Abstract:
:This note describes a Bayesian model selection or optimization procedure for post hoc inferences about reduced versions of a full model. The scheme provides the evidence (marginal likelihood) for any reduced model as a function of the posterior density over the parameters of the full model. It rests upon specifying models through priors on their parameters, under the assumption that the likelihood remains the same for all models considered. This provides a quick and efficient scheme for scoring arbitrarily large numbers of models, after inverting a single (full) model. In turn, this enables the selection among discrete models that are distinguished by the presence or absence of free parameters, where free parameters are effectively removed from the model using very precise shrinkage priors. An alternative application of this post hoc model selection considers continuous model spaces, defined in terms of hyperparameters (sufficient statistics) of the prior density over model parameters. In this instance, the prior (model) can be optimized with respect to its evidence. The expressions for model evidence become remarkably simple under the Laplace (Gaussian) approximation to the posterior density. Special cases of this scheme include Savage-Dickey density ratio tests for reduced models and automatic relevance determination in model optimization. We illustrate the approach using general linear models and a more complicated nonlinear state-space model.
journal_name
Neuroimagejournal_title
NeuroImageauthors
Friston K,Penny Wdoi
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.03.062subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-06-15 00:00:00pages
2089-99issue
4eissn
1053-8119issn
1095-9572pii
S1053-8119(11)00341-7journal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NEUROIMAGE文献大全abstract::Comparing the neural outcomes of two randomized experimental groups is a primary aim of many functional neuroimaging studies. However, between-group effects can be obscured by heterogeneity in neural responses. Optimal Combined Moderator (OCM) approaches have previously been used to clarify heterogeneity in clinical o...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.07.051
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The body underlies our sense of self, emotion, and agency. Signals arising from the skin convey warmth, social touch, and the physical characteristics of external stimuli. Surprising or unexpected tactile sensations can herald events of motivational salience, including imminent threats (e.g., an insect bite) and hedon...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.11.030
更新日期:2016-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Simultaneous EEG-fMRI has opened up new avenues for improving the spatio-temporal resolution of functional brain studies. However, this method usually suffers from poor EEG quality, especially for evoked potentials (ERPs), due to specific artifacts. As such, the use of EEG-informed fMRI analysis in the context of cogn...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.05.075
更新日期:2014-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:MOTIVATION:Many clinical and scientific conclusions that rely on voxel-wise analyses of neuroimaging depend on the accurate comparison of corresponding anatomical regions. Such comparisons are made possible by registration of the images of subjects of interest onto a common brain template, such as the Johns Hopkins Uni...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117657
更新日期:2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::System development for image-guided therapy (IGT), or image-guided interventions (IGI), continues to be an area of active interest across academic and industry groups. This is an emerging field that is growing rapidly: major academic institutions and medical device manufacturers have produced IGT technologies that are...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.04.026
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whereas we know a fair amount on the role of the amygdala in the acute stress response, virtually nothing is known about its role during the recovery period after the stress has waned. Functional connectivity analysis of the amygdala during this period might be useful in revealing brain circuits promoting adaptive rec...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.05.074
更新日期:2011-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast indirectly probes neuronal activity changes via evoked cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) changes. The gradient-echo BOLD signal is mostly sensitive...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.07.041
更新日期:2019-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::To exploit the high (millisecond) temporal resolution of magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) for measuring neuronal dynamics within well-defined brain regions, it is important to quantitatively assess their localizing ability. Previous modeling studies and empirical data suggest that a combin...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.03.066
更新日期:2007-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::The introduction of functional brain imaging based on BOLD-fMRI, twenty years ago, has revolutionized the field of human brain research. However, right from its inception it became clear that the BOLD signal suffers from a serious limitation--it reflects the averaged activity of large neuronal populations and hence ca...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.01.002
更新日期:2012-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Age-related impairments in the default network (DN) have been related to disruptions in connecting white matter tracts. We hypothesized that the local correlation between DN structural and functional connectivity is negatively affected in the presence of global white matter injury. In 125 clinically normal older adult...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.05.054
更新日期:2015-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative research in neuroimaging often relies on anatomical segmentation of human brain MR images. Recent multi-atlas based approaches provide highly accurate structural segmentations of the brain by propagating manual delineations from multiple atlases in a database to a query subject and combining them. The atl...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.02.018
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep deprivation (SD) can degrade cognitive functioning, but growing evidence suggests that there are large individual differences in the vulnerability to this effect. Some evidence suggests that baseline differences in the responsiveness of a fronto-parietal attention system that is activated during working memory (...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.11.035
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive behavioural abnormalities and frontotemporal atrophy. Here we used tensor based morphometry (TBM) to identify regions of longitudinal progression of gray matter atrophy in FTD compared to controls. T1-weighted MRI images were acq...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.01.028
更新日期:2007-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, accounting for 70% of cases worldwide. By 2050, dementia prevalence will have tripled, with most new cases occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a stage between healthy aging and dementia, marked by cognitive deficit...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116795
更新日期:2020-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::In neuroimaging it is now becoming standard practise to fit multiple models to data and compare them using a model selection criterion. This is especially prevalent in the analysis of brain connectivity. This paper describes a simulation study which compares the relative merits of three model selection criteria (i) Ak...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.07.039
更新日期:2012-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Multivariate pattern analysis can be used to decode the orientation of a viewed grating from fMRI signals in early visual areas. Although some studies have reported identifying multiple sources of the orientation information that make decoding possible, a recent study argued that orientation decoding is only possible ...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.11.066
更新日期:2016-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Oscillatory activity in the beta range, in human primary motor cortex (M1), shows interesting dynamics that are tied to behaviour and change systematically in disease. To investigate the pathophysiology underlying these changes, we must first understand how changes in beta activity are caused in healthy subjects. We t...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.02.078
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used event-related fMRI to measure neural activity in volunteer subjects during acquisition of an implicit association between a visual conditioned stimulus (CS+) (angry face) and an auditory unconditioned stimulus (UCS) (aversive, loud noise). Three distinct functional regions were identified within left amygdala:...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0721
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In neuroimaging, data are often modeled using general linear models. Here, we focus on GLMs with error covariances which are modeled as a linear combination of multiple variance/covariance components. Each of these components is weighted by one variance parameter. In many analyses variance parameters are estimated usi...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00308-2
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human medial frontal cortex and especially the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) have been implicated in several aspects of performance monitoring. We examined event-related EEG during a general process of controlling attention by using a novel paradigm to elicit a medial frontal negativity (MFN) to stimuli that ind...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.04.021
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diffusion MRI tractography is essential for reconstructing white-matter projections in the living human brain. Yet tractography results miss some projections and falsely identify others. A challenging example is the optic radiation (OR) that connects the thalamus and the primary visual cortex. Here, we tested whether ...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.06.060
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent atlases of the cortical surface are based on a modelization of the cerebral cortex as a topological sphere. This captures effectively its organization as a regular bidimensional sheet of layers parallel to the surface and with perpendicular cortical columns. Yet, while in the vertical direction cortices are alm...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.07.008
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the reproducibility of both the direction and the effect size of the word frequency effect (WFE) as it relates to associative semantic judgments. Sixteen volunteers were scanned twice. At the group level of analysis, signal change and voxel counting could both reproducibly detect the existence of a WFE. ...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(02)00019-8
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite there being an increasing number of installations of ultra high field MR systems (>3T) in clinical environments, no functional patient investigations have yet examined possible benefits for functional diagnostics. Here we performed presurgical localization of the primary motor hand area on 3T and 7T Siemens sc...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.05.010
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have suggested the importance of bilateral anterior temporal regions in face-name associations, but there is little evidence concerning their precise role. In this fMRI study, we investigated the effects of person-related semantics (PS) and repeated learning (R) on activations in these regions during ...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.09.043
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::High resolution electroencephalography (HR-EEG) combined with source localization methods has mainly been used to study interictal spikes and there have been few studies comparing source localization of scalp ictal patterns with depth EEG. To address this issue, 10 patients with four different scalp ictal patterns (ic...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.02.067
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Syntactically and semantically anomalous words encountered during sentence comprehension are known to elicit dissociable electrophysiological responses, which are thought to reflect distinct aspects of language processing. However, the sources of these responses have not been well characterized. We used beamforming an...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.11.016
更新日期:2015-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Embodiment theory predicts that mental imagery of object words recruits neural circuits involved in object perception. The degree of visual imagery present in routine thought and how it is encoded in the brain is largely unknown. We test whether fMRI activity patterns elicited by participants reading objects' names in...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.093
更新日期:2015-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate appraisal of meaningful environmental signals involves the interpretation of salient information for their intrinsic emotional value and personal relevance. We examined the neural basis for these components of endogenous salience during such appraisals using trial-related functional magnetic resonance imaging...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.09.072
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association fibers of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) connect parietal and frontal cortical regions in the human brain. The SLF comprises of three distinct sub-bundles, each presenting a different anatomical trajectory, and specific functional roles. Nevertheless, in vivo studies of the SLF often consid...
journal_title:NeuroImage
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116439
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00