order to provide beneficial strategies for controlling the activity of PRRs and the related inflammatory diseases and immune disorders.
journal_name
Yonsei Med Jjournal_title
Yonsei medical journalauthors
Jeong E,Lee JYdoi
10.3349/ymj.2011.52.3.379subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-05-01 00:00:00pages
379-92issue
3eissn
0513-5796issn
1976-2437pii
201105379journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of ultra low molecular weight heparin (ULMWH) on glutamate induced apoptosis in rat cortical cells and to explore the possible mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Cell viability was measured using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Apoptosis was first an...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2008.49.3.486
更新日期:2008-06-30 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-dose oral methotrexate (MTX) as a treatment for patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) which was resistant to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). PATIENTS AND METHODS:The patients who had persistent or recrudescent fever after treatment with IVIG were subse...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2008.49.5.714
更新日期:2008-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::We report a case of epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Dowling-Meara type (EBS-DM), which was associated with congenital pyloric atresia (PA) and various urologic abnormalities, a diagnosis confirmed by immunofluorescence mapping and electron microscopic findings. Immunofluorescent mapping showed the serum from a patient ...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2000.41.3.411
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anti- Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in haemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). METHODS:One hundred and seventy three haemodialysis patients, and 40 healthy controls, were studied for the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies by a micr...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2003.44.2.288
更新日期:2003-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary osteoporosis is a feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In recent years, several attempts have been made to develop specific markers for monitoring connective tissue metabolism in arthritic diseases. Our purpose, in this study was to assess pyridinium crosslinks (PYD and DPYD) excretion in relation to the ac...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2002.43.4.435
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the potential usefulness of stereoscopic viewing of optic disc photographs in marking the disc margin in computerized analysis with the Rodenstock Analyzer in 48 eyes of 26 patients with ocular hypertension or primary open-angle glaucoma. Marking of the disc margin without Method 1) and with the a...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.1990.31.4.375
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Evidence of variations in adiponectin (AdipoQ) genes that are associated with ischemic stroke has not been consistent, and it is unclear whether the same loci contribute to these associations in the Korean popula...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2011.52.1.20
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to compare the perioperative complication rates of reconstructive pelvic surgery and general gynecologic surgery, and to identify the predictive risk factors for perioperative complications in reconstructive pelvic surgery. The medical records of 148 reconstructive pelvic surgery patients...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2004.45.2.281
更新日期:2004-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Silicosis had been considered for decades as an illness with manifestations of lung fibrosis due to inhalation of overconcentrated SiO₂ dust. To the best of our knowledge, studies have yet to report SiO₂ deposits in any other tissues and organs. In the present case, while performing bilateral artificial total hip arth...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2014.55.5.1447
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rarely noted in association with neurofibromatosis-1 (NF-1, von Recklinghausen disease) as an individual gastrointestinal manifestation. We report here a case of multiple GISTs with an abundant skeinoid fiber in the jejunum of a 43-year-old woman diagnosed as NF-1. Histologi...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2004.45.3.564
更新日期:2004-06-30 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Although there is a consensus about the need for surveillance colonoscopy after endoscopic resection, the interval remains controversial for large sessile colorectal polyps. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome and the adequate surveillance colonoscopy interval required for sessile and fl...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2016.57.5.1106
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:During stimulated in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle, up to 30% of the recovered oocytes are immature ones which have poor fertilization capacity; however, the precise influencing factors are largely unknown. Here, we analyzed the association of oocyte immaturity with woman's age in IVF cycles stimulated by sin...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2012.53.1.181
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a dystrophinopathy, and its associated gene is located on Xp21. Moreover, utrophin, a recently identified structural homologue of dystrophin is reported to be up-regulated in DMD. In order to investigate the association between utrophin and muscle regeneration in DMD, an immunohist...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2003.44.1.15
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with metal stent placement has become a well-developed treatment modality for coronary stenotic lesions. Although infection involving implanted stents is rare, it can, however, occur with high morbidity and mortality. We describe herein a case of an inserted coronary sten...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type:
doi:10.3349/ymj.2017.58.2.458
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to determine whether retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), adiponectin and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin are associated with insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic parameters in non-diabetic hypertensive patients. Also, we sought to compare the predictive values of these adipocyto...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2010.51.3.375
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of polymer-free drug-coated BioFreedom stent implantation in comparison to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) before major noncardiac surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In a multicenter registry, 55 patients required revascularization before major noncar...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2018.59.4.480
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of localized resectable genitourinary sarcomas in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Between September, 1996 and November, 2008, 18 consecutive cases of adults (12 men and 6 women; median age 48.8 years) who were treated for primary genitourinary sar...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2011.52.5.761
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the changes of CD5+ B cells in the peripheral blood of 20 Kawasaki disease (KD) patients. The percentage of CD5+ B cells in the total lymphocytes and in the total B cells significantly decreased during the acute phase of KD(p < 0.01), compared to that in the age-matched normal control subjects. After i...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.1996.37.1.52
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A porcine heart valve was irradiated by Ultraviolet (UV) rays (10 W, 254 nm) for 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours at 4 degrees C to cross-link the structural collagen matrix. The degree of cross-linking was evaluated by assaying the released amount of hydroxyproline (Hyp) from the matrix, and comparing it with the positive contro...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.1999.40.2.159
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Recent evidence shows that nitric oxide (NO) may exhibit both pro-cancer and anti-cancer activities. The present study aimed to determine the differentially expressed proteins in NO-treated NIH/3T3 fibroblasts in order to investigate whether NO induces proteins with pro-cancer or anti-cancer effects. MATERIALS...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2015.56.2.563
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the hypothesis that mild hypothermia (rectal temperature 34 degrees C) results in the same survival time, whether induced spontaneously or intentionally, during untreated, lethal, uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in rats. Sixty-four Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly assigned to normothermia (Nth) (n=19)...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2002.43.4.511
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among chlorophyll derivatives (CpD-A, -B, -C, and -D) extracted from silk worm (Bombyx mori) excretas, CpD-A was extensively studied to clarify its role as a "photosensitizer" for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of tumors in vitro. It was found that CpD-A was photoreactive both in itself and also in its cell bound forms. T...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.1990.31.3.225
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) has been established for critically ill acute kidney injury (AKI) patients. In addition, some centers consist of a specialized CRRT team (SCT) with physicians and nurses. To our best knowledge, however, ona a few studies have yet been carried out on the superiority of...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2015.56.3.658
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this thesis, Korean prisoners' health behavior and the characteristics of their medical utilization were surveyed and analysed. Because prisoners are inclined to be mediators of communicable diseases or unhealthy behaviors between prison institution and the outside world, health care for prisoners is directly relat...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.1997.38.4.220
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The proposed the thoracolumbar injury classification system (TLICS) for thoracolumbar injury cites the integrity of the posterior ligamentous complex (PLC). However, no report has elucidated the severity of damage in thoracic and lumbar injury with classification schemes by presence of the PLC injury. The purpo...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2013.54.4.1020
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a new alignment technique. Kinematic alignment corrects arthritic deformity to the patient's constitutional alignment in order to position the femoral and tibial components, as well as to restore the knee's natural tibial-femoral articular surface, alignment, and ...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3349/ymj.2020.61.3.201
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among intracranial meningiomas, falcotentorial meningiomas, occurring at the junction of the falx cerebri and tentorial dural folds, are extremely rare. Because of their deep location, they are surrounded by critical structures, and have been regarded as one of the most challenging lesions for surgical treatment. In t...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2016.57.4.1022
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Label adherence for non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) has not been well evaluated in Asian patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). The present study aimed to assess label adherence for NOACs in a Korean AF population and to determine risk factors of off-label prescriptions of NOA...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.3349/ymj.2019.60.3.277
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::CSF flow dynamics has been known to have a key role the pathogenesis of syringomyelia. Our purpose was to evaluate the CSF flow pattern in syringomyelia with spatial modulation of magnetization (SPAMM) that can depict directional flow, and to determine the relationship between flow dynamics and clinical outcome after ...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.2002.43.1.37
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contribution of histamine H1- and H2-receptors to the effect of compound 48/80, a potent histamine releaser, upon asphyxiation and body temperature in mice was investigated in the present experiments. Compound 48/80 showed an apparent protective potency against hypoxia and significantly prolonged the latencies for con...
journal_title:Yonsei medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3349/ymj.1996.37.2.97
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00