Abstract:
:The polyunsaturated fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) affect vascular relaxation and involve factors (e.g., nitric oxide) that contribute to exercise-induced increases in skeletal-muscle blood flow (Q). The authors investigated whether DHA and EPA supplementation augments skeletal-muscle Q and vascular conductance (VC) and attenuates renal and splanchnic Q and VC in exercising rats. Rats were fed a diet of 5% lipids by weight, of which 20% was DHA and 30% EPA (PUFA group, n = 9), or 5% safflower oil (SO group, n = 8) for 6 wk. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (MAP), and hind-limb, renal, and splanchnic Q were measured at rest and during moderate treadmill running. MAP, HR, and renal and splanchnic Q and VC were similar between the 2 groups at rest and during exercise. In the PUFA group, Q (158 ± 27 vs. 128 ± 28 ml × min⁻¹ × 100 g⁻¹) and VC (1.16 ± 0.21 vs. 0.92 ± 0.23 ml × min⁻¹ × 100 g⁻¹ × mm Hg⁻¹) were greater in the exercising hind-limb muscle. Q and VC were also higher in 8 of 28 and 11 of 28 muscles and muscle parts, respectively. These increases were positively correlated to the percent sum of Types I and IIa fibers. Results suggest that DHA+EPA (a) enhances Q and VC in active skeletal muscle (especially Type I and IIa fibers) and that the increase in Q is due to an increase in cardiac output secondary to increases in VC and (b) has no apparent influence on vasoconstriction in renal and splanchnic tissue.
journal_name
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metabauthors
Stebbins CL,Hammel LE,Marshal BJ,Spangenberg EE,Musch TIdoi
10.1123/ijsnem.20.6.475subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-12-01 00:00:00pages
475-86issue
6eissn
1526-484Xissn
1543-2742journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Time spent in sedentary activities (such as watching television) has previously been associated with several risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Little is known about associations with lipoprotein subfractions. Using television and comp...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2013-0117
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of acute and 4-week Rhodiola rosea intake on physical capacity, muscle strength, speed of limb movement, reaction time, and attention. METHODS: PHASE I:A double blind placebo-controlled randomized study (n= 24) was performed, consisting of 2 sessions (2 ...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.14.3.298
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to compare biochemical and hormonal responses between mixed martial arts (MMA) competitors with minimal prefight weight loss and those undergoing rapid weight loss (RWL). Blood samples were taken from 17 MMA athletes (Mean± SD; age: 27.4 ±5.3yr; body mass: 76.2 ± 12.4kg; height: 1.71 ± 0....
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2014-0267
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aspiring female physique athletes are often encouraged to ingest relatively high levels of dietary protein in conjunction with their resistance training programs. However, there is little to no research investigating higher versus lower protein intakes in this population. This study examined the influence of a high ve...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0389
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agouti-related protein (AGRP) is an orexigenic peptide secreted from the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus. AGRP increases food intake and plays a role in energy balance, adiposity, weight gain, and growth-hormone release. The objective of the current study was to examine the effects of running exercise on res...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.19.5.473
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:There is a lack of studies concerning hydration status of young athletes exercising in the heat. PURPOSE:To assess preexercise hydration status in young soccer players during a summer sports camp and to evaluate body- water balance after soccer training sessions. METHODS:Initial hydration status was assess...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.23.3.245
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study characterized body composition profiles of elite American heptathletes and cross-validated skinfold (SKF) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) field method equations for estimation of percent body fat (%Fat) using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as the criterion. Weight, height, fat mass (FM), ...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.11.2.162
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessment of physical activity in clinical bone studies is essential. Two bone-specific physical activity scoring methods, the Bone Loading History Questionnaire (BLHQ) and Bone-Specific Physical Activity Questionnaire (BPAQ), have shown correlations with bone density and geometry, but not architecture. The purpose o...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2013-0258
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Athletes competing in individual sports such as judo are categorized by weight. Before competitions, weight cutting is common. This cross-sectional study was designed to characterize and determine the prevalence of rapid weight loss (RWL) among adolescent judo competitors. Male athletes aged 12- to 17-years old (N = 1...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2015-0196
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigated the effect of the glycemic index of an evening meal on responses to a standard high glycemic index (HGI) breakfast the following morning. The metabolic responses to exercise 3 h after breakfast were also investigated. Seven active males completed 2 trials. In each trial, participants wer...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.15.3.308
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program that combined nutrition education and prevention of disordered eating in a group of female professional dance students. Thirty-two dancers, aged 19-25 years, took part in the program. Evaluation was done by a series of questionnaires tha...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.12.1.24
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to assess the diet quality of Brazilian Paralympic track-and-field team sprinters and its variation between days. All sprinters (n = 28) were invited, and 20 (13 men and seven women) accepted the invitation consisting of 13 athletes with visual impairment, four with cerebral palsy, and three with limb...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0361
更新日期:2019-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to compare the effects of energy-matched carbohydrate (CHO) and carbohydrate-protein (CHO-PRO) supplements on cycling time-trial performance. Twelve competitive male cyclists and triathletes each completed 2 trials in a randomized and counterbalanced order that were separated by 5-10 d and appl...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.20.1.34
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have shown that neutrophils can utilize glutamine and that glutamine supplementation can improve neutrophil function in postoperative and burn patients. The present study investigated the influence of oral glutamine supplementation on stimulated neutrophil degranulation and oxidative burst activity foll...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.10.1.39
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea is common among female athletes and may be difficult to treat. Restoration of menses (ROM) is crucial to prevent deleterious effects to skeletal and reproductive health. OBJECTIVES:To determine the natural history of menstrual disturbances in female college athletes manage...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.22.2.98
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired muscle function has been coupled to vitamin D insufficiency in young women and in elderly men and women. Those living at Northern latitudes are at risk for vitamin D insufficiency due to low sun exposure which may be more pronounced among elite swimmers because of their indoor training schedules. We aimed to ...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2016-0248
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this investigation was to determine the efficacy of a caffeine-containing energy drink to improve physical performance of elite field hockey players during a game. On 2 days separated by a week, 13 elite field hockey players (age and body mass = 23.2 ± 3.9 years and 76.1 ± 6.1 kg) ingested 3 mg of caffeine ...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2015-0128
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of carbohydrate ingestion before and during intense constant load cycling to volitional fatigue on surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity from the vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) muscles. After 24-h diet and training control, 8 well-trained subjec...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.14.2.161
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Omega-3 Index is defined as erythrocyte eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and represents an individual's status in these two marine omega-3 fatty acids. A target range of 8 to 11% has been suggested, because values below predispose to cardiovascular events, especially sudden cardiac death...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2014-0041
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine relationships between changes in body weight, body composition, and fitness level in male students of the general population and those in the Army Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) program during the freshman year of college. METHODS:Thirty-seven (18.4 ± 0.7 yr) healthy, nonsmoking, first-semest...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.22.6.412
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy exercise is associated with an increased risk of upper respiratory tract infections. Strenuous exercise also causes gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. In previous studies probiotics have reduced respiratory tract infections and GI symptoms in general populations including children, adults, and the elderly. These qu...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.17.4.352
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the effect of a fed or fasted state on the salivary immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) response to prolonged cycling. Using a randomized, crossover design, 16 active adults (8 men and 8 women) performed 2 hr of cycling on a stationary ergometer at 65% of maximal oxygen uptake on 1 occasion after an overn...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.19.3.209
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study determined normative data for sweat rate (SR) and whole-body (WB) sweat sodium concentration [Na+] in athletes indigenous to a tropical climate, categorized by age, gender, and sport classification. We analyzed data from 556 athletes (386 adult and 170 young) in endurance (END), team/ball (TBA), and combat ...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2019-0299
更新日期:2020-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::Tonic vagal modulation of cardiac period (R-R interval) decreases with advancing age, but is greater in middle-aged and older adults who habitually perform aerobic exercise compared with their sedentary peers. Cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity also declines markedly with age in sedentary adults but only 50% as much i...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.11.s1.s189
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Discrepancies in energy and macronutrient intakes between tests are apparent even when a solid prepackaged diet (Sdiet) is used to standardize dietary intake for preexperimental trials. It is unknown whether a liquid prepackaged diet (Ldiet) leads to improved adherence, resulting in lower variability in energy and mac...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0259
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Loss of muscle mass, strength, and oxidative capacity accompanies normal aging in humans. The mechanisms responsible for these changes remain to be clearly defined. Muscle protein mass and function depend on protein turnover. Synthesis rate of the major muscle contractile protein, myosin heavy chain (MHC), and transcr...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.11.s1.s119
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to measure the recovery kinetics of pH and lactate for the conditions of pre-exercise acidosis, alkalosis, and placebo states. Twelve trained male cyclists completed 3 exercise trials (110% workload at VO2max), ingesting either 0.3 g/kg of NH4Cl (ACD), 0.2 g/kg of Na+HCO3- and 0.2 g/kg of...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.15.1.59
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to (a) report energy availability (EA), metabolic/reproductive function, bone mineral density, and injury/illness rates in national/world-class female and male distance athletes and (b) investigate the robustness of various diagnostic criteria from the Female Athlete Triad (Triad), Low Energy Availability in ...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0313
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is the position of Sports Dietitians Australia (SDA) that adolescent athletes have unique nutritional requirements as a consequence of undertaking daily training and competition in addition to the demands of growth and development. As such, SDA established an expert multidisciplinary panel to undertake an independe...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2014-0031
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The timing of carbohydrate ingestion and how this influences net muscle glycogen utilization and fatigue has only been investigated in prolonged cycling. Past findings may not translate to running because each exercise mode is distinct both in the metabolic response to carbohydrate ingestion and in the practicalities ...
journal_title:International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2019-0291
更新日期:2020-02-28 00:00:00