Abstract:
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet prodrug widely used in acute coronary syndromes and after intravascular stent placement. Acute or chronic use can cause bleeding, a major adverse effect, which can lead to drug discontinuation or noncompliance with therapy. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW:The mechanism of action of clopidogrel, safety of different loading doses of clopidogrel, its use as a solitary antiplatelet agent and concomitant use with other antiplatelet agents such as aspirin and warfarin are discussed. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, a rare but important adverse event, has also been reviewed. Literature searches including randomized controlled trials were conducted in Medline. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN:Clinicians will be able to understand the safety profile of using different doses of clopidogrel and the incidence of bleeding when used alone or in combination with other antiplatelet agents. TAKE HOME MESSAGE:Compared to aspirin, clopidogrel when taken alone causes less severe bleeding and less intracranial hemorrhage. Higher loading dose of clopidogrel is associated with increased bleeding. When combined with other antiplatelet agents, risk of bleeding increases, but like any other drug, the risks have to be weighed against potential benefits.
journal_name
Expert Opin Drug Safjournal_title
Expert opinion on drug safetyauthors
Mangalpally KK,Kleiman NSdoi
10.1517/14740338.2011.532485subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-01-01 00:00:00pages
85-95issue
1eissn
1474-0338issn
1744-764Xjournal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Pembrolizumab is a highly selective fully human immunoglobulin 4 monoclonal antibody against programmed death 1 (PD-1). Phase II and III trials have demonstrated that pembrolizumab has antitumor activity in previously treated patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). AREA COVERED:Pembrolizumab was appr...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2020.1805428
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Monoclonal antibodies such as bevacizumab, ramucirumab, cetuximab and panitumumab play an important role in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). With the introduction of these drugs considerable improvements in both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were achieved. H...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2016.1167186
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Pain management has become a widely discussed topic throughout all medical subspecialties. Although pediatric pain management has evolved significantly in its recent history, there is continued interest in the adequacy of pain treatment, both in the acute inpatient setting as well as the postoperative and ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2013.834045
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ximelagatran, the first oral agent in the new class of direct thrombin inhibitors, was withdrawn from the market due to increased rates of liver enzyme elevations in long-term treatments. Despite intensive pre clinical investigations the cellular mechanisms behind the observed hepatic effects remain unknown....
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/14740338.7.4.351
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aspirin use is associated with gastroduodenal mucosal damage and increased risk of upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Many aspirin users should receive prophylactic treatment since they often have several risk factors for upper GI complications. The best therapeutic approach for reducing GI toxicity in low-dose asp...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.1.3.245
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cardiovascular disease remains the major contributor to morbidity and mortality in diabetes. From the need to reduce cardiovascular risk in diabetes and to ensure that such risk is not exacerbated by drug treatments, governmental regulators and drug manufacturers have focused on clinical trials evaluating ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2016.1195368
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cardiac injury is one of the most impairing side effects of anticancer treatment. The extension of the range of available drugs, the use of combination regimens and the association with radiation therapy have improved life expectancy; however, they have also caused a rising typology of cardiac toxicities, ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2012.705826
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anthracyclines are among the most active chemotherapeutic agents in cancer treatment. Although infrequent, cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity is nevertheless a significant side effect of this therapy resulting in reduced cardiac reserve or even frank cardiac failure. Although used in several types of malignancy,...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.6.3.315
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::COX-2 selective inhibitors provide analgesia and blunt inflammation while also sparing the gastrointestinal tract from classic NSAID toxicity. Therapeutic effects are thought to result from inhibition of the inflammatory COX-2 isoform. Organ sparing is considered the result of preservation of homeostatic COX-1 enzyme ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.1.1.53
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Amiodarone is the most widely used antiarrhythmic agent, with demonstrated effectiveness against all the spectrum of cardiac tachyarrhythmias. The risk of adverse effects acts as a limiting factor to its utilization especially in the long term. This article systematically reviews the published evidence on ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2012.660915
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Conjugated equine estrogens (CEE) are widely used for the treatment of menopausal symptoms, such as vasomotor symptoms and vulvovaginal atrophy, and for the prevention of bone loss, in postmenopausal women. The safety profile of CEE has been extensively published over the past 20 years. AREAS COVERED:Data...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2013.824965
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this manuscript is to report the safety profile of patients treated with ruboxistaurin mesylate (RBX; LY333531), a selective protein kinase C-beta (PKC-beta) inhibitor, for up to 4 years. Data from patients with diabetes (1396 RBX 32 mg/day; 1408 placebo) were combined from 11 placebo-controlled, double-mas...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.5.6.835
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thionamides, selective inhibitors of thyroid peroxidase-mediated iodination by tyrosine residues in thyroglobulin, have been effectively used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. The choices for initial treatment of patients with Graves' disease differ in various countries, and many physicians around the world prefer ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.5.1.107
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Rucaparib is increasingly being utilized for women with recurrent ovarian cancer both as treatment and maintenance therapy. Poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors like rucaparib are daily oral medication that exploit the DNA repair pathway. The most significant clinical benefit is in those tumors e...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2018.1550067
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:To discuss the significance of the recent observational case series from the Swiss Toxicological Information Centre (STIC). Mycophenolic acid (MPA) and its prodrug mycophenolate mofetil are immunosuppressive agents that are frequently prescribed in renal transplant recipients, and their safety profiles mus...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 评论,社论
doi:10.1517/14740338.2014.905540
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many diseases are now treatable with modern drugs. Elderly people, because they suffer from age-related illnesses, stand to gain the most, but they are also at risk from adverse drug reactions (ADRs). There are complex reasons for the increased frequency of ADRs, including poor prescribing, polypharmacy, altered drug ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1517/14740338.2.3.211
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are the leading cause of death and disability in the developed countries. Lipid-lowering therapy is a cornerstone of the CV risk modification strategy. The first line treatment for hyperlipidemia is statins, which decrease low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by 30-50% a...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2019.1620730
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a very prevalent disorder in premenopausal women. Cardiovascular risk factors cluster in these patients, raising concern about the safety of the drugs commonly used to ameliorate symptoms of androgen excess in in this population at risk of cardiovascular morbidity. ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2020.1839409
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors have an impressive safety record despite the multiple functions that CA isozymes serve because they are not fully inhibited with most dosing. While reducing the targeted CA-dependent process sufficiently for disease control, residual activity and uncatalyzed rates in comb...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2014.897328
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Critically ill patients receiving parenteral drugs are at an increased risk of exposure to various excipients administered simultaneously and at increased amounts. Hence, we carried out the present study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Patients admitted in the adult, pediatric, and neonatal intensive care unit...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2020.1805431
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:During the last decade, the development of small molecule inhibitors of Janus kinases (JAKi) contributed to revolutionize the therapeutic landscape of myelofibrosis (MF). JAKi proved to be effective in controlling disease-related symptoms and splenomegaly with remarkable inter-drug variability. However, in...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2021.1865912
更新日期:2020-12-27 00:00:00
abstract::Background: This study aimed to measure the association of various H1-antihistamines (H1A) with Torsade de Pointes (TdP), and present a comprehensive overview of H1A-induced TdP cases reported to the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Methods: All H1A-induced TdP cases (n = 406) were ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2021.1846717
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Conventional systemic therapies for psoriasis are associated with serious toxicities that can limit long-term use. In recent years, biological therapies have offered the possibility of long-term therapy with improved safety and efficacy for the treatment of psoriasis. Biological therapies can be classified...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2011.524925
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To review long-term safety data from the rollover study ETV-901, focusing on adverse events (AEs) with a potential nucleos(t)ide association. METHODS:The open-label study ETV-901 (AI463901) assessed the safety of entecavir in chronic hepatitis B patients who received entecavir, lamivudine or adefovir monothe...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1517/14740338.2012.653340
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Millions of women worldwide use the combined oral contraceptive pill as an effective form of contraception. However, the focus on its side effects to date has mainly been on physical aspects, even though the most commonly stated reason for discontinuation is depression. There are surprisingly few large studies investi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.6.4.371
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The Annual Meeting of the Safety Pharmacology (SP) Society is a yearly event designed to keep attendees abreast of how to best identify and mitigate organ function liabilities of candidate drugs selected for clinical assessment. AREAS COVERED:Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) effects of candidate dr...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type:
doi:10.1517/14740338.2015.1034104
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of cephalosporins, based on utilization and adverse drug events (ADEs). METHODS:This is a retrospective study using data on cephalosporins, obtained from Yangtze River hospital drug information and the Wuhan adverse drug reactions monitoring center database, fr...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1517/14740338.2012.699037
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Patients living with schizophrenia have a marked risk of clinically significant weight gain and obesity compared to the general population. The risks have been highlighted following the introduction of second-generation antipsychotics. In turn, obesity is associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovasc...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2019.1674809
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric childhood disorder. The most commonly used drugs in the treatment of ADHD are methylphenidate (MPH) and atomoxetine (ATX); the former of the two is prescribed in USA more than it is in Western Europe. Some of the most important saf...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/14740338.2014.941804
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is widely used to treat various rheumatic diseases. Many autoimmune diseases occur in women of child-bearing age who may become pregnant while on therapy, which raises concerns regarding the teratogenicity of HCQ and its effect on the outcome of the pregnancy....
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2011.566555
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00